(Cu1-x,Agx)2ZnSnSe4 alloys have been fabricated with different Ag content(x=0, 0.1, and 0.2) successfully from their elements. Thin films of these alloys have been deposited on coring glass substrate at room temperature by thermal evaporation technique under vacuum of 10-5Torr with thickness of 800nm and deposition rate of 0.53 nm/sec. Later, films have been annealed in vacuum at (373, and 473)K, for one hour. The crystal structure of fabricated alloys and as deposited thin films had been examined by XRD analysis, which confirms the formation of tetragonal phase in [112] direction, and no secondary phases are founded. The shifting of main polycrystalline peak (112) to lower Bragg’s angle as compared to Cu2ZnSnSe4 angle refers to incorpora

After this systematic presentation of the phenomenon of rotation of formulas, ie the construction of the verb and the verb, and the narrated narratives therein differed among the readers, it became clear to us how the difference was clear between reading and the other, and how readers have varied in their readings of the verb, As we have noted through our modest research that the phenomenon of building the verb for the actor and the effect have included the act of both past and present tense, and not limited to a specific time, and this difference in reading was not limited to a particular environment, but beyond To more than one environment This is evidenced by the readings of various readers from the environment of Kufa, Basra, Mecca,

In this research ,Undoped Nio and 1%Li doped Nio thin films were deposited utilizing chemical spray pyrolysis on the glass substrates heated (450C). The effects of non-thermal plasma on the structural and optical properties were studied. XRD measurement shows that Nio and Nio:1%Li films were found to be polycrystalline and have cubic structure with a preferred orientation (111). Decreased crystal size after exposure especially at (7) sec. AFM data indicate that the surface roughness average and (RMS) values of the prepared doped films are increasing after exposure to plasma, the transmittance increases after doped samples exposure to plasma, it was found that the energy gap value decreased when doped samples exposure to plasma, also, thickn

A novel Schiff base (SB) ligand, abbreviated as HDMPM, resulted from the condensation of 2-amino-4-phenyl-5-methyl thiazole and 4-(diethylamino)salicyaldehyde, and its metal complexes with [Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II)] ions in high yield were formed. The physico-chemical techniques such as elemental analysis, molar conductance, IR, 1H and 13C NMR, mass spectroscopy, and electronic absorption studies were utilized to characterize the synthesized compounds. The studied compounds were examined for their possible anticancer activity against a number of human cancerous cell lines, including A549 lung carcinoma, HepG2 liver cancer, HCT116 colorectal cancer, and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines, with doxorubicin serving as the standard. The s

      Spray pyrolysis technique was subjected to synthesized (SnO2)1-x (TiO2: CuO) x Thin films on different substrates like glass and single crystal silicon using. The structure of the deposited films was studied using x-ray diffraction. A more pronounced diffraction peaks of SnO2 while no peaks of (CuO , TiO2 ) phase appear in the X-ray profiles by increasing of the content of (TiO2 , CuO) in the sprayed films. Mixing concentration (TiO2 , CuO) influences on the size of the crystallites of the SnO2 films ,the size of crystallites of the spray paralyzed oxide films change in regular manner by increasing of (TiO2 , CuO) amount. The effect of mixing concentration on the optical properties of the films was also investigated. The

This study investigates the influence of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) molarity (2 M, 4 M, and 6 M) on the structural, thermal, optical, and electrical properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/20% graphene oxide (GO) composite films. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a semi-crystalline nature for PVA, with characteristic peaks at 19.7 degrees and 42 degrees, and crystalline peaks for GO at 10.1 degrees and 39.8 degrees. The addition of H3PO4 to the PVA/GO composite resulted in the disappearance of GO crystalline peaks, suggesting reduced crystallinity. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed a reduction in both glass transition and melting temperatures as H3PO4 concentration increased. Pure PVA exhibited Tg and Tm values of 68.9 degrees C and 1

Blend solid polymer electrolytes (BSPEs) comprising PVA/HPMC/CuSO4 were prepared using a solution casting approach. BSPEs were synthesized with varying weight percentages of CuSO4 (0, 10, 20, and 30 wt.%). A variety of experimental methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), were used to characterize these BSPE systems. The polymer blend matrix underwent structural alterations, according to the XRD data. The standard data from JCPDS card numbers for copper sulfate matches well with the observed strong peaks of PVA/HPMC+20 wt.% of CuSO4 BSPE. The complex

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of 6 isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma harzianum and there combination against Fusarium tomato wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum F.sp. Lycopersisi under green house condition .The isolates of bacteria (B3) and Trichoderma (T1) were found to be highly effective in reducing the disease incidence to 13.3% , 21% respectively , compared to control treatment (40%).Furthermore, disease severity was reduced to 28 and 30% respectively in comparison to control (90%) .Colonization of the roots (cfu /g fresh root weight )by the two isolates whether alon or together was extremely high . The combination treatment had a high ability in reducing disease incidenece and sev

Two field experimسents were conducted in one of the fields of the Agriculture Division of Ain Al-Tamr /Holy Karbala Governorate at two sites of different textures during the agricultural season 2020/2021. The first site has sandy loam texture (gypsum soils). The second site has loamy sand texture (calcareous soils). The factors of the study included: The first factor included two types of soil, gypsum and calcareous soil. The second factor is the tillage systems (no-tillage, spring spike harrows, disc harrows, and mold board plow). The experiment was designed in the two study sites according to the RCBD with three replications. The Valley type center pivot irrigation system was evaluated before planting, three speeds, 30, 50 and 100% of th