The notion of presupposition has been tackled by many linguists. They have found that the term ―presupposition” is being used in two different senses in the literature: semantic and pragmatic. As for semantic sense, Geurts (1999) has isolated some constrictions as sources of presupposition by making lists of presupposition triggers. Concerning the pragmatic sense Kennan (1971:89) uses the term pragmatic presupposition to refer to a class of pragmatic inferences which are, in fact, the relation between a speaker and the appropriateness of a sentence in the context. In spite of the fact that there are many researches that have been done in the field of presupposition but few of them in the field of short stories up to the researcher's knowledge therefore, the study of this story bridges this gap. It is hypothesized that Edgar Allen Poe has dealt in some way with triggers of presupposition to analyze Poe's short story "The Black cat". The researcher will adopt Geurts (1999) model of presupposition analysis to study these triggers. The analysis of this story has shown that Poe heavily depends on Definite descriptions have ranked first scoring one hundred ninety two occurance, this means that this trigger has effect on the story. The second trigger Non-restrictive clauses scored thirty nine and the third rank has been occupied by Adverbial clauses that reoccurred twenty two times in the studied example. The fourth rank has been for Comparative expression which occurred twelve times. The fifth rank is taken for iteratives which reoccurred six times. The sixth ranked are factice items are occurred four times. Counter factual conditional occurs twice. Counter factual verbs occurs twice, Cleft constructions, and Conventional items (1) but implicative verbs, change of state verbs, Verbs of judging, Wh-questions have no scored in the short story. This research comes to the conclusion that one of the problems in assessing the nature of presupposition in linguistics is that there is no one concept of presupposition, but several different triggers, all of which have been related to the word of presupposition
Abstract
Social media has thrived recently and public organizations at Thi-Qar governorate across different levels are experimenting with launching government social media (GSM) to facilitating two-way interactions between the government and its citizens. Both scholars and practitioners are focusing on understanding the key success factors related to the create of GSM. This study aimed to identify the key success factors by exploring the formation mechanism of individuals’ continuous usage intention. Through the theoretical perspective of the uses and gratifications theory. We identify the gratification factors that stimulate users’ continuance intention toward GSM. Furthermore, we draw upon the stimulus–organism–
... Show MoreThe current study aimed to identify the role of the theatrical technical supervisor in developing and enhancing the skills of middle school students in Baghdad. The sample consisted of 73% of the original community of theatrical technical supervisors, randomly selected from those working in the first, second, and third educational directorates in the Rassafa and Karkh areas. The sample size was 32 theatrical technical supervisors. The study used a questionnaire to collect data on three axes: the cognitive skills developed by the theatrical technical supervisor, the voice and speech skills developed by the supervisor, and the body movement skills developed by the supervisor. The results showed that the theatrical technical supervisor play
... Show MoreEnvironment suffered in recent years a large corrupting by human; and because of his ignorance of the dimensions of Caliphate in the ground and ignore what it means gearing. The gearing is that the son of Adam, which will benefit the board of Allah Almighty to him in the land of the causes of life, without exaggeration or negligence and without prejudice to the cosmic Balnoames enacted by the Almighty Creator, has urged verses of the Quran Muslim to preserve and protect the environment which is a religious duty, as it showed a great verses he is the author and the splendor and beauty of workmanship and manufacturer greatness of the Almighty, who created all things beautiful.
Koran played a major role in the consolidation of environmen
Homosexuality is one of the important topics that have emerged in recent times in the Islamic and Arab world, as the topic was in the past one of the taboos and majorities and one of the topics that arouse disgust and is talked about secretly and practiced secretly as well.But today, with international and organizational support for this anomaly and its misrepresentation under the name of gender once again and gender again. It began to spread in all countries of the world, including Islamic and Arab countries, and with the presence of associations and influential people in the legislative and judicial authorities of countries that protect and defend homosexuals. Writing on this subject has become a necessity and a duty; to warn against the
... Show MoreReceipt date:3/13/2021 accepted date:5/26/2021 Publication date:12/31/2021
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energy is one of the strategic resources within international politics, and this is through the existing competition between the international powers on it, and the global powers have begun to rely on interest in new areas, such as import, depending on new projects an
... Show MoreThis study is concerned with revealing the semiotics of thresholds, and its role in building textual coherence at the form and semantic level in Sunset Garden Diwan of the Saudi poet Ghazi Al-Qasaibi. This research aims to spotlight on the semiotic theme of the title threshold and its relation to other thresholds. As the death phenomenon and absence dominated the poetic achievement space through intertwined semiotic relationships that lead to each other through the parallel text semiotics.This study is based on the semiotic method which concerns with searching for the interpretive connotations and revealing the profound symbols in the threshold structure and its role in the whole formation of the Diwan. Among the most prominent conclusio
... Show MoreThe research investigates the physical characteristics of the Euphrates River water in the Abu Ghraib district, where the river flows southwest, demarcating it from Anbar Governorate. Geographically, the area lies between latitudes 33°8'40" - 33°15'23" N and longitudes 43°50'21" - 44°1'24" E. The study is based on fieldwork and laboratory analyses aimed at detecting pollution by analysing four physical parameters during summer and winter. These physical properties include water temperature, turbidity, dissolved solids, and electrical conductivity. To elucidate pollution levels, the study area was divided into ten sites along the river. By examining pollution indicators through samples taken from these sites and comparing them to
... Show MoreThe study of topography most important studies and depth of any literary or artistic text and occupy the thinking of many who work in art at generally. There is hardly any film scenario from description in general of the indispensable elements of the composition and place one. So the place starts form since the scriptwriter begins to view the result of the description begins to feature the emergence of there are simple operations in the scenario soon to receive growth as a final achievement in the film. The description of the place begins to take on an allegorical character as a language version in the script, soon translated into another language, the language of the picture. Which in turn complement the creative ring of cinematic art a
... Show MoreThis research aims to clarify the role of Iraqi nature in the style of the artist Ayath Al-Doori. Through it, the spotlight was shed on the aesthetic of Iraqi nature, its importance and its relationship to art, and its pioneering role in the style of the Doori artist. The research included two axes: the theoretical axis and the applied axis. The first theoretical axis deals with two topics: The first topic: the aesthetic of Iraqi nature as part of the life and methods of Iraqi artists from ancient times until today, including the periodic artist. The second topic: the league artist touched on the private life of the league artist. As for the second (applied) axis, it includes the research community, the research sample models, the resear
... Show MoreAbstract:
Interest in the topic of prediction has increased in recent years and appeared modern methods such as Artificial Neural Networks models, if these methods are able to learn and adapt self with any model, and does not require assumptions on the nature of the time series. On the other hand, the methods currently used to predict the classic method such as Box-Jenkins may be difficult to diagnose chain and modeling because they assume strict conditions.
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