The target of this study was to synthesize several new Ciprofloxacin drug analogs by providing a nucleophilic substitution procedure that provides new functionality at the carboxylic group location. The analogs were synthesized, designed, and characterized by ¹HNMR, and FTIR. The synthetic path began from the reaction of ciprofloxacin drug with morpholine to give compound[B], ciprofloxacin derivative was linked with a variety of primary and secondary amines to give compounds[B1-B9]. The above-mentioned prepared compounds [B3 and B5] were applied to liver enzymes, and the increase in the activity of these enzymes was observed. In addition, a theoretical study was conducted to study the energies and properties of the prepared co

Due to its various resistance mechanisms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most prevalent opportunistic infection that kills hospitalized patients. Thus, therapeutic options become limited. Objective: The study aimed to estimate the antibiofilm effectiveness of Conocarpus erectus leaf extracts against MDR P. aeruginosa isolates and examines pelA and algD gene expression. Subjects and Methods: One hundred-fifty clinical samples were collected from five Baghdad hospitals between September 2021 and January 2022. Samples were grown on different mediums. Despite cetrimide agar's ability to detect P. aeruginosa, only 83 isolates developed at 42°C. VITEK 2 compact system identification followed. This study examined 83 of P. aeruginosa isolates for r

The gaps and cracks in an image result from different reasons and affect the images. There are various methods concerning gaps replenishment along with serious efforts and proposed methodologies to eliminate cracks in diverse tendencies. In the current research work a color image white crack in-painting system has been introduced. The proposed inpainting system involved on two algorithms. They are Linear Gaps Filling (LGF) and the Circular Gaps Filling (CGF). The quality of output image depends on several effects such as: pixels tone, the number of pixels in the cracked area and neighborhood of cracked area and the resolution the image. The quality of the output images of two methods (linear method: average Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PS

Curcumin is a yellow pigment produced from the rhizomes of the Curcuma longa plant and a primary chemo preventive component of turmeric is used as a spice and food coloring ingredient. Curcumin has a large number of pharmacological activities, such as anticancer, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-infectious, and anti-inflammatory properties.Investigation of the geno-protective effect of curcumin on methotrexate induces chromosomal aberrations of spleen and bone marrow cells. In this study, 32 mice were used and divided into four groups (eight mice at each group) as follows: Group1 (negative control): Dimethyl sulfoxide was given intraperitoneally to mice every day for ten days.Group2 (positive control): Mice were received a single do

Pseudoephedrine (PSE), often known as Sudafed, belongs to a class of medications known as sympathomimetic amines, which affect the digestive system, respiratory system, and cardiovascular system. This drug has a long history of medical use; it is helpful in treating symptoms of the common cold and flu, sinusitis, asthma, and bronchitis. Due to its central nervous system (CNS) stimulant properties and structural similarity to amphe­tamine, it is also used for non-medical purposes such as doping agent, to increase focus, and as a substance that gets rid of exhaustion and drowsiness. Nevertheless only a few studies, backed up its impact on solid abdominal organs. The aim of this task is to investigate the effect of some dosages of PSE

Since the inflammatory factor IL-6 known by its critical role in different metabolic reactions in the
body, therefore, this study was designed to detect it is effect in the thyroid gland function by
injecting three groups of rats, the first with IL-6 , the second with carbimazole (antithyroid drug) and
the third with normal saline (Control).The experiment included three groups of rat; each was injected
with recombinant human interleukin-6 (rhIL-6), Carbimazole, or normal saline (Control). The results
of experiments showed that both IL-6 and carbimazole caused a decrease in the levels of thyroid
hormones (T3 and T4) in animal sera, and a significant decrease in animal body weight, but had no
effect on the liver weight

Anxiety has become a highly paramount field of research attention in psychopharmacology today. Sundry studies have shown a nitric oxide role in the regulation of anxiety. The goal of the study was to investigate sodium nitroprusside ability to affect anxiety-like behavior in mice and to compare this effect with the standard anxiolytic drug, diazepam, using both plus maze test and light/dark box test. The results revealed that sodium nitroprusside at a dose of 1 mg/kg had a significant effect on the behavior in both of the elevated plus maze test and light/dark test. However, at higher dose (3 mg/kg), it has significantly increased the anxiogenic-like effect in the light/dark box test. Diazepam at a dose of 2 mg/kg increased the time spen

This work is focused on studying the effect of liquid layer level (height above a target material) on zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO and ZnO₂) production using liquid-phase pulsed laser ablation (LP-PLA) technique. A plate of Zn metal inside different heights of an aqueous environment of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) with molarity (10^-3 M) was irradiated with femtosecond pulses. The effect of liquid layer height on the optical properties and structure of ZnO was studied and characterized through UV-visible absorption test at three peaks at 213 nm, 216 nm and 218 nm for three liquid heights 4, 6 and 8 mm respectively. The obtained results of UV–visible spectra test show a blue shift accomp

      The experiment was carried out with the aim of studying the effect of biological stress on some morphological parameters of ten varieties of potatoes grown in vitro. Biological stress was applied by adding different concentrations of fusaric acid (0, 0.0125, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 mM), to the growth medium MS, and some growth parameters were measured, such as plant height (cm), number of leaves (leaf/plant¹), leaf area (mm²), number of roots (root.plant¹) and length it (cm), wet and dry weight of the plant (g). The results showed that the studied varieties were different in the response to biological stress according to the studied parameters. The addition of fusaric acid led to reduce all growth parameters compared with the

Background: Antioxidant, sedative, anticancer, and antibacterial properties are among the numerous pharmacological characteristics of Galium verum. Aim: The primary goal of this research was to investigate the therapeutic effects of G. verum extract against folic acid-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Materials and methods: 18 male rats were assigned into three groups:  Control, AKI, and G. verum. AKI was induced by a dose of folic acid (250 mg/kg, i.p.) while G. verum (250 mg/kg) was administrated for 7 consecutive days. Results: G. verum methanol extract contains flavonoids, anthraquinones, tannins, iridoids, triterpen