Stemming is a pre-processing step in Text mining applications as well as it is very important in most of the Information Retrieval systems. The goal of stemming is to reduce different grammatical forms of a word and sometimes derivationally related forms of a word to a common base (root or stem) form like reducing noun, adjective, verb, adverb etc. to its base form. The stem needs not to be identical to the morphological root of the word; it is usually sufficient that related words map to the same stem, even if this stem is not in itself a valid root. As in other languages; there is a need for an effective stemming algorithm for the indexing and retrieval of Arabic documents while the Arabic stemming algorithms are not widely available.

he Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing is a promising technology for the Next Generation Networks. This technique was selected because of the flexibility for the various parameters, high spectral efficiency, and immunity to ISI. The OFDM technique suffers from significant digital signal processing, especially inside the Inverse/ Fast Fourier Transform IFFT/FFT. This part is used to perform the orthogonality/De-orthogonality between the subcarriers which the important part of the OFDM system. Therefore, it is important to understand the parameter effects on the increase or to decrease the FPGA power consumption for the IFFT/FFT. This thesis is focusing on the FPGA power consumption of the IFFT/FFT uses in the OFDM system. This researc

In this paper, the generation of a chaotic carrier by Lorenz model
is theoretically studied. The encoding techniques has been used is
chaos masking of sinusoidal signal (massage), an optical chaotic
communications system for different receiver configurations is
evaluated. It is proved that chaotic carriers allow the successful
encoding and decoding of messages. Focusing on the effect of
changing the initial conditions of the states of our dynamical system
e.i changing the values (x, y, z, x1, y1, and z1).

Many studies have been published to address the growing issues in wireless communication systems. Space-Time Block Coding (STBC) is an effective and practical MIMO-OFDM application that can address such issues. It is a powerful tool for increasing wireless performance by coding data symbols and transmitting diversity using several antennas. The most significant challenge is to recover the transmitted signal through a time-varying multipath fading channel and obtain a precise channel estimation to recover the transmitted information symbols. This work considers different pilot patterns for channel estimation and equalization in MIMO-OFDM systems. The pilot patterns fall under two general types: comb and block types, with

     The research aimed to study the vaccination efficiency against the emerging virus SARS-CoV-2, which includes Pfizer, AstraZeneca and Sinopharm vaccines that  are  used exclusively in Iraq, by measuring the level of immune cells CD4⁺ as well as vitamin D3 using ELISA technology. Taking  serums  were taken from vaccinated individuals: 20 uninfected before individuals who got a vaccination and 20 people with prior infections who had the vaccine (for each type of the three vaccines). Samples were collected 21 days following the second dose as well as 3 to 6 months thereafter. The results showed that the most effective vaccine was AstraZeneca  and  the results of T-cells were the highest compared to Pfizer and Sinop

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease that ranges from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). So far, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we show that hepatic carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) is markedly reduced in NASH patients, diabetic db/db mice, and high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed mice. Restoration of hepatic CES2 expression in db/db or HFD‐fed mice markedly ameliorates liver steatosis and insulin resistance. In contrast, knockdown of hepatic CES2 causes liver steatosis and damage in chow‐ or Western diet‐fe

In the framework of correlation method so-called coherent density fluctuation model (CDFM) the nucleon momentum distributions (NMD) of the ground state for some even mass nuclei of fp-shell like 50Cr, 52Cr and 54Cr isotopes are examined. Nucleon momentum distributions are expressed in terms of the fluctuation function (|f(x)|2) which is evaluated by means of the nucleon density distributions (NDD) of the nuclei and determined from theory and experiment. The main characteristic feature of the NMD obtained by CDFM is the existence of high-momentum components, for momenta k ≥ 2 fm−1. For completeness, also elastic electron scattering form factors, F(q) are evaluated within the same framework.