After the fall of the Soviet Union, a number of Eastern Bloc countries and Soviet republics have witnessed political transition. However, Turkmenistan, as one of the former Soviet republics, succeeded to preserve the authoritarian nature of the former Soviet regime. This study seeks to answer a number of research questions, the most prominent of which are: How were the political elite in Turkmenistan able to preserve the legacy of the Soviet policy based on centralization of power and individual rule?. The study reaches a set of conclusions, the most important of which are:

1-The roots of the tyranny in Turkmenistan are du to internal and external structural factors. The most important of which are: the former Soviet policies of m

There is no doubt that complexities and ambiguities exist in the human minds. The need to unravel and solve those mysteries and the foggy actualities of life’s existence has been one of Paulo Coelho’s (1947-present) biggest concern. In almost all his novels, Coelho shows how people should dig deep into the mysteries of life in order to find a true understanding to their existence. In doing so, a true kind of enlightenment and purification is reached and the quest for self-discovery or self-realization is attained.

    The paper tackles one of Paulo Coelho’s novels Aleph (2011) which is considered as an autobiographical reading to signify the connection between himself and God. It was a phase

     يتركز محور مشكلة البحث الحالي حول مفاهيم أساسية تعكس مكامن القوة في الشخصية الإنسانية وما لها من دور مؤثر على الواقع النفسي والمادي للفرد عموماً وهذه المفاهيم هي صلابة الشخصية، وتقدير الذات,ويتحدد مفهوم الصلابة من خلال مظاهر الشخصية وأسلوبها الذي تتميز به في التعامل مع الواقع وكيفية إدراكها وما تتمتع به من خبرات نفسية وتجارب حياتية داخلية تعكس مدى الوعي بالمستجدات الموقفية التي تصادفها

Abstract
Objectives: this study aims to: (1). Assess self-esteem level and academic achievement for students of nursing colleges in southern Iraq. (2). Determine the relationship between levels of self-esteem and academic achievement of the student in the first semester. (3). Identify differences of self-esteem with gender and different age groups.
Methodology: a sample of (426 students) was purposively selected then collected by using a questionnaire which consisted of: I- Sociodemographic characteristics for assessing some important aspects of students, II- Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) III- Iraq Grading Scale for assessing student achievement. Finally statistical analysis (SPSS) for data processing.
Results: study resu

The present paper aims at investigating the linguistic image portrayed by UNICEF reports on the Iraqi child from a critical discourse analysis perspective during Covid19 pandemic (2020). The paper attempts to fill a gap in research literature concerning the linguistic construction of the Iraqi child by the UNICEF reports during the critical health crisis of Covid19. Van  Leeuwen’s (2008) approach of social actor representation has been adopted for this purpose. From Van  Leeuwen’s approach, the category of determination (single determination and overdetermination) has been selected to be the main analytical tool for its high compatibility with the set of objectives put forward to figure out how such a globally effective and

هدف البحث إلى الکشف عن العلاقة بين الصحة النفسية وتقدير الذات لدى أطفال الشوارع، تألفت عينة البحث من (50) طفلاَ وطفلة، وتم تطبيق مقياسا البحث - مقياس الصحة النفسية ومقياس تقدير الذات وهما (من إعداد الباحثة)، وقد اسفرت نتائج البحث عن إن أطفال الشوارع اظهروا مستوى منخفض في الصحة النفسية وکذلک الحال بالنسبة لتقدير الذات، فضلاً عن وجود علاقة ارتباطية موجبة دالة إحصائيا بين الصحة النفسية وتقدير الذات. وفي ضوء نتائج

The recent study aimed to identify the level of Self- Esteem and its relation to some variables (Gender, Experience years, and Educational stage) among psychologists in schools of the Sultanate of Oman. The study sample consisted of (154) psychologists of both male and female who are working in different stages of study in the schools affiliated to the Ministry of Education in the Sultanate of Oman. The sample of the study consisted of (43) male and (111) female psychologists from (11) governorates of the Sultanate. The descriptive analytical methodology was used. In order to collect data the Self-Esteem questionnaire prepared by the researcher were used. Statistical processing was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (

This study aims to find out the effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral counseling program in enhancing self-management in reducing the academic procrastination of tenth-grade male students. The sample consisted of (26) male students divided into an experimental group of (13) students and a control group of (13) students. Two scales of self-management and academic procrastination were used, prepared by the researcher. The counseling program was prepared by the researcher. The results showed the program's effectiveness in enhancing self-management and reducing academic procrastination in the posttest, as it showed the continuation of this enhancement in self-management and the increase in the reduction of procrastination in the follow-up

   The study aims to test the relationship of work pressure to its dimensions (role conflict, ambiguity of role, workload and nature of work) as an independent variable and its effect on organizational alienation by its dimensions (disability, lack of power, indifference, animosity, social isolation and self-alienation) (Restraint and confidence in negation, initiative, adaptation and living conscience) as a mediator variable, in some faculties of Baghdad University of Science (Medicine and Engineering) and Humanity (Education and Literature). The data was collected on the practical side, which was applied randomly (306) of the teachers and teachers of the colleges (56) items, which included the main research variables

The study aimed to identify the psychological counseling skills and the strength of the ego in the educational counselors, and to identify the relationship of statistical significance between the psychological counseling skills and the strength of the ego in the educational counselors, and to identify the differences of statistical significance in the relationship between psychological counseling skills and the strength of the ego in the guides according to the gender variable(male, Females), the number of sample (100) guides, including (50) males and (50) females from the area of ​​Atifiya and Qadissiya and Ameriya in the Directorate of Education Karkh / 1, the researcher adopted a scale of psychological counseling skills prepared b