Silymarin is derived from the milk thistle plant, and possesses numerous pharmacological actions, including hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. The aim of the study was to the determination of influence different concentrations of Silymarin on the rumen performance in 30 local lambs (divided into three groups of 10 lambs each). In the first and second groups, 420 and 210 mg kg-1 of silymarin were administered for 8 weeks, and the third group was the control, which received normal saline solution. The parameters evaluated included the level of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), ammonia and pH in the rumen. Furthermore, the in vitro digestibility of ash, protein, fat and dry matter was investigated. These parameters were examined fortnightly, for eight weeks. The results showed that the level of volatile fatty acids and pH increased in the rumen in G1 and G2 compared to the control group, while the level of ammonia decreased in the rumen in G1 and G2 when compared to G3 (p<0.05). Silymarin increased the in vitro digestibility of crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF) and crude dry matter (CDM) in the rumen of lambs. These results indicate that silymarin can improve the digestibility of nutrient elements in the lamb rumen. Keywords: ammonia; digestibility; crude ash; crude protein; crude fat. Concentrações de silimarina nas atividades ruminais de cordeiros RESUMO: A silimarina é derivada da planta do cardo mariano e possui inúmeras ações farmacológicas, incluindo propriedades hepatoprotetoras, anti-inflamatórias, antioxidantes e anticancerígenas. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a influência de diferentes concentrações de silimarina no desempenho ruminal de 30 cordeiros locais, divididos em três grupos (de 10 cordeiros cada). No primeiro e segundo grupo foi administrado 420 e 210 mg kg-1 de silimarina durante 8 semanas, e, o terceiro grupo foi o controle, que recebeu solução salina normal. Os parâmetros avaliados incluíram o nível de ácidos graxos voláteis (AGVs), amônia e pH no rúmen. Além disso, investigou-se a digestibilidade in vitro de cinzas, proteínas, gorduras e matéria seca. Esses parâmetros foram examinados quinzenalmente, durante oito semanas. Os resultados mostraram que o nível de ácidos graxos voláteis e pH aumentaram no rúmen em G1 e G2, em comparação com o grupo controle, enquanto, o nível de amônia diminuiu no rúmen em G1 e G2 quando comparado com G3 (p<0,05). A silimarina aumentou a digestibilidade in vitro da cinza bruta (CA), proteína bruta (PB), gordura bruta (CF) e matéria seca bruta (CDM) no rúmen dos cordeiros. Esses resultados indicam que silimarina pode melhorar a digestibilidade dos elementos nutrientes no rúmen do cordeiro. Palavras-chave: amônia; digestibilidade; cinza bruta; proteína bruta; gordura bruta.
Background: The most widely used material for fabrication of denture base is poly methyl methacrylate, despite its popularity, the main problems associated with it as a denture base material are poor strength particularly under fatigue failure inside the patient mouth, impact failure outside the patient mouth, which are the main causes for fracture of denture, several studies was done to increase mechanical properties of denture base. The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effect of addition single walled carbon nanotubes in different concentrations to polymethyl methacrylate on some mechanical properties (surface hardness, surface roughness, impact strength and transverse strength). Materials and methods: Forty eight
... Show MoreThis study was conducted in the poultry field of Al-Mustansiriya University/ Baghdad, to show the effect of adding different levels 0, 1, 5 and 10% of the fenugreek seeds in the rations containing many contaminated microbes on the productive performance of broilers. 150-day-old rose meat was used with a 41 average weight (gm), were randomly allocated to 4 treatments with 3 replicates, and for each treatment 15 chicks per repetition: 0, 1, 5, and 10% (T0-T3), respectively. The results of this study showed that fenugreek seeds contain good amounts of protein, fat, ash and carbohydrates, which are 24.92, 8.82, 3.08 and 54.28 respectively. Fenugreek seeds also have high levels of tannins, coumarins and flavones, followed by saponins,
... Show MoreIn this research, radon concentrations in some types of healthy drinking water samples available in Iraq's market were measured using a technique called Durridge RAD-7-H2O with closed loop. Then the rate of annual effective dose in human taken this water is determined.
It was found that, radon concentrations in studied samples ranged between 1.2 Bq.m-3 to 142 Bq.m-3. The results of the radon concentrations and the rate of annual effective dose for drinking water samples were significantly lower than the USEPA and WHO recommended limits that equal 500 Bq/m3 and 1 mSv/y resp
... Show MoreThis research was conducted under Lath house canopy of a nursery circumstances, Baghdad University for season 2013 in order to study the effect of soak lemon seeds sour orange with different levels of licorice concentrations extract (0, 0.5, 2.5 and 4.5 g/l) for 24 hours in the percentage of germination and some recipes vegetative growth of seedlings .the results outweigh the bitter orange seedlings and focus soak for licorice extract 4.5 g / l significant superiority in most of the traits plant height, leaf number, root length, stem diameter, amounting to 31.077 cm, 14.46 paper / plant, 25.35 cm, 0.52 mm respectively, which showed significant differences for the treatment of comparison which gave lower values. Clear that the licorice ext
... Show MoreBackground Over the past decade there has been a growing awareness of, and interest in, the trace element concentration differences between normal and diseased tissues. Significant changes in tissue concentrations of Zinc (Zn) and Copper (Cu) have been previously reported in inflammation and cancer of certain human tissues.
Aim:(1)To correlate between Zn and Cu concentrations and the histological picture of normal and certain inflamed human tissues, namely the gall bladder (GB) the vermiform appendix (VA), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). (2) to detect whether there is a difference in the above-mentioned parameters between VAT and SAT. (3) to obtain recordings for trace element levels in human tissu
Asbestos is a hazard pollutant to human health, exposure to asbestos cause serious health effects and wide range of asbestos-related diseases such as asbestosis, lung cancer and malignant mesothelioma and it has been classified as carcinogen by the World Health Organization WHO which cause a carcinogenic effects. Fibers of asbestos are mainly released from friction product in brakes and clutch linings and from reinforce agent in the asbestos cement industry. The aim of this was to evaluate the levels of asbestos fibers in surroundings air of some dense traffic points in Baghdad, through winter 2020. Materials and Methods: Samples of airs was carried out by directing air flow to a mixed cellulose ester membrane filter mounted on an open face
... Show MoreAbstract
The study was conducted in Baghdad and aimed to:
The impact of moving the educational activities in the conservation of literary
texts and the development of literary taste in the fifth grade students moral "by
verifying the validity of hypotheses Elsafreeten following forms:
The first hypothesis:
- There are no differences in women with statistical significance between means
of scores of students three experimental groups, the experimental group first
used upstream activities in the teaching material of literature and texts, the
second experimental group used the activities of building in the teaching
material itself and the experimental group the third use activities concluding
taught the same
The first chapter includes introduce the research and the problem of the research that there are negligence of some educational institutions and schools management , some parents and supervisors .Also there are some educators who believes that school activities are obstacles means to learning and prevent pupils from studying and understanding the subjects. That may due to social , psychological and educational reasons
The purposes of the researches come from the reports of supervision visits which indicate a lot of difficulties faced by pupils and teachers related to education activities and its influence on in education and the necessity of indentify these difficulties and remedy them
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