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Optical Power Distributions for 4×4 MIMO Visible Light Communications in Indoor Environment
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Visible Light Communication (VLC) has emerged as a powerful technique for wireless communication systems. Providing high data rate and increasing capacity are the major problems in VLC. Recent evidence suggests that Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technique can offers improved data rates and increased link range. This paper describes the design and implementation of visible light communication system in indoor environment exploring the benefits of MIMO. The specific objective of this research was to implement a 4× 4 Multiple Input (LEDs) Multiple Output (photodetectors)-VLC communication system, where a 16 white power LEDs in four arrays are setting up at transmitter and four RX modules are setting up at receiver side without the need for additional power or bandwidth as well as analyze a mathematical model for a VLC-× 4 MIMO with different modes such as the suitable angles to cover the entire room. The research designs practically an electronic circuit for the transmitter and receiver with inexpensive components. The power distribution of different propagation modes is calculated for Single Input Single Output (SISO) and MIMO channels in typical room dimensions. The results in this paper indicate that the power is distributed uniformly for entire room when implemented VLC-MIMO as compared to VLC-SISO. Furthermore, a 4× 4 MIMO implementing VLC is compared in term of BER vs. SINR with SISO communication system for both Line of Sight (LOS) and Non Line of Sight (NLOS) propagation modes. Comparing the two results of LOS and NLOS, it can be seen that a 4× 4 MIMO implementing VLC for LOS perform better …

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 02 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Improving Voltage Stability in Kurdistan Power System in Areas with Deficit Power Production by Rescheduling the Active Power Based on PSS/E Simulation
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This paper aims to improve the voltage profile using the Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) in the power system in the Kurdistan Region for all weak buses. Power System Simulation studied it for Engineers (PSS\E) software version 33.0 to apply the Newton-Raphson (NR) method. All bus voltages were recorded and compared with the Kurdistan region grid index (0.95≤V ≤1.05), simulating the power system and finding the optimal size and suitable location of Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM)for bus voltage improvement at the weakest buses. It shows that Soran and New Koya substations are the best placement for adding STATCOM with the sizes 20 MVAR and 40 MVAR. After adding STATCOM with the sizes [20MVAR and 40MV

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 17 2023
Journal Name
Revista De Gestão Social E Ambiental
Complete Street as a Key for Urban Environment Development
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Purpose: The concept of complete street is one of the modern trends concerned with diversifying means of transportation and reducing the disadvantages of mechanical transportation modes. This paper discusses the role of complete streets can play in developing the urban environment in the Alyarmok District of Baghdad.   Method/design/approach: The linear regression method used to analyze the opinions of 100 respondents surveyed in the study area in order to find the relationship between the urban environment and the complete street elements.   Theoretical framework: The Modern trends in urban planning aim to find alternatives to the policies of traditional transportation planning that focus on vehicular mobi

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The philosophy of Total Quality Management for the environment
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The Environmental Management System (EMS) is an important foundation for effective control of the organization's outstanding environmental performance. It applies standards for substantive review and provides a structure and a way to apply it in all aspects of th
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 05 2017
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis of Some Mixed ligands Complexes of (2-hydroxy benzaldine)-4-amino Antipyrine and 1,10-phenanthroline and Studying their antibacterial activity
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Complexes from the ligand (2-hydroxy benzaldine)-4-aminoantipyrine with some transition metal ions V(l?),Cr(lll),Fe(lll) and Co(ll) were prepared in the presence of the co-ligand 1,10-phenanthroline in alcoholic medium. These compounds were characterized by the available techniques: FT-IR ,UV-Visible ,magnetic susceptibility, Flame atomic absorption technique as well as elemental analysis and conductivity mesurments .From these spectral studies, a square pyramidal structure proposed for V(IV) complex and an octahedral geometry for Cr(III),Fe(III) and Co(II) complexes. The biological activity of the ligands and their complexes were evaluated by a gar plate diffusion technique against three human pathogenic bacterial strains: Pseudomonas ae

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Publication Date
Sat Nov 01 2025
Journal Name
Russian Journal Of General Chemistry
Synthesis, Antibacterial Activity, and Molecular Docking Study of Some New Azo Derivatives Based on 2(4-Aminophenyl)-5-Substituted 1,3,4-Oxadiazole
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Publication Date
Sun Feb 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Basic Education
Synthesis of some new Heterocyclic Compounds and Schiff bases of 4-phenyl-3-ene-butanone and study their liquid crystal properties‏
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Publication Date
Fri Mar 26 2021
Journal Name
Chemical Papers
DFT, anticancer, antioxidant and molecular docking investigations of some ternary Ni(II) complexes with 2‑[(E)‑[4‑(dimethylamino) phenyl]methyleneamino]phenol
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The biological activities of some ternary nickel complexes with a Schiff base obtained from 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and 2-aminophenol have been reported. The Schiff base ( HL1) acts as a primary ligand whereas, anthranilic acid ( HL2), 2-nitroaniline ( HL3), alanine ( HL4) and histidine ( HL5) act as secondary ligand or co-ligand. The anticancer activity of these compounds was studied against human colon carcinoma (HCT-116), human hepatocellular liver carcinoma (HEPG-2) and human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines. As per the results, the compounds were active against the cell lines. The antioxidant activity of the same compounds was evaluated using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) radical scavenging and compared with ascorbic aci

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 12 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Effectiveness of Ombitasvir with Paritaprevir/Ritonavir plus Ribavirin on the Treatment of Naïve Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 4
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Background Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) combination therapies from various mechanisms of action and families have been revolutionized the management landscape of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). Ombitasvir, paritaprevir with ritonavir (OBV/PTV/r) ± ribavirin (RBV) is approved to treat HCV genotype 4 (GT4) infection. Here, our objective was to delineate the efficacy and safety of OBV/PTV/r plus RBV in treating of Egyptian naïve patients infected with HCV GT4.

Methods a cohort of 100 Egyptian patients infected with HCV GT4 was allocated and administered orally OBV/PTV/r with RBV. The primary endpoint of our study was a sustained virological response (HCV RNA < 12 IU/mL) 12 weeks after the c

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 23 2025
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Preparation, Characterization, and Studying the Biological Activity of Schiff Base Metal Complexes Derived From Cephalexin With 3-Methoxy-4-Hydroxy Benzaldehyde
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Publication Date
Fri Sep 25 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
A comparative study between the federal investment law No. 13 of 2006 and the Investment Law Kurdistan No. 4 of 2006
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