Crude oil is one of the most important sources of energy in the world. To extract its multiple components, we need oil refineries. Refineries consist of multiple parts, including heat exchangers, furnaces, and others. It is known that one of the initial operations in the refineries is the process of gradually raising the temperature of crude oil to 370 degrees centigrade or higher. Hence, in this investigation the focus is on the furnaces and the corrosion in their tubes. The investigation was accomplished by reading the thickness of the tubes for the period from 2008 to 2020 with a test in every two year, had passed from their introduction into the work. Where the thickness of more than one point was measured on each tube in the same row and the corrosion rate was extracted for three furnaces, starting from the area of heat transfer by radiation to the heat transfer area of the convection in three different operating units. It was found that the highest percentage corrosion value between the standard tube thickness and the thickness of conduction position was 37% with the conduction zone, and 31% with radiation zone. There, the tubes specification was tested. Five percent Cr-0.5 Moly and the temperature of radiation zone was 578 °C to 613 °C and the stack temperature was 410 °C to 450 °C. So, the results show that the maximum erosion occur at the convection zone.
Rapid development has achieved in treating tumor to stop malignant cell growth and metastasis in the past decade. Numerous researches have emerged to increase potency and efficacy with novel methods for drug delivery. The main objective of this literature review was to illustrate the impact of current new targeting methods to other previous delivering systems to select the most appropriate method in cancer therapy. This review first gave a brief summary of cancer structure and highlighted the main roles of targeting systems. Different types of delivering systems have been addressed in this literature review with focusing on the latest carrier derived from malarial protein. The remarkable advantages and main limitations of the later
... Show MoreThis research discusses the developmental role of the social worker in providing care for children at risk. The research is desicriptive in nature include both the theoretical and field aspects. The theoretical aspect focuses on the characteristics and requirements of these children and what forms and implications are exposed to them by society, what is the developmental role of the social worker in the rehabilitation of this group. As for the field aspect, the study sample took a (40) social workers who working in Aiwa institutions inside Baghdad. A questionnaire of (14) questions was used as tool to collect the needed data.
Nineteenth century Gothic literature was deeply concerned with the threats against masculinity. Perhaps one of the most important changes that happened at that time was the emergence of the New Woman model which posed a great threat against masculinity and the male role in the Victorian society. Bram Stoker’s Dracula (1897) portrays female characters who embody this transition in female roles from the domestic wife to the New Woman. This paper focuses on the female characters Mina Murray and Lucy Westenra, their roles in their society, and the different fates they face at the end of the novel, with special focus on Mina’s transformation to the model of the New Woman.
The folkloric games widely considered as expressional forms of nations culture and their environment which can be an important element in Iraqi child theatre shows. For its moral and habits relation to the needs of children which present an effective mean to preserve the true identity of the society character and moral. The research concluded many topics considering the importance of folkloric games in the Iraqi child theatre, the first chapter studied the problem , the necessity , the aim of the research to clarify the importance of folkloric games in Iraqi child theatre, the second chapter is the theoretical part of the research that studied the concept of folkloric games and its implementation in Iraqi child theatre . the third chapte
... Show MoreThe problem with research in the question of whether art forms in the religious icon Byzantine, heiress docility and tradition craftsman arts civilizations of the above? ... And if you are well, you helped a quotation on the entry of strange ideas rampant within religious traditions, and are prompted to do Movement rejected prohibition, and the outbreak of the icons war? ... Or is it, in fact - and as researcher finds - the result of a need communication between the religious and the recipient organization in the establishment of a deliberative speech, be visible, along with reading it and audible? .. And lies the importance of this study is being added technical knowledge of the library that will enrich researchers and scholars in this
... Show MoreSome specific factors that cause the kinetic compensation effect
during the decomposition CaC03 are identified. The role of the C02 equilibrium pressure is examined in relation to the kinetic compensation effect. This investigation also shows why non - iso thermal experiments have some time necessarily to yield value of activation energy different from the value obtained from isothermal experiments.
The American vision of the Non-governmental Organizations in Iraq the topic area of that’s paper dealing with Civil Society as concept and practice, its already consider as Western concept and associated with liberalism and political development, they are many definitions of its but most significantly is all organizations, agencies, trade unions and non-governmental institutions, that’s agencies were established after 2003 and received funds from United States and UN development agencies. The non- governments organizations played a significant role as support and develop many cultural, healthy, educational, and social projects, also that’s organizations try to reduction the effects of terrorists actions especially after ISI
... Show MoreHousing finance is considered to be an important and basic element in housing market, so it’s very important to aid individuals and particular institutions to built or buy new housing units.Inadequate finance system for housing is capable of supporting families to fulfill their needs and helping them to buy and built houses represented a big gap between the need to housing units and available stock. The most important finance institutions in Iraq nowa days are the Real Estate Bank and Housing Fund.Althoughthe role played byeach ofthese institutions, but thattheir roleis stilllimited in thehousing financeat the level ofindividuals orinstitutions. the adoption of the real estate Bank and housing fund to the amount allocated by th
... Show MoreBackground: Salivary tumors are uncommon, being of low incidence worldwide. This study aimed to assess cases collected in this series of salivary gland tumors in regard to histopathological typing, in relation to age, site and gender. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study; cases were collected from public and private laboratories. A total number of 171 cases were collected. The slides were reviewed and reclassified for histopathological typing according to WHO classification 2005. Results: Benign tumors were more common than malignant tumors. The most common histological type was benign mixed tumor, followed by Warthin’s tumor. The most common malignant tumor was adenoid cystic carcinoma. One hundred twenty three cases ou
... Show MoreThe current study aims to identify the needs in the stories of the Brothers Grimm. The research sample consisted of (3) stories, namely: 1- The story of the Thorn Rose (Sleeping Beauty) 2- The story of Snow White 3- The story of Little Red Riding Hood. The number of pages analyzed reached (15.5) pages, and to achieve the research objectives, Murray's classification of needs was adopted, which contains (36) basic needs that are further divided into (129) sub-needs. The idea was adopted as a unit of analysis and repetition as a unit of enumeration, Reliability was extracted in two ways: 1- Agreement between the researcher and himself over time, where the agreement coefficient reached 97%. The second was agreement between the researcher and tw
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