Housing finance is considered to be an important and basic element in housing market, so it’s very important to aid individuals and particular institutions to built or buy new housing units.Inadequate finance system for housing is capable of supporting families to fulfill their needs and helping them to buy and built houses represented a big gap between the need to housing units and available stock. The most important finance institutions in Iraq nowa days are the Real Estate Bank and Housing Fund.Althoughthe role played byeach ofthese institutions, but thattheir roleis stilllimited in thehousing financeat the level ofindividuals orinstitutions. the adoption of the real estate Bank and housing fund to the amount allocated by th

The aim of this research is to explore the time and space distribution of traffic volume demand and investigate its vehicle compositions. The four selected links presented the activity of transportation facilities and different congestion points according to directions. The study area belongs to Al-Rusafa sector in Baghdad city that exhibited higher rate of traffic congestions of working days at peak morning and evening periods due to the different mixed land uses. The obtained results showed that Link (1) from Medical city intersection to Sarafiya intersection, demonstrated the highest traffic volume in both peak time periods morning AM and afternoon PM where the demand exceeds the capacity along the link corridor. Also, higher values f

the financial resources represent a basic factor of production ;It is obvious that the housing sector needs the resources to finance the building operation to produce all the housing units. Finance is the cornerstone of any housing strategy , as its successes dependent on the success of the financing methods and the creation of charnels and effective methods for the provision of the required finances for both individuals and instantly concerned with the production of housing units. The kinds of financial institutions vary from one country to another according to the nature of the economic and financial system. The lending conditions also vary as well as the capital cost of the housing units needed The housing operations is concer

Baqubah city has grown extremely rapidly. The rate of growth exceeds the growth of services that must grow side by side with the growth of population. There are natural features that affect the growth of Baqubah city such as Dieyala river, Alssariya river, in addition to agricultural areas .All these natural features affect the growth of Baqubah city in the running form being seen . In this research the remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) techniques are used for monitoring urban expansion and forecasting the probable axes to the growth of the city, and found that the probability of Baqubah growth to east is preferred due to Baqubah growth to the east would never interfere with natural features. Also in this res

Sustainability is a major demand and need pursued by cities in all areas of life due to the environmental, social and economic gains they provide, especially in the field of city planning and urban renewal projects that aim to integrate the past, present and future.

The research aims to evaluate the Haifa Street renewal project, and Al-Shawaka district, one of the Baghdad districts located next to Al-Karkh, was elected by comparing the sustainability indicators of urban renewal with the reality of the situation through a field survey and questionnaire form and focusing on the social and economic impacts and environmental for the project on the study area. To reach the most important conclusions and recommendations

 Urban agriculture is one of the important urban uses of land in cities since the inception of cities and civilizations, but the great expansion of cities in the world during the twentieth century and the beginning of the twentieth century and the increase in the number of urban residents compared to the rural population has led to a decline in this use in favor of other uses.

 This decline in agricultural and green land areas in cities has negatively affected the environment, natural life and biological diversity in cities in addition to the great impact on the climate and the increase in temperatures and the negative impact on the economic side, since urban agriculture is an important pillar of the economy, especially

The human resources are considered to be the main pillar of the organizations , economic development and the foundation of moving wheels of individual growth. This is considered as the basic tasks for any productive and economic activity . The investment of the human resources is the economic pillar of production , but the most important element of the production . This research tried to access the method of resource investment and to identify the problems and training as key element in establishment of E –government . A questionnaire document have been distributed to the workers at different levels in the colleges and institutes. The research concluded the necessity of job description , continuous training of the workers , usi

Many studies and researches represented the importance of the planning and designing criteria's. Planning and Designing issue influence by three factors, firstly: The Present situation of life is always exchanging and developing. Secondly: Design work represents views of problem that never appear at the beginning of the work but only by plan implementation which need to in some cases to modifying the specify aims and criteria's. Thirdly: Never establish criteria's and aims that can be used as a reference before starting design and planning process. This research will study present situation of the services for residential areas criteria's and planning legitimate in some designed cities in Iraq with different levels (neighborhood,

     This research examines the quantitative analysis to assess the efficiency of the transport network in Sadr City, where the study area suffers from a large traffic movement  for the variability of traffic flow and intensity at peak hours as a result of inside traffic and outside of it, especially in the neighborhoods of population with  economic concentration.                                                           &n

Planning of cities show great attention on streets planning as one of the most structural component foundations for cities, that providing many functional needs and connect parts of the city each other, and work as a commercial and services activities centers. Instead of this highly focused on distributing streets with different streets types such as economical and trading and housing streets. This concerned was only on the dimensions and scales of different types of vehicles and their movement. When scale and dimension and movement of mans were as a second priority in designing and planning streets. Which came's first for traditional streets. The research try to submit some designs guides for planners that contribute in re conce

Governance in emerging cities struggles in meeting people's expectations and requirements. Most international reports highlight the problem of service provision, guarantee and long-term sustainability. As cities and towns grow swiftly and irrevocably, they encounter resource and capacity constraints in managing the urbanization process. The experiences and strategic urban development plans in Lebanon have failed to meet the needs of people in the short and long term, which has prevented it from keeping pace with international developments and strategic planning approaches that are in line with the aspirations of any country.

It has become necessary to identify obstacles to strategic planning that prevent significant progress in k

The free zone or the free economy cities are cities with classification and functional specificity, although the history of  the concept of these areas has been It dates back to distant eras, but the intellectual and philosophical construction with the support of intellectual approaches, the most important of which is globalization contributed to its rapid spread globally and taking a variety of forms and models. With the diversity of its formulas and objectives countries have competed in adopting the establishment of these areas, meanwhile The influence of related trends affected the contemporary formation of these sites. Therefore ,the research was directed focus on the importance of adopting a set of common indicators (collection

المستخلص:

تُمثِّل الإدارة البيئية المتكاملة السبيل الأمثل لتحقيق مبدأ الاستدامة البيئية، ويُعدُّ هور الحمار الغربي من المواقع ذات موارد وامكانات طبيعية، وذات قيمة عالمية استثنائية كونه ضمن مواقع اتفاقية رامسار للأراضي الرطبة وايضا ضمن لائحة التراث العالمي. ويقدِّم مثالًا واضحًا  لمستقرة بشرية محتفظة بتقاليدها وتراثها وهي بذلك تعكس التفاعل بين الإنسان وبيئته ومشكلة البحث هي المشكلة الحا

the regional and spatial dimension of development planning must be taken as a point of departure to the mutual of the spatial structure of the economy , development strategy and policies applied 'therein such as the location principles and regional development coordination of the territorial problems with the national development planning and timing of regional vis-a-vis national development plan_. Certain balance and integration is of sound necessity' between national _regional and local development objectives through which the national development strategy should have to represent the guidelines of the local development aspirations and goals. The economic development exerts an impact on the spatial evolution, being itself subje

        Urban land price is the primary indicator of land development in urban areas. Land prices in holly cities have rapidly increased due to tourism and religious activities. Public agencies are usually facing challenges in managing land prices in religious areas. Therefore, they require developed models or tools to understand land prices within religious cities. Predicting land prices can efficiently retain future management and develop urban lands within religious cities. This study proposed a new methodology to predict urban land prices within holy cities. The methodology is based on two models, Linear Regression (LR) and Support Vector Regression (SVR), and nine variables (land price, land area,

The quality of human settlements varies depending on the regions, and they differ in their spatial characteristics in terms of their area, development potential, and natural resources, as well as the number of people living in them, as these characteristics differ from one place to another, from one region to another, and between urban and rural areas. There is a big difference between the level of capabilities, job opportunities, social services and infrastructure that qualifies it to create a stable and suitable place for living. It seeks to achieve spatial equality among its residents and provide job opportunities for them on the basis of the development resources and capabilities available in that region without depleting its capabil

                 The research deals with the concept of a New Urbanism as an urban development strategy in the suburbs of cities or in its centers that are affected by pedestrian-oriented design and the possibility of walking, as well as integrating economic classes through the diversity of housing and its costs, and this works to facilitate access to jobs and services while providing more diverse neighborhoods and reducing the use of cars , As designing separate houses in the suburbs and increasing car trips poses a threat to the environment and the quality of urban life, and thus the new urban provides a good strategy for developing

The research aims to give decentralised planning a more influential role for economic life and social development by enhancing the participation of the local community in the development process and achieving the exploitation of the local population in making development decisions and identifying priorities and needs according to the development gap.

   The Social Fund for Development is one of the decentralisation methods adopted by the Ministry of Planning through which development projects are prioritised according to the spatial gap with the participation of the local community. The aim is to promote rural settlements and improve the quality of life for the population by reducing the development gap and achieving a

يُعدُّ المخطط الاساس خطة شاملة تعمل على تنظيم المتغيرات الاجتماعية والاقتصادية في المدينة، الى جانب ذلك تنطيق وتنظيم استعمالات الارض لمدة (20 – 30) سنة قادمة، وهو الناتج الوثائقي والمرئي للعملية التخطيطية. من  أبرز المشاكل البحث  ان المخططات الاساس المعدة لمدينة بغداد تعاني استمرار التغييرات رسمية وغير رسمية التي تحصل في استعمالات الأرض وعلى حساب الاستعمال الترفيهي ، وهذا يسبِّب خللاً في توزان الاستعم

Since its establishment, cities have been looking for a special urban architectural language that distinguishes them from other cities and expresses their distinctive identity through continuous products through time and controls the totality of temporal and spatial changes through a bridging dialogue that manages the language of the city correctly, Which gives the stability of that language and its ability to adapt to the total changes that occur in the city over time, and thus the possibility of producing ideas integrated series and ideas are renewed overlapping with the legacy and bear multiple layers of meaning and signals and symbols create a total of two meanings The problem of research (not comprehensive studies to create a contem

The relationship between humans and nature has been deeply rooted since ancient times, embodying the concept of Biophilia—the innate affinity towards nature. The presence of restorative landscape features and restorative experiences of natural elements offers opportunities for relaxation and recovery from stress.

This paper aims to explore the concepts and approaches that enhance the restorative urban landscape and the experience of psychological restoration. It draws on theoretical foundations from the literature to frame the research problem, aligning with attention restoration theory (ART) scales.

The study hypothesizes that restorative landscape elements within the built environment can support the experience of psy

The extraction of water bodies maps using remote sensing and GIS is a crucial aspect of environmental monitoring and management. Remote sensing technology, such as satellite imagery and aerial photography, allows for the collection of data on water bodies from a large spatial scale, while GIS enables the analysis and visualization of this data in a spatial context. This combination of technologies has revolutionized how water bodies are mapped and monitored, providing valuable information for a wide range of applications, including water resource management, environmental impact assessment, and disaster management. By using several techniques, such as unsupervised classification and the water index methods like normalized difference wate

The emergence of oil fields and subsequent changes in adjacent land use are known to affect settlements and communities. Everywhere the industry emerges, there is little understanding about the impact of oil fields on land use in the surrounding areas. The oil industry in Iraq is one of the most important industries and is almost the main industry in the Iraqi economic sector, and it is very clear that this industry is spread over large areas, and at the same time adjoins with population communities linked to it developmentally.

The rapid development and expansion of oil extraction activities in various regions has led to many challenges related to land-use planning and management. Here, the problem of research  arises on th

Old Iraq includes the first experiences in establishing the first residential settlements in the Mesopotamian, and model villages designed and the pulp units in it and their natural matter, that made it perennial, and construction continues until now with it. These experiences were the basis for the emergence of the Iraqi civilization and thus the world and the beginning of writing, trade and the religions of the divine since before history, and then the Sumerian, Babylonian and Assyrian civilizations, and their villages that formed the Fertile Crescent.

There is a lack of knowledge and disregard for the distant and near history of Iraq in the field of rural housing, despite Iraq's leadership in this field, with the aim of the re

The Migration is one of the important dynamic population movement phenomena in population studies because of its great impact in changing many demographic characteristics between the region of origin and arrival. And the multiplicity of forms and types according to the different reasons for it and the motives that prompted the population to move, as well as the currents and their size are also different according to the different causes, and here there are many types of migration, and many of them have been studied at the local and regional levels, and as long as the population is in a continuous dynamic movement, other types of migration are generated. (Al Douri, 2015, 230)          &nbs