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Analyzing and Measuring the Relationship between Public Spending and the Parallel Exchange Rate in the Iraqi Economy for the Period 2004-2022
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Public spending represents the government’s financial leverage and has a significant impact on real and monetary economic variables, and one of these effects is the effect of public spending on the exchange rate as an important monetary variable for monetary policy, As we know that public spending in Iraq is financed from oil revenues sold in US dollars, and the Ministry of Finance converts the US dollar into Iraqi dinars to finance the government's need to spend within the requirements and obligations of the state's general budget, And converting the US dollar into Iraqi dinars has an impact on the parallel exchange market, even if there is a contractual exchange rate between the Ministry of Finance and the Central Bank of Iraq to convert the budget dollar into Iraqi dinars. However, the impact of public spending on reserves makes financial shocks have a significant impact on the exchange rate. The researcher believes that there is a reciprocal relationship between the effect of public spending on the exchange rate and the impact of the exchange rate on public spending because the conversion compass between the dollar and the dinar leaves great effects on public spending in the state’s general budget, and this is what the researcher achieved by using modern standard software to discover the nature of the relationship between public spending and the price of Exchange in the parallel market with realistic monthly data taken from the official website of the Central Bank of Iraq.

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 05 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Impact of Dialect Difference in Multifaceted Grammatical Rules
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Among the issues that preoccupied ancient and modern grammarians is the phenomenon of grammatical disagreement among grammarians and their differences in many grammatical issues that many of them go back to the phenomenon of dialectical difference, so this filled our thinking with a lot of things that led us to look at the side of the reasons for this grammatical difference, and here lies the significance of research to know that it is a linguistic phenomenon dealing with the living language used among the Arabs and linguistic phenomena that reflect linguistic reality as well. Thus our chagrin determination in research and investigation in this issue is the scarcity of dialectical studies at the compositional grammar side, and the lack o

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 13 2020
Journal Name
Biochem. Cell. Arch
MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE TONGUE IN MONGOOSE (HERPESTES JAVANICUS)
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The aim of the current study is to identify the morphological description of the tongue in mongoose (Herpestes javanicus) and its relation to the feeding pattern. For this purpose the (5) samples of tongues were dissected from the head of mongoosecaught from different areas of Al-Najaf province, cleaned in normal saline and examined under the dissecting microscope. The results showed the absence of the middle groove in the lingual apex area. As well as the absence of lingual prominence in the body area. The dorsal surface is characterized by the presence of four types from lingual papillae (filiform, cylindrical, fungiform, circumvallate), while the ventral surface is free of lingual papillae. The filiform papillae spread throughout the dor

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 30 2020
Journal Name
Industrial Engineering & Management Systems
Economic Analysis of the Financial Literacy Effects in G20
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ABSTRACT this paper extends the literature on the elements and effect of financial literacy by investigating the elements of financial literacy and the impact of financial literacy on financial inclusion and savings. This research confirms the results of researches of other economies but exposes some dissimilarities as well. The principal factors of financial literacy are discovered to be government efficiency, educational level, income, economic performance and infrastructure. Both education levels and financial literacy are found to be meaningfully and positively linked to financial inclusion and savings in G20 economies

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 10 2017
Journal Name
Al-academy
Structural Systems In The Design Of World Magazine Covers
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The design of the Graphic has recently taken a great variety in the curricula and design methods that have led to its applications for career advancement and aesthetic quality. This is due to the communicative role that it plays in the movement of human beings and their aspirations. Among these applications are the designs of magazine covers in different variations. The design of the cover is based on a structural system that requires awareness and skill from the designer, especially since the organizational structure in the design of the envelope is limited in both vocabulary and space, and in the neighborhood Many have the image of sovereignty and sometimes the other head line, and can lead color values ​​are other.

In all

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 23 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison Bayes Estimators of Reliability in the Exponential Distribution
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Abstract

           We produced a study in Estimation for Reliability of the Exponential distribution based on the Bayesian approach. These estimates are derived using Bayesian approaches. In the Bayesian approach, the parameter of the Exponential distribution is assumed to be random variable .we derived bayes estimators of reliability under four types when the prior distribution for the scale parameter of the Exponential distribution is: Inverse Chi-squar

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Publication Date
Wed May 17 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Comparison of the Combining Methods Used In Space Diversity
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The basic concept of diversity; where two or more inputs at the receiver are used to get uncorrelated signals. The aim of this paper is an attempt to compare some possible combinations of diversity reception and MLSE detection techniques. Various diversity combining techniques can be distinguished: Equal Gain Combining (EGC), Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC), Selection Combining and Selection Switching Combining (SS).The simulation results shows that the MRC give better performance than the other types of combining (about 1 dB compare with EGC and 2.5~3 dB compare with selection and selection switching combining).

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 30 2014
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
The Role of Interleukine-33 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
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The inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are heterogenous chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. The most widely accepted etiopathogenic hypothesis for these disorders suggests an immune mediated process.
Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the role of interleukine-33 in pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease and to correlate their levels with the disease activity and/or severity.
Methods: Fifty five subjects with inflammatory bowel disease (41 ulcerative colitis patients and 14 Crohn’s disease patients) their ages range from 16-65 years and 25 apparently healthy volunteers their ages and sexes were matched with the patients were participated i

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 29 2021
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Philosophical Visions in the poetry of Abu Fath Basti
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of the research is one of the poetic purposes that expresses the philosophy of the intellectual poet who experienced life and learned the tendencies and the gulf of the human soul and the fact that an intellectual attitude towards them, intensified within the poems do not need to be frequently narrated and elaborated, but based on the few words in the rich meanings and expressed the point of view he wanted to convey to the recipient without taking the position of disorientation and retreat to himself expressing his rejection of this reality, but faced this reality different manifestations and reflections and the conditions of human beings in it detailed His opinion is constructive criticism, and accurate observations reveal the culture o

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 01 2008
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Enforcing Wiener Filter in the Iterative Blind Restoration Algorithm
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A new blind restoration algorithm is presented and shows high quality restoration. This
is done by enforcing Wiener filtering approach in the Fourier domains of the image and the
psf environments

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The possibility of achieving sustainable agricultural development in Iraq
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Purpose – The research aims to introduce sustainable agricultural development and the possibility of its application in the Iraqi agricultural sector by setting a proposed plan by which to overcome obstacles and then advance the reality of the agricultural sector in Iraq and the fact that the process of achieving agricultural development in the Iraqi agricultural sector today has become more sophisticated and more distant than before. The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach based on the principles of economic theory to clarify the shortcomings in the process of harmony between the three main elements of sustainable agricultural development, which are natural, social, and manufactured.

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