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قراءة نقدية في نظام تنظيم التجارة الإلكترونية العراقي رقم (4) لسنة 2025
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يُبحر هذا البحث في أغوار نظام تنظيم التجارة الإلكترونية في العراق رقم (4) لسنة 2025، بوصفه تشريعاً استُحدث ليكون جسراً تعبرُ من خلاله الأسواق من نمطية المعاملات التقليدية إلى آفاق المنصات الرقمية العابرة للحدود، ويستقصي البحث بعينٍ ناقدة تلك الهفوات المفاهيمية والتنظيمية التي اعتلت صياغات النظام، لا سيما في اجتراح تعاريف دقيقة للتجارة الإلكترونية والتاجر الإلكتروني، فضلاً عن ارتباك ملامح نطاق السريان، ومتاهات إجراءات الإجازة، وآليات الرقابة والإنفاذ، وتتجلى إشكالية الدراسة في إحجام المشرّع عن وضع معيارٍ جليٍّ يحدد كنة الصفة التجارية في الفضاء الافتراضي، وعجزه عن رسم خطٍّ فاصلٍ بين التاجر المحترف وأصحاب الحرف الصغيرة المستثناة؛ وهي معضلةٌ تتفاقمُ مع بزوغ فجر المشاريع الرقمية التي باتت تدرُّ أرباحاً تفيض عما تحققه التجارة المادية الرتيبة؛ كما يسبر البحثُ غمار الغموض الذي يكتنف مفهوم الاحتراف، وتعقيدات الإثبات وحجية البيانات الرقمية، وتشابك الأدوار بين التاجر والوسيط والمنصة، معرجاً على معضلات الجنسية والإقليم وتنازع الاختصاص القضائي الدولي حينما يمارس الأجانب نشاطهم من وراء الحدود، ويُشرّح البحثُ بنية التشكيل الإداري الموكل إليه إدارة المنصات ومنح التراخيص، محذراً من مغبة الفساد وازدواجية الإجراءات الروتينية؛ ثم ينتقلُ لينبش في ضمانات حماية المستهلك، مستعرضاً حق الفسخ وطبيعة السلع الرقمية والعيوب الخفية، وصون البيانات الشخصية وإخطارات خرقها، وضوابط الإعلانات وقوائم المحظورات؛ ويختتم البحثُ رحلته بتحليل العقوبات والسياسة الضريبية الرقمية ومعاييرها، مع تسليط الضوء على سطوة الذكاء الاصطناعي وأثره في هندسة التسويق والتسعير للسلع والخدمات، في محاولةٍ لتقويم هذا الإطار التشريعي وضبط إيقاعه.

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 28 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
نظام المعلومات التسويقي في شركات التأمين ودوره في اتخاذ القرارات التسويقية
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                   Seek Iraqi insurance companies to face the global changes today that may affect the overall performance of the company, it must find an effective means of providing everything you need company information, and by increasing attention to administrative operations in general, especially the marketing process, which from its core focus on activities related to elements of the marketing mix, as the success of any company in achieving the planned objectives, linked to its ability to make sound decisions in the context of the above elements, for the latter of great importance, especially if based on facts and indicators obtained from th

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Theoretical Investigations of Electronic and Optical Properties of Vanadium Doped Wurtzite Zinc Oxide from First Principle Calculation Method
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In this study lattice parameters, band structure, and optical characteristics of pure and V-doped ZnO are examined by employing (USP) and (GGA) with the assistance of First-principles calculation (FPC) derived from (DFT). The measurements are performed in the supercell geometry that were optimized. GGA+U, the geometrical structures of all models, are utilized to compute the amount of energy after optimizing all parameters in the models. The volume of the doped system grows as the content of the dopant V is increased. Pure and V-doped ZnO are investigated for band structure and energy bandgaps using the Monkhorst–Pack scheme's k-point sampling techniques in the Brillouin zone (G-A-H-K-G-M-L-H). In the presence of high V content, the ban

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 26 2023
Journal Name
Arab Science Heritage Journal
حزن الأنا في الشعر النسائي العراقي
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This research seeks to show the state of the sad female self in Iraqi women's poetry, reveal its psychological potential within the text, analyze the phenomenon of sadness and explain its presence in poetic texts, show the influences of social life, the turmoil that was the main resource for the crisis of the creative woman's self and how to confront it,  explain the motives and reasons why the creative woman wrote about the sadness of herself through techniques and methods unique to her

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 16 2018
Journal Name
Al-academy
Meaning Surplus in Contemporary Iraqi Sculpture
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The present research is concerned with studying the appearance and essence of meaning in contemporary sculpture by addressing the  problematic how to flow of meaning its multiplicity and the flow of its surplus, resulting from the transformations of the artistic form and the variety  of its methods which results to a new and different strategies in circulation and aesthetic reception to achieve this task, we have relied on models of modern Iraq sculpture, which fit in its form and raw materials with the concept of phenomenon studied. Therefore, the research topic were divided into four axes:- the first axe included an introduction about the subject. The introduction included the problems of research and its importance, aim repr

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 14 2022
Journal Name
Al-academy
The aesthetics of the symbol in the Iraqi theater scene
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Theatrical performances began with the Greeks when the theatrical scenes and skeletal figures were encoded, where the large wall of the Alskina, which contains three doors, the middle of them with a high height, and the two sides took the natural size, where the middle door indicated a symbolism of the god or demigods, as we find the condensation of the symbol in the architecture of the theater, and the symbol was taken In the theatrical scene, the development semantically and aesthetically, and interpreting and interpreting the current day, where the laser light formed the symbolism of the contemporary virtual scene, and in order to identify the aesthetics of the symbol in the theatrical scene, the current research was evaluated into fo

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 14 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
The technical mediator in contemporary Iraqi formation
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 The current research (technical mediator in contemporary Iraqi painting) dealt with the concept of technical mediator in contemporary arts and its role in the qualitative transformation in art, the diversity of discoveries in technical media that artists use in their artistic achievement, and the extent of their impact on contemporary Iraqi painting, where the research problem was identified (what is The nature and role of technical media in showing works in contemporary Iraqi painting) and (What are the intellectual and aesthetic concepts of media and techniques as references for contemporary art in Iraq). The second topic dealt with technical media and their impact on the plastic arts, and the third topic focused on the technical med

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 15 2022
Journal Name
Al-academy
The image of the soldier in contemporary Iraqi painting
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The research tagged (the image of the soldier in contemporary Iraqi painting) dealt with the concept of the image as one of the basic concepts in the creative achievement, whether it is in the field of art, literature or beauty. Therefore, the concept of the image expanded to express the various aspects of human creativity, including the field of painting. To know the image of the soldier in contemporary Iraqi painting, the research included four chapters. The first chapter focused on the methodological framework of the research, while the second chapter included three sections. The first topic dealt with the philosophical and artistic concept of the image. The second topic was concerned with the representations of the soldier's image in

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 01 2008
Journal Name
Al-academy
البناء اللحني والايقاعي في المقام العراقي
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عرف العراق بتعدد ألوانه الغنائية ، المختلفة حيث نلاحظ من خلال الاختلاف والتنوع ألوانا شتى من هذا الفن في الشمال أو الوسط أو الجنوب، ولكنها في الواقع تنبع في أصل واحد إلا وهو المقام العراقي .وقد وردت في المصادر الموسيقية إشارة إلى قالب موسيقي غنائي تحت اسم المقام في كل في تركيا، إيران، اذربايجان وغيرها، ولكن تسمية المقام في العراق له دلالة أخرى على قالب خاص اشتهر في مدينة بغداد بالذات وينسب إلى فت
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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2011
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
أسس بناء الجهاز الاداري الكفء : قراءة في عهد الامام علي بن ابي طالب لمالك الأشتر
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أسس بناء الجهاز الاداري الكفء : قراءة في عهد الامام علي بن ابي طالب لمالك الأشتر

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Speech Acts Through Ages - A Comprative Study between Traditional and Modren Approches
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This study has been developed axes of the search, including: Search (deliberative) language and idiomatically, and Description Language (b social phenomenon), and the definition of the theory of (acts of speech), and discussed the problem of the conflict between tradition and innovation, as defined objectively have a target aimed at reviving the deliberative thought when Arab scholars , and the balance between the actual done Arab and Western rhetoric, but Meet in intellectual necessity, a sober reading that preserve the Arab language prestige, and its position in the light of the growing tongue Sciences, as long as we have inherited minds unique, and heritage huge able to consolidate the Arab theory lingual in linguistics.

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