Objectives: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the effect of adding a poloxamer surfactant to the irrigant solutions on its cleaning efficiency. Design: In this study the roots of extracted permanent premolar teeth were used and evaluated by using Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM). Materials and Method: 72 human single tooth of permanent premolar (8 for each group) were used in this in vitro study. Roots after sectioning at cervical area to get 15 mm were embedded in a plastic container filled with impression silicon, then instrumented with ProTaper rotary instruments till size F4. Each group (8 root) were irrigated with one of the nine solutions used in study: three concentrations of NaOH [5% (A1), 2.5%(A2), 0.5%(A3)], three concentrations of NaOH with Poloxamer surfactant [5% (B1), 2.5% (B2), 0.5% (B3)], NaOCl 5.25% (C1), NaOCl 5.25% with Poloxamer surfactant (C2), and Normal Saline (D). After instrumentation, each tooth was finally washed with normal saline. Then by using diamond disc, all roots were sectioned longitudinally in buccolingual direction to obtain two halves of each root, the more intact root was selected to be prepared for scanning electron microscopy test. Finally, the data was analyzed by using the SPSS 25 program with a non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. Additionally, scores were analyzed by using the chi-square test. The significance level for all tests was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: the study showed that Sodium hypochlorite was higher in smear layer removal than that of Sodium hydroxide, and there was also a significant increase in the cleaning efficiency of sodium hydroxide with increasing concentration of solutions. Conclusion: The adding of a poloxamer surfactant didn't significantly increased the cleaning efficiency of both solutions used. No significant difference between NaOCl and NaOH
Comparative cytogenetic studies were carried out on males of two species of flour beetles, Rust flour beetle Tribolium castaneum and Confused flour beetle Tribolium confusum to investigate the karyotype. In these species, somatic chromosomes were arranged according to its length except the sex chromosomes. Results of this study showed that complete chromosomes karyotyping (2n) of T.castaneum equaled to twenty chromosomes ( 2n=20, XY ) whereas (2n) T.confusum equaled eighteen chromosomes ( 2n= 18,XY). In the two species the sex chromosome Y was the shortest chromosome and had length of average ± standard error in T.castaneum equaled to 1.500 ± 0.0 µm whereas
... Show MoreThe aim of organizational contemporary is development man power active, in spit-of there are littlie resources. But in the Iraqi environment there are too much resources with performance inhabiting. specially in the ministry of water resources (sample of this research), about dryness and lower levels of rivers. There for this study have some important variable, it is ethical leadership & transformational leadership as (independent variable), and Perceived organizational support(dependent variable). Over here to invest with authority on the problem of research, is weakness harmony between employed perception and the pattern of leadership. We find decline in of reaction of organ compound between the variable to weaken high perf
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The removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater by ion exchange resins ( zeolite and purolite C105), was investigated. The adsorption process, which is pH dependent, shows maximum removal of metal ions at pH 6 and 7 for zeolite and purolite C105 for initial metal ion
concentrations of 50-250 mg/l, with resin dose of 0.25-3 g. The maximum ion exchange capacity was found to be 9.74, 9.23 and 9.71 mg/g for Cu2+, Pb2+, and Ni2+ on zeolite respectively, while on purolite C105 the maximum ion exchange capacity was found to be 9.64 ,8.73 and 9.39 for Cu2+, Pb2+, and Ni2+ respectively. The maximum removal was 97-98% for Cu2+ and Ni2+ and 92- 93% for Pb2+ on zeolite, while it was 93-94% for Cu2+, 96-97% for Ni2+, and 87-88% for Pb2+ on puroli
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Biodiesel can be prepared from various types of vegetable oils or animal fats with the aid of a catalyst.
Calcium oxide (CaO) is one of the prospective heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel synthesis. Modification
of CaO by impregnation on silica (SiO2) can improve the performance of CaO as catalyst. Egg shells and rice
husks as biomass waste can be used as raw materials for the preparation of the silica modified CaO catalyst.
The present study was directed to synthesize and characterize CaO impregnated SiO2 catalyst from biomass
waste and apply it as catalyst in biodiesel synthesis. The catalyst was synthesized by wet impregnation
method and characterized by x-ray diffraction, x-ray fluorescence, nitr
The study is sought to determine specific alteration in AVP-LI level of plasma and sites of the hypothalamic-neurohypophysial-system; supraoptic nucleus (SON), paraventricular nucleus (PVN), neurointermediate lobe (NIL), and median eminence (ME), related to effects of stress of different anesthetics and electrical stimulation of RVLM/C1area. Urethane or halothane anesthetized Wistar rats were subjected to intra-RVLM electrical stimulation of 10 sec train, 1msec pulse duration at 40 Hz, and 2V every 30s. After 30min stimulation, AVP-LI extracted from plasma, NIL, ME, SON, and PVN and measured by RIA, were compared with that of sham-stimulated urethane- or halothane-anesthetized rats and unstimulated unanesthetized control rats. Data
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El horóscopo que es una predicción deducida de la posición de los astros del sistema solar y de los signos de Zodiaco, intenta no sólo predecir el futuro, sino también influir en el comportamiento del lector, orientándolo para que actúe adecuadamente y la invitación a actuar ante ese futuro que se aconseja mediante imperativos, perífrasis y otros recursos lingüísticos. Los horóscopos se caracterizan por su gran popularidad que existen en periódico o revista en columnas enteras dedicadas al tema, en donde se detallan la influencia que tendrá el día o el mes de cada uno de los signos correspondientes al zodíaco, siempre teniendo en cuenta la posici
... Show MoreThe Purpose of this study is mainly to improve the competitive position of products economic units using technique target cost and method reverse engineering and through the application of technique and style on one of the public sector companies (general company for vegetable oils) which are important in the detection of prices accepted in the market for items similar products and processing the problem of high cost which attract managerial and technical leadership to the weakness that need to be improved through the introduction of new innovative solutions which make appropriate change to satisfy the needs of consumers in a cheaper way to affect the decisions of private customer to buy , especially of purchase private economic units to
... Show MoreThe digital multimedia systems become standard at this time because of their extremely sensory activity effects and also the advanced development in its corresponding technology. Recently, biological techniques applied to several varieties of applications such as authentication protocols, organic chemistry, and cryptography. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is a tool to hide the key information in multimedia platforms.
In this paper, an embedding algorithm is introduced; first, the image is divided into equally sized blocks, these blocks checked for a small amount color in all the separated blocks. The selected blocks are used to localize the necessary image information. In the second stage, a comparison is between the initial image pixel
Despite efforts to contain and manage the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak which was declared a public health emergency of international concern in January 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO), the COVID-19 pandemic still remains a major global challenge. Patients who display the classical symptoms of the infection are easily identified, tested, isolated and monitored. However, many cases of infected asymptomatic patients have been documented. These patients are not easily identified even though many evidences suggest that they can spread the virus to others. How and why these COVID-19 asymptomatic presentations occur remain unclear. The many theories and views are conjectural, and supporting evidences are still needed. In this review, we
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