Reducing costs and protecting the environment surrounding economic unity has become the concern of many economic units and shifting their ideas towards preserving resources and protecting the environment by adopting strategies and techniques that take into account when applied reducing production costs and protecting the environment, including these strategies and techniques, the technical costs of the product life cycle and the strategy of cleaner production, as the application of the two concepts in local economic units helps to try to keep up with the countries that work to keep up with the success of their economic units by following the concepts that have been successful in Developed countries by maintaining the sustainability of the resource and environmental balance by producing environmentally friendly products, therefore the study aimed to determine the costs of the product life cycle technology and help the economic unit to reduce these costs during its life cycle using the strategy of cleaner production and in order to help preserve the environment and reduce its pollution, and the researcher concluded that the use of technology costs the life cycle of the product provides important information for the purposes of correct pricing of products and for the purposes of cost management, because it includes a range of costs, namely direct costs, indirect costs, conditional costs, intangible costs and external costs, while the traditional method includes direct and indirect costs only, in addition to the fact that cleaner production is a strategy used by the economic unit for the purpose of preserving the environment of all forms of pollution that has negative effects on society, in addition to the optimal use of unit resources, which contributes to reducing costs and increasing profitability and recommended the researcher to focus economic units on the production of economic units on the production of Environmentally friendly products as they contribute to the provision of resources and energy and do not harm the environment during use and thus increase the competitive advantage of the economic unit, in addition to the interest of the economic unit in the pre-production phase if it wishes to develop its products to suit the wishes of customers and compete with similar products in the market as this stage represents the most important stage of the life cycle of the product as it leads to a reduction in the costs of the next two stages.
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Background: Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that mostly involves the spine and sacroiliac joints. It is associated with a decreased quality of life. Biological medicines such as infliximab and its biosimilar are the mainstay treatments for active ankylosing spondylitis.
Objective: The study objective was to conduct a pharmacoeconomic study comparing the cost-effectiveness of the reference infliximab with its biosimilar in ankylosing spondylitis patients visiting public hospitals.
Subjects and Method: This is a two-center pharmacoeconomic study performed at two large teaching governmental hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq, which s
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Dust storms are a natural phenomenon occurring in most areas of Iraq. In recent years, the study of this phenomenon has become important because of the danger caused by increasing desertification at the expense of the green cover as well as its impact on human health. In this study is important to devote the remote sensing of dust storms and its detection.Through this research, the dust storms can be detected in semi-arid areas, which are difficult to distinguish between these storms and desert areas. For the distinction between the dust storm pixels in the image with those that do not contain dust storm can be applied the Normalized Difference Dust Index (NDDI) and Brightness Temperature variation (BTV). MODIS sensors that carried
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The research involved a rapid, automated and highly accurate developed CFIA/MZ technique for estimation of phenylephrine hydrochloride (PHE) in pure, dosage forms and biological sample. This method is based on oxidative coupling reaction of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) with PHE in existence of sodium periodate as oxidizing agent in alkaline medium to form a red colored product at ʎmax )520 nm (. A flow rate of 4.3 mL.min-1 using distilled water as a carrier, the method of FIA proved to be as a sensitive and economic analytical tool for estimation of PHE.
Within the concentration range of 5-300 μg.mL-1, a calibration curve was rectilinear, where the detection limit was 3.252 μg.mL
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Objective: The study aimed to determine the sources and level of job stress experienced by nurses who were
working in intensive care units, and to find-out the relationship between work-related stress and some variables
such as age, gender, educational level, marital status, and years of experience in cardiac surgical intensive care
unit.
Metl]odo]ogy: A descriptive study was conducted on nurses working in the cardiosurgical intensive care units in
Baghdad hospitals. The study sample was selected purposively and consisted of (60) nurses who were working
in cardiosurgical intensive care units in Baghdad city (Ibm Al-Betar Hospital for Cardiac Surgery, Ibn A1-Nafis
Hospital for Cardiovascular Diseases, and the Iraqi Ce
Abstract
The researcher seeks, through different aspects of the search, to reach a set of objective concerning in content creation a clear vision about conceptual and practical dimension of relation and effects between (Leader-Member Exchange, and Organizational Commitment) to construct a framework of a pragmatic model as a solution to research problem and it questions. The theoretical problem is derived basically from the scarcity of Arab studies and researches that deal by study and analyses for such important of The two variables blend. The practical problem depends in deriving from reality of every day work in the Iraqi ministry of defense.
On this basis, a formula of research problem for pur
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Background: Oral diseases persist to be a major health problem all over the world. Various bacteria and fungi are found to be the possible pathogensresponsible for the oral diseases. Moringa oleifera it is an extraordinary nutritious vegetable tree with many different uses. These leaves have high medicinal value. In the present study, antibacterial and antifungal activities of aqueous extracts of plant Moringa oleifera in comparison to chlorohexidene gluconate and deionized water were determined. Materials and methods: The leaves of plant of Moringa oleifera were collected from College of Pharmacy; Baghdad, Iraq. Tested microorganism (bacterial and fungal) was isolated from different clinical specimens. In-vitroantimicrobial activity was pe
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