Moth-eye nano-structure is essentially used as a light-trapping technique for more efficient and cost-effective solar cells. This computational study investigated two dimensions of rectangular silicon base anti-reflected nanostructure for ultra-thin film solar silicon cell efficiency enhancement. The introduced simulation procedure depends on numerical methods and Lumerical software. Impacts of the structure geometry, which was the width and height, on optical and electrical properties were investigated. It found that the geometry of the structure has a significant effect on the absorption and reflection spectrum, due to structure light-trapping effects, and the maximum absorption increases in visible regain reported at a width of 300 nm

Over the past few years, there has been a significant focus on studying the synthesis and applications of metal nanoparticles. These tiny particles possess distinct properties that set them apart from bulk metals. Cr:Se core-shell nano thin film has been pre-coated by plasma jets with different concentrations (10:0, 8:2, and 6:4) and deposition by chemical spray pyrolysis. The nano-thin films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy(UV), and transmission electron microscopy TEM. This study looks into the structure and optical features of core-shell nanoparticles made with different ratios of chromium and selenium (Cr:Se). The X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles

Pulses are the second most significant economic crop that have been attacked by many storage pests. One of these pests is the cowpea beetle (Callosobruchus maculatus).  This study aims to study the effect of phenol  grape seed (Vitis vinifera) extract (1000,1500,2000,2500and 3500 mg/L) on eggs and adults. The results showed that the alcoholic extract of the grape seed (Vitis vinifera) recorded for the egg hatching was (80, 56.67, 53.33, 40.00 and 10.00%) respectively, Results in the use of nanocapsules at concentrations of 100 and 500 mg/L showed the egg hatching ratio was (53.33, 16.67%) respectively, while the results of alcoholic extracts of grape seed (Vitis vinifera)  recorded for a

In this work, the rate of charge transfer (CT) reaction at the N3-ZnS interface was calculated using a quantitative computational model to evaluate the efficiency of N3-ZnS heterojunction dye-sensitized solar cell devices using different types of solvents. This work discussed the influence of the effective driving energy force on the charge transport rate and performance of N3-ZnS devices with various solvents based on a donor-acceptor model. A solar cell model was used to study the optical efficiency when changing some of its parameters, such as the type of material and the thickness of the film, as they are important factors influencing the quality of the solar cell. It was found that the transition energy varies with different solvent

Undoped and aluminum-doped In2S3 chalcopyrite semiconductor thin films are deposited on glass substrates using the thermal evaporation process under a vacuum of 1.6×10^-5 mbar, achieving a thickness of 500 nm. This study examines the impact of varying Al ratios of 0.0, 0.02 and 0.04 on properties of Al-doped In2S3 thin film. The structural characteristics of In2S3 thin films were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), revealing that the In2S3 film exhibits a polycrystalline structure and stable tetragonal β-In2S3, with a preferred orientation of (109) at 2θ = 27.3. Furthermore, AFM is examining the exterior morphology of the film, revealing that both surface roughness and average diameter escalate with h

     For this work, the spray pyrolysis technique is employed to create uniform thin films of cadmium telluride (CdTe) at 350°C on glass substrates. For optical and structural examination, the films that were deposited undergo annealing at 573 K and 723 K. In an air atmosphere, before being examined using an XRD, a microscopy force atomic (AFM), and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The film's cubic structure and polycrystalline nature were demonstrated by the XRD tests with preferred orientation (111), and temperatures for annealing improve crystalline speed. Crystallite size and microstrain were among the microstructural metrics that were computed with an increase in annealing temperatures; it was found that the microstrain decreased and

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a modern phenomenon that is used in a variety of industries, including intelligent transportation, smart cities, healthcare, games, and education. The use of IoT applications to enhance the quality of higher education has become a crucial subject in the discipline of teaching research. The objective of this research is to find out whether educational institutions could incorporate higher education and the Internet of Things by utilizing the technological acceptance model. For the purpose of achieving this, the University of Mosul was chosen to identify the position of faculty members in this field. The study proposes a model consisting of factors adopted from the TAM Theories. A quantitative approach has b

The red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier, 1790), which belongs to the family Curculionidae, order Coleoptera, is one of the most important palm pests, which leads to heavy losses in date palms. In the last few years, it has been recorded in Iraq, from Safwan city south of Iraq, where it was detected on date palm trees (Phoenix dactylifera L, Arecales: Arecaceae). In the current study, specimens of adult weevils were collected from infested date palms (Phoenix dactylifera), that showed signs of infection in Safwan district, south of Basra province. The results of the investigation showed the presence of phoretic mites associated with the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier,

In this paper, we define a cubic positive implicative-ideal, a cubic implicative-ideal and a cubic commutative-ideal of a semigroup in KU-algebra as a generalization of a fuzzy (positive implicative-ideal, an implicative-ideal and a commutative-ideal) of a semigroup in KU-algebra. Some relations between these types of cubic ideals are discussed. Also, some important properties of these ideals are studied. Finally, some important theories are discussed. It is proved that every cubic commutative-ideal, cubic positive implicative-ideal, and cubic implicative-ideal are a cubic ideal, but not conversely. Also, we show that if Θ is a cubic positive implicative-ideal and a cubic commutative-ideal then Θ is a cubic implicative-ideal. Some exam

Machine scheduling problems (MSP) are     considered as one of the most important classes of combinatorial optimization problems. In this paper, the problem of job scheduling on a single machine is studied to minimize the multiobjective and multiobjective objective function. This objective function is: total completion time, total lead time and maximum tardiness time, respectively, which are formulated as  are formulated. In this study, a mathematical model is created to solve the research problem. This problem can be divided into several sub-problems and simple algorithms have been found to find the solutions to these sub-problems and compare them with efficient solutions. For this problem, some rules that provide efficient solutio

The main goal of this work is to achieve an acceptable agreement between the obtained results and previously published results of the electrical conductivities of Krypton and Xenon weakly ionized plasma gases, which are strongly affected by the electron number density N_e and electron collision frequency. When the electron energy distribution function (EEDF) is calculated, it shows a decrease with increasing the energy for all reduced electric field values (E/N). The above calculations are done in terms of the Boltzmann transport equation solution by using a numerical technique based on the two-term approximation method, which is represented by the common code "BOLSIG+." Calculated electrical conductivities of each Xenon and Kr

In this paper, we introduce a new one-step iteration process in Banach space and prove the existence of a common random fixed point of three non-expansive multivalued random operators through strong and weak convergences of an iterative process. The necessary and sufficient condition for the convergence of a sequence of measurable functions to a random fixed point of non-expansive multivalued random operators in uniformly convex Banach spaces is also established. Our random iteration scheme includes new random multivalued iterations as special cases. The results obtained in this paper are an extension and refinement of previously known results. A new random iterative scheme for approximating random common fixed points of three random non

Poultry often intake energy to meet their energy needs, which is associated with both more fat and protein deposition, which is also conditioned by the presence of adequate other nutritional nutrients. The most significant supplement in creature sustenance or diets is protein, with exceptional thought given to the proportion among energy and protein in consumes less calories (energy: protein ratio EPR). This implies that a specific protein level relates with the fundamental measure of energy in the eating regimen. The article evaluated the manipulation of energy to protein ratio and its effect on broiler performance and carcass lipid profile. The author's methodology depends on analyzing and comparing other scientists’ studies and work

Using SHA256 in the Blockchain system for security purposes, as it is important in linking blocks and preventing tampering efficiently and securely. In order to further confirm the security of SHA256 and protect it and increase its susceptibility to resist threats that it is exposed to in one way or another, its algorithm was developed by utilizing the modified skew tent map (MSTM). The developed SHA256 algorithm (D-SHA256) is distinguished by two essential features: less time and more enhanced security than its predecessor SHA256. This distinction arises from the strongly chaotic behavior and the highly randomness properties of the MSTM. Moreover, the proposed D-SHA256 algorithm consist of 32 rounds while preserving the randomness prope

In this study report, Cu-doped ferrite nanoparticles (Cu_xNi_1-xFe₂O₄), which are normally the size of less than 100 nanometers were achieved using the sol-gel method. This method consists of using citric acid as fuel, which leads to auto combustion. In this report, the samples mentioned above will be analyzed using the following techniques (XRD, FESEM, EDX), where X-ray diffraction indicated that the specimens consist of spinel phase with face-centered cubic (FCC) structure. The results showed the lattice constant of the material increased from (8.320) Å to (8.323) Å, which indicated fact that the ionic radius of copper (72) Å has a bigger size than the ionic radius of nickel (69) Å which le

This study explores the nuclear properties of even-numbered molybdenum () isotopes in the mass range 86 to 100. It focuses on the calculations of fundamental nuclear properties such as distortion coefficients ( and ), electric quadrupole moments (Q₀), root-mean-square charge radii, and reduced transition probabilities B(E2)↑. These calculations were derived using a theoretical framework based on the distorted shell model and implemented in MATLAB. The evaluation also included the identification of the two quasi-nuclear shape axes (major and minor), from which three-dimensional representations of the isotopic shapes were generated.The analysis revealed a gradual decrease in distortion coefficients and transition probabilities with in

A sample  of  168 tonsillitic  subjects  (93  males and  75 females), livin g in Baghdad was evaluated  microbiologically.   The patients  had an age  range  of  3-35  years.          Four  bacterial   species  were   isolated  and identified.    They             were              P-haemolyt ic Streptococcus    ,(39.3%) Staphylococcus                  

To follow  up the  response of  acute  lymphoblastic  leukemic

(ALL)   patients   to   chemotherapy   treatment   and  for   prognosis, diagnosis,  the total Sialic acid  (TSA) levels was studied as a tumor marker. The study included 40 patients (male = 22, female =18) with (ALL)   were   tested   for   the   serum   and   leukocytes   homogenate concentrations  of total sialic acid (TSA)  before and after  treatment with    six   different   chemotherapy   protocols.     &n

Isoscalar   and  isovector   for  one   body  of  magnetic   dipole transitions    of   even even   Ba   (A=l30-136)  isotopes   have   been calculated using IBM-1 . The present calculations are predicted that the maximum   values    of   magnetic    dipole   reduced   matrix   clement (11  II fr.·Hil lll1 

Several methods have been developed for routing problem in MANETs wireless network, because it considered very important problem in this network ,we suggested proposed method based on modified radial basis function networks RBFN and Kmean++ algorithm. The modification in RBFN for routing operation in order to find the optimal path between source and destination in MANETs clusters. Modified Radial Based Neural Network is very simple, adaptable and efficient method to increase the life time of nodes, packet delivery ratio and the throughput of the network will increase and connection become more useful because the optimal path has the best parameters from other paths including the best bitrate and best life link with minimum delays. The re

Many studies mentioned that there is a decline in the a achievement of intermediate second class students in mathematics  . Parents and mathematics   teachers   had  emphasized   that  .  The  studies   related  this decline to the students weak attitude towards mathematics .

In spite  of the  importance  of this subject  , it has not been given enough attention  in research in our country . This research is an attempt to know  th e relationships  between  the  intermediate  second  class  students  , attitude and their achievement  in mathematics .

Also, to know the statistical sign

The objective of the present study is to determine the rate  of myocardial infarction  among sample patients attending in CCU medical ward in AL-Zahra hospital and  to identify factors  associated with the myocardial infarction (age, gender, residence, occupation and educational level ), Family history (hypertension…..etc. A case control study conducted in Karbala city / AL-Zahra hospital /medical ward /CCU for cardio pulmonary care unit..  Sampling was  (non probability convenient ) the study  was included  100 cases and 100 controls.. The study was started from 15^th July 2015 to the 20^th October 2015.  Data was collected by questionnaire to obtain

The experiences in the life are considered important for many fields, such as industry, medical and others. In literature, researchers are focused on flexible lifetime distribution.

In this paper, some Bayesian estimators for the unknown scale parameter  of Inverse Rayleigh Distribution have been obtained, of different two loss functions, represented by Suggested and Generalized loss function based on Non-Informative prior using Jeffery's and informative prior represented by Exponential distribution. The performance of   estimators is compared empirically with Maximum Likelihood estimator, Using Monte Carlo Simulation depending on the Mean Square Error (MSE). Generally, the preference of Bayesian method of Suggeste

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One   hundred   Ninty   two  s mples  were  collected from   (Cooling towers) between           the                 period       1 /l/2004-13/12/2005.   The                          Results Rev a)ecL that  physical    and   chemic:a)  analysefor watr  samples including   Tempera  re,,  pH and  cWodde  concentration  ranges were f01:md

     In this paper we tend to describe the notions of intuitionistic fuzzy asly ideal of ring indicated by (I. F.ASLY) ideal and, we will explore some properties and connections about this concept.

  A biological experiment was conducted to study the effect of different concentrations of gibberellic acid and urea fertilizer and their interactions in some characteristic related to green growth of fenugreek plant (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) in the green house of Department of Biology in College of Education (Ibn­al­Haitham)/Baghdad University for the growth season (2008­2009) in pots of (5 kgm) soil per pot, and four concentrations of gibberellic acid were used, they are (0,25,50,100) ppm, these concentrations were sprayed after the perfection of  the  fourth leaf for the plant. Moreover, three levels of urea fertilizer were used, they were (0.25, 0.50, 1.00) gm/pot. These concentrations were added as two p

In this paper, the linear system of Fredholm integral equations is solving using Open Newton-Cotes formula, which we use five different types of Open Newton-Cotes formula to solve this system.  Compare the results of suggested method with the results of another method (closed Newton-Cotes formula)    Finally, at the end of each method, algorithms and programs developed and written in MATLAB (version 7.0) and we give some numerical examples, illustrate suggested method

   For extraction chloro anion complexes of Cd2+ and Hg2+ used many organic agents as extractant according to liquid ion exchange method such as α-Naphthyl amine (α-NA), 4-Amino benzoic acid (4-ABA), 2-[(4-Carboxy methyl phenyl) azo]-4,5-diphenyl imidazole (4CMePADPI) and Cryptand (C222). This study includes definition hydrochloric acid concentration in aqueous phase and shaking with organic phase necessary for extraction as well as shaking time, organic solvent effect, interferences and alkaline salt effect. Thermodynamic showed the ion exchange reaction was exothermic for α-NA, C222 and endothermic for 4-ABA, 4-CMePADPI for extraction CdCl4=, but for extraction HgCl4= was exothermic with 4-ABA, 4CMePADPI and C222 but

  The system of work has been built , which consists of dark box with dimensions      (61 cm ï‚´74 cm ï‚´120 cm) when the distance between the testing image and the light source is (120   cm) .                                                                                    &n