Nanofluid
Carbon nanotube
Functionalization
Stability
Thermophysical properties
Beta-alanine
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In the present study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with outside diameters of< 8 nm and
20−30 nm were covalently functionalized with β-Alanine using a novel synthesis procedure. The functionalization
process was proved successful using Raman spectroscopy, FTIR, and TEM. Utilizing the two-step method
with ultrasonication, the MWCNTs treated with β-Alanine (Ala-MWCNTs) with weight concentrations of
0.025%, 0.05%, 0.075%, and 0.1% were dispersed in distilled water to prepare water-based nanofluids. The
aqueous colloidal dispersions of pristine MWCNTs were unstable. While for Ala-MWCNTs and after> 50 days
from preparation, higher colloidal stability was obtained up to relative concentration of 0.955 and 0.939 for the
0.075-wt% samp
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