Visible Light Communication (VLC) has emerged as a powerful technique for wireless communication systems. Providing high data rate and increasing capacity are the major problems in VLC. Recent evidence suggests that Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technique can offers improved data rates and increased link range. This paper describes the design and implementation of visible light communication system in indoor environment exploring the benefits of MIMO. The specific objective of this research was to implement a 4× 4 Multiple Input (LEDs) Multiple Output (photodetectors)-VLC communication system, where a 16 white power LEDs in four arrays are setting up at transmitter and four RX modules are setting up at receiver side without the need for additional power or bandwidth as well as analyze a mathematical model for a VLC-× 4 MIMO with different modes such as the suitable angles to cover the entire room. The research designs practically an electronic circuit for the transmitter and receiver with inexpensive components. The power distribution of different propagation modes is calculated for Single Input Single Output (SISO) and MIMO channels in typical room dimensions. The results in this paper indicate that the power is distributed uniformly for entire room when implemented VLC-MIMO as compared to VLC-SISO. Furthermore, a 4× 4 MIMO implementing VLC is compared in term of BER vs. SINR with SISO communication system for both Line of Sight (LOS) and Non Line of Sight (NLOS) propagation modes. Comparing the two results of LOS and NLOS, it can be seen that a 4× 4 MIMO implementing VLC for LOS perform better …
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... Show MoreThe research aims to shed light on the obstacles that hinder the use of taxpayers' commercial books covered by provisions of the amended commercial book-keeping system No. 2 of 1985 and ways to address these obstacles. On this basis, the main null hypothesis was formulated that there is no statistically significant relationship between the obstacles to the adoption of the commercial books and taxable income.
The research data were collected on the base of three applied case studies of registered taxpayers in the General Commission of Taxes, GCT, together with the use of a questionnaire distributed to a sample of taxpayers ( companies ). The collected data were analyzed, the result were presented and the hypothesis was
... Show MoreBackground: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system of unknown etiology. Different techniques and magnetic resonance image sequences are widely used and compared to each other to improve the detection of multiple sclerosis lesions in the spinal cord. Objective: To evaluate the ability of MRI short tau inversion recovery sequences in improvementof multiple sclerosis spinal cord lesion detection when compared to T2 weighted image sequences. Type of the study: A retrospective study. Methods: this study conducted from 15thAugust 2013 to 30thJune 2014 at Baghdad teaching hospital. 22 clinically definite MS patients with clinical features suggestive of spinal cord involvement,
... Show MoreMotives for public exposure to specialized sports satellite channels and the gratifications achieved about it - Research presented by (Dr. Dr. Laila Ali Jumaa), Imam Al-Kadhim College (peace be upon him) - Department of Information-2021.
The research aims to know the extent of public exposure to specialized sports satellite channels, and what gratifications are achieved from them, and to reach scientific results that give an accurate description of exposure, motives and gratifications verified by that exposure, and the research objectives are summarized in the following:
- Revealing the habits and patterns of public exposure to specialized sports satelli
هدف البحث إلى التعرف على مستوى الثقافة الغذائية الرياضية لدى عدائي مسافات ركض (400 و800) و(400) متر حواجز الشباب، والتعرف على العلاقة وإسهام وأثر الثقافة الغذائية الرياضية ببعض المؤشرات البيوكيميائية لدى عدائي مسافات ركض (400 و800) و(400) متر حواجز الشباب، أعتمد المنهج الوصفي بأسلوب العلاقات الإرتباطية، و تمثلت حدود مجتمع البحث بالعدائين الشباب لفعاليات ركض (400 و800) و(400) متر حواجز، يمثلون لاعبي الأندية العراقية الب
... Show MoreThe present research aims to test the effect of cognitive complexity as an independent variable in organizational agility as a responsive variable among the leaders working at the headquarters of the Iraqi Petroleum Products Distribution Company.
To conclude a number of recommendations that contribute in the organizational agility in the company, and due to the importance of this research in public organizations and its notable role in community organizations. The research was carried out on a random sample of 101 individuals out of a total of 308, which represents the high leaders in the company (general managers, head of departments, and division officials). A questionnaire was used as information
... Show MoreLos nombres propios nombran a un ser o a un objeto, distinguiéndolo de los demás seres de su misma clase, se escriben siempre con letra mayúscula a principio de palabra. Los lingüistas hacen mayor hincapié en las divergencias de referencia, entre nombres propios y nombres comunes. Así, suele decirse que el sustantivo propio no tiene como referente ningún concepto. El asunto de la traducción de los nombres propios parecería una cuestión de gusto personal del traductor pero vemos también que en algunas épocas es más frecuente traducirlos, y en otras, por el contrario, se prefiere dejar esos nombres en su forma original, tal vez con algunas adaptaciones ortográficas. Parecería entonces cuestión de modas. Pero, eviden
... Show MoreThe problem of research was the lack of research that dealt with issue of the organizational environment, job design approach that is more suitable for knowledge work, therefore, the research aims to determine the impact of quality of working life and job enrichment on knowledge capital, starting from the hypothesis that there significant impact of quality of working life and job enrichment on knowledge capital, to achieve this goal the researcher from the theoretical literature and related studies conclude to the construction of the scheme shows the hypothetical relationship between the variables, which was adopted quality of working life and job enrichment as independent variable while knowl
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