A joke is something that is said, written, or done to cause amusement or laughter. It could be a short piece or a long narrative joke, but either way it ends in a punchline, where the joke contains a second conflicting meaning. Sometimes when we read a joke, we understand it directly and fully, but this is not always the case. When a writer writes a joke, he intends to manipulate the reader in a way that the reader doesn’t get the joke at once. He does that by using pun on words or any other word play. We, as listeners to the joke, try to get the message depending mostly on the tone of the voice, in addition to other factors concerning vocabulary and grammar. But as readers of the joke, we need more other factors in order to get to the intended meaning of the joke. One of these important factors is punctuation. Punctuation is the use of certain signs which help understand a piece of writing. It is used to create clarity, sense, and stress in contexts, because using the correct punctuation helps us to convey our thoughts as we intend them to. So is the use of punctuation marks in writing a joke is essential in order to understand it? Or is it just helpful sometimes? What happens if the writer doesn’t use punctuation marks when writing the joke? Would this affect us in getting the meaning of the joke? In this study we try to answer these rising questions.
Our search is composed from a general introduction dealing with the legal translator definition and then the most important features of the legal text, followed by seven Glossaries concerned with the diagnosis of some of the most important errors of translation from Arabic to Russian and vice versa and the development of treatments and tools needed by the interpreter to give the exact equivalent of the text or term who face him, then the conclusion and list of sources . The legal translation foremost translation between two languages and two legal juridical we can speak about two different legal systems. This means that the legal term predetermined legal system that belongs to him that legal term, and it cannot be understood and therefore t
... Show MoreThe aim of this study is to investigate the role of prodigiosin on P. aeruginosa' s biofilm genes involved in the pathogenicity and persistency of the bacteria; Materials and methods: Gram negative bacterial isolates were taken from burn and wounds specimen obtained from some of Baghdad hospitals. Forty six isolates were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and four isolates as Serratia marcescens by using biochemical tests and VITEK 2 compact system. Susceptibility test was performed for all P. aeruginosa isolates, the results showed that 100% were resistant to Amikacin and 98% were sensitive to Meropenem. Resistant isolates were tested for biofilm formation; the strong and moderate isolates (17) were detected by PCR for AlgD gene
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Abstract Twelve isolates of bacteria were obtained from samples of different soils and water amended with 100µg/ml of five heavy metals chlorides (i.e: Aluminum Al+2, Iron Fe+2, Lead Pb+2, Mercury Hg+2 and Zinc Zn+2). Four isolates were identified as Bacillus subtilis and B. subtilis (B2) isolate was selected for this study according to their resistance to all five heavy metals chlorides. The ability of B. subtilis (B2) isolate for growing in different concentration of heavy metals chlorides ranging from 200-1200 µg/ml was tested. The highest conc. that B. subtilis (B2) isolate tolerate was 1000 µg/ml for Al+2, Fe+2, Pb+2, and Zn+2and 300 µg/ml for Hg+2 for 24hour. The effect of heavy metals chlorides on bacterial growth for 72 hrs was
... Show MoreSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies against nuclear antigens and a systemic inflammation that can damage a broad spectrum of organs. SLE patients suffer from a wide variety of symptoms, which can affect virtually almost any tissue. As lupus is difficult to diagnose, the worldwide prevalence of SLE can only be roughly estimated to range from 10 and 200 cases per 100,000 individuals with dramatic differences depending on gender, ethnicity, and location. Although the treatment of this disease has been significantly ameliorated by new therapies, improved conventional drug therapy options, and a trained expert eye, the underlying pathogenesis of lupus still
... Show MoreThe Target costing is an important modern techniques strategic managerial accounting.which is been shown active adoption to changes in contemporary business environments Inaddition,they had been adopted by the units as aresult of the growth in the strategic approach in the man agement..the goal of using target costing is to build and strengthen competitive abilities of economic units thvough introducing appropriate ways to decrease cost and improving quality of product The hypothesis reflects interest in achieving the goal of the research,ie.research question,The hypothesis use target costing to assist economic units to decrease cost and in the manner that leads to competitive advantages while surviving and flourishing in current busines
... Show MoreCinnamon plant is considered one of important medicinal plants because it is rich with many active compounds. This research is aimed to study possible effects of extract in culture media of Gardenia jasmenoides. Alcoholic extract was prepared from the bark of cinnamon at different concentrations (0.0, 1.0, 2.0) mg/L, then added to culture media to notice the effect of these concentrations on the growth and development of tissues and organs of Gardenia jasmenoides Ellis in vitro. Results showed the positive effect of increasing callus fresh weight and shoot proliferation from single nodes with presence of plant regulators, 5.0 mg/L Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 3.0 mg/L Benzyl adenine (BA). Results showed that extract has a slight eff
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This work consists of a numerical simulation to predict the velocity and temperature distributions, and an experimental work to visualize the air flow in a room model. The numerical work is based on non-isothermal, incompressible, three dimensional, k turbulence model, and solved using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) approach, involving finite volume technique to solve continuity, momentum and energy equations, that governs the room’s turbulent flow domain. The experimental study was performed using (1/5) scaled room model of the actual dimensions of the room to simulate room air flow and visualize the flow pattern using smoke generated from burnt herbs and collected in a smoke generator to delivered through
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ZnTe possesses the proper optoelectronic properties as a candidate for device development. The structure and optical properties of ZnTe semiconductor thin films of 500 nm were studied using thermal evaporation technique. The influence of annealing temperatures on ZnTe thin films in the range ( R.T - 473 K). XRD and surface morphological analyses are used to examine the films. The ZnTe films are comparatively polycrystalline and cubic in phase, according to the XRD analysis. with a lattice constant of 0.61 nm upon an (111) orientation. The intensities of all the peaks rapidly increase though they show the same tendencies; it shows the crystallinity of the films becomes higher crystal size diameters (from 8.41 to 12.18nm) both increas
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