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Recent Updates on Pd-Incorporated Ionic Liquids Catalyzed Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reaction: A Mini-Review
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Ionic liquids (ILs) have been recognized for their potential as environmentally friendly solvents when compared to traditional organic solvents. Additionally, their function goes beyond that of solvents, and cocatalysts, as they frequently act as stabilizing agents and ligands for the metal-active species and intermediates in catalytic systems. This comprehensive review primarily focuses on the application of Pd-incorporated ILs in catalyzing cross-coupling Suzuki reactions. The responses play a vital role in creating a wide range of structurally diverse and highly functionalized organic compounds, focusing specifically on nucleopalladation Suzuki coupling reactions. The review provides a detailed summary of the reaction conditions, stereoselectivity and regioselectivity, and the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, it underscores crucial and characteristic illustrations, displaying the practical implementations of these coupling reactions. The aim of this review is to stimulate further research efforts, with the ultimate goal of expanding our understanding and utilization of ILs in various fields in the future.

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 13 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Design of a Kinematic Neural Controller for Mobile Robots based on Enhanced Hybrid Firefly-Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
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The paper present design of a control structure that enables integration of a Kinematic neural controller for trajectory tracking of a nonholonomic differential two wheeled mobile robot, then  proposes a Kinematic neural controller to direct a National Instrument mobile robot (NI Mobile Robot). The controller is to make the actual velocity of the wheeled mobile robot close the required velocity by guarantees that the trajectory tracking mean squire error converges at minimum tracking error. The proposed tracking control system consists of two layers; The first layer is a multi-layer perceptron neural network system that controls the mobile robot to track the required path , The second layer is an optimization layer ,which is impleme

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 08 2017
Journal Name
Neural Computing And Applications
A new algorithm of modified binary particle swarm optimization based on the Gustafson-Kessel for credit risk assessment
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
The effect of titanium oxide microparticles on mechanical properties, absorption and solubility processes of a glass ionomer cement
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Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) is one of the important dental temporary filing materials. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of adding 3, 5 and 7 wt. % of TiO2 microparticles to conventional GIC powder (Riva Self Cure) on mechanical properties and its effect on absorption and solubility processes. TiO2 particles additives improved compressive strength and biaxial flexural strength, where the compressive strength increased with increasing in the added ratio, while the highest value of the biaxial flexural strength was at 3 wt.%. The addition of TiO2 particles improved the surface Vickers microhardness values, with highest value at 5 wt. %. On other hand TiO2 addition im

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
factors determining pricing strategies in Iraqi business market – on analytic study in a number of industrial sector companies
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Pricing has an important position among the elements of marketing mixture (4ps) as it represents revenues that in turn represent one of the important  pillars' for resources affecting on organizations sustainability and development , and the failure in determining prices and their strategies has a dangerous effect on the organizations reality and future as a whole . from this point,  this is what from the focus of the research problem,which centered on how to get companies to critical price that satisfies customers and achieve corporate objectives.                          

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Publication Date
Sun May 15 2022
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Assessment of Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices on Antibiotic Use and Resistance in Baghdad: A single-hospital study
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Background: There are so many evidences that there was antimicrobial resistance, and there were many strains that emerged which were difficult to treat. We are living in a situation that the dissemination of multiple drug resistant bacteria can lead us to the situation, in which no treatment could be offered for bacterial infection in future.

Aim of study: Assessment of nurses’ knowledge, attitude, and practices on antibiotic use and resistance in Fatima Al Zahra hospital in Baghdad.

Subjects and Methods:  A cross-sectional study. The study was carried on from 1st of February to 31st of March 2021.  A questionnaire was constructed by the research team based on literature review and was adapted to asses

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2025
Journal Name
Iv. International Rimar Congress Of Pure, Applied Sciences
A New Intrusion Detection Approach Based on RNA Encoding and K-Means Clustering Algorithm Using KDD-Cup99 Dataset
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Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are useful tools that help security administrators in the developing task to secure the network and alert in any possible harmful event. IDS can be classified either as misuse or anomaly, depending on the detection methodology. Where Misuse IDS can recognize the known attack based on their signatures, the main disadvantage of these systems is that they cannot detect new attacks. At the same time, the anomaly IDS depends on normal behaviour, where the main advantage of this system is its ability to discover new attacks. On the other hand, the main drawback of anomaly IDS is high false alarm rate results. Therefore, a hybrid IDS is a combination of misuse and anomaly and acts as a solution to overcome the dis

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 23 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery
Gender Determination in Forensic Dentistry Using Bonwill’s Triangle Measurements From CBCT Scans: A Study on the Iraqi Population
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Background:

The purpose of this study is to illuminate the role of CBCT in forensic dentistry through variations of mandibular measurements of Bonwill’s triangles in gender determination among the Iraqi population.

Materials and methods:

In this retrospective study 70 CBCT scans were analyzed to measure the Bonwill’s triangle, 35 for males and 35 for females aged between 20 and 50 years, all data were collected at the oral and maxillofacial radiology department in Ghazi AL-Hariri hospital for 3 months, and the data were obtained using a Kavo CBCT device (3D On De

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Publication Date
Fri May 01 2015
Journal Name
Ieee Transactions On Microwave Theory And Techniques
On the Design of Gyroelectric Resonators and Circulators Using a Magnetically Biased 2-D Electron Gas (2-DEG)
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Publication Date
Tue Feb 17 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
MOTIVES FOR STUDENTS TO BE EXPOSED TO EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS ON TV CHANNELS (Iraqi educational channels as a model)
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The educational function of television is one of the basic functions in light of the technical development that included the specialized satellite channels in all its fields, including the educational field, as its role became parallel to the role of educational institutions. These studies are among the descriptive studies in terms of the type of study methodology that describes the phenomenon, interprets its and extract the results and relationships between the variables. The study sample was multistage (random and intentional) included the students of the sixth academic and literary preparatory stage in the city of Baghdad.
The study problem was summarized by the following main question:
( What are the motives for the exposure of

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 06 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Role of School Administration on Academic Achievement in Khartoum International Institute for Arabic language: A Practical Study
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School administration has an effective role in stimulating academic achievement, as it is the ideal regulation and activation of material and human power to achieve the goals of the educational process. This role has axes in the form of interests, aids, and specific procedures exercised by the school administration in improving the educational process, and assisting researchers in achieving the highest levels of academic achievement. This activation is achieved through stages of planning, organizing, coordinating, and evaluating.

To achieve the aims of this research, the researcher pursued the descriptive analytical approach, which is considered one of the most appropriate approaches to the nature of this type of research. The qu

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