Solar photovoltaic (PV) has many environmental benefits and it is considered to be a practical alternative to traditional energy generation. The electrical conversion efficiency of such systems is inherently limited due to the relatively high thermal resistance of the PV components. An approach for intensifying electrical and thermal production of air-type photovoltaic thermal (PVT) systems via applying a combination of fins and surface zigzags was proposed in this paper. This research study aims to apply three performance enhancers: case B, including internal fins; case C, back surface zigzags; and case D, combinations of fins and surface zigzags; whereas the baseline smooth duct represents case A. A 2D, steady-state simulation model that took into account the impact of the convective flow of air circulating inside the PVT system in addition to radiative and convective heat losses from the front PV surface was developed and validated via previous tests. The results revealed that, under the same volume requirements, the application of surface zigzags is preferred for airflow rates of 0.06 kg/s or less, whereas the introduction of fins is preferred for higher airflow rates. The results also revealed that, of the three cases considered, the introduction of the fin–surface zigzag combination is the most effective and has the potential to improve the electrical and thermal efficiency by ~26% and 3%, respectively.
That researchers in the play Science Find a theatrical form of an experimental creative, and these experiences taken from the innovation space aesthetic dialogue with the receiver, especially since with previous theatrical experience and is an extension of her, because the interactive theater theatrical terms that assume a pattern do from the depth of the relationship between supply playwright and the audience, which alters the receiving skills actually change, and to monitor these differing divided into three classes that include research, methodological framework (Chapter I) and includes, research problem, the importance of research and the need to him, the goal of the research, the limits Find it border, and the theoretical framework
... Show MoreThe most important topics that constitute the aesthetic and substantive aspect of the theatrical performance represented by the spatial environment of the presentation and the proposed virtual place that contains the technical and artistic elements of the presentation and highlights the strength of influence on it. In light of the above, the researchers divided the topic into four chapters.
The first chapter contained (the methodological framework), which included the research problem with regard to the directing treatments between the directors in establishing or creating theatrical venue, the importance of the research and the aim of the research, and the limits of the research to conclude the chapter by defining the terms.
... Show MoreMany studies have evaluated the effect of platelet rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of non-union fractures but few studies have investigated their effect on the union of femoral neck fractures or their functional outcome in young adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate the union time and functional outcome in young adult patients with femoral neck fracture managed by three cannulated screws injected with PRP and those managed by fixation only. This prospective study included 24 patients diagnosed with femoral neck fractures within 24 hours of presentation. Twelve cases in group A were managed by closed reduction and three cannulated screws fixation injected with PRP; twelve patients in group B were managed only by closed reduction a
... Show More(1) Background: Plant flavonoids are efficient in preventing and treating various diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of hesperidin, a flavonoid found in citrus fruits, in inhibiting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammation, which induced lethal toxicity in vivo, and to evaluate its importance as an antitumor agent in breast cancer. The in vivo experiments revealed the protective effects of hesperidin against the negative LPS effects on the liver and spleen of male mice. (2) Methods: In the liver, the antioxidant activity was measured by estimating the concentration of glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT), whereas in spleen, the concentration of cytokines including IL-33 and TNF-α was measured. The in vitro expe
... Show MoreThe solidification process in a multi-tube latent heat energy system is affected by the natural convection and the arrangement of heat exchanger tubes, which changes the buoyancy effect as well. In the current work, the effect of the arrangement of the tubes in a multi-tube heat exchanger was examined during the solidification process with the focus on the natural convection effects inside the phase change material (PCM). The behavior of the system was numerically analyzed using liquid fraction and energy released, as well as temperature, velocity and streamline profiles for different studied cases. The arrangement of the tubes, considering seven pipes in the symmetrical condition, are assumed at different positions in the system, i
... Show Moren-Hexane conversion enhancement was studied by adding TCE (Trichloro-ethylene) on feed stream using 0.3%Pt/HY zeolite catalyst. All experiments were achieved at atmospheric pressure and on a continuous laboratory unit with a fixed bed reactor at a temperature range 240-270◦C, LHSV 1-3h-1, H2/nC6 mole ratio 1-4.
By adding 435 ppm of TCE, 49.5 mole% conversion was achieved at LHSV 1h-1, temperature of 270ºC and H2/nC6 mole ratio of 4, while the conversion was 18.3 mol% on the same catalyst without adding TCE at the same conditions. The activation energy decreased from 98.18 for pure Pt/HY zeolite to 82.83 kJ/mole by adding TCE. Beside enhancement the activity, selectivity and product distribution enhanced by providing DMB (Dimethyl b
In this paper, a microcontroller-based electronic circuit have been designed and implemented for dental curing system using 8-bit MCS-51 microcontroller. Also a new control card is designed while considering advantages of microcontroller systems the time of curing was controlled automatically by preset values which were input from a push-button switch. An ignition based on PWM technique was used to reduce the high starting current needed for the halogen lamp. This paper and through the test result will show a good performance of the proposed system.
The research explores through its three parts, to search for the unconscious and the collective unconscious in order to identify the per-formative stimuli and motives and their motivation to produce a performance that is consistent with the metaphysics of the myth or the epic and its different characters from other human characters. The paper also explores in its second section a sort of sacred performance energy. Together, along with motivating the mind and engaging the subconscious, comes a metaphysical text and with its characters and epic events.
This study investigated the application of the crystallization process for oilfield produced water from the East Baghdad oilfield affiliated to the Midland Oil Company (Iraq). Zero liquid discharge system (ZLD) consists of several parts such as oil skimming, coagulation/flocculation, forward osmosis, and crystallization, the crystallization process is a final part of a zero liquid discharge system. The laboratory-scale simple evaporation system was used to evaluate the performance of the crystallization process. In this work, sodium chloride solution and East Baghdad oilfield produced water were used as a feed solution with a concentration of 177 and 220 g/l. The impact of temperature (70, 80, and 90 °C), mixing speed (300, 400, and 500 rp
... Show More