That water is the lifeblood and without it no life on our planet, he says in the Holy Koran: In the Name of God {{And We made from water every living thing}} truth of God Almighty (the prophets verse 30) The basis of the existence of settlements served human and a source of fresh water close to it easy access to it is used for domestic, agricultural, on a daily basis, even closer look at the map of Iraq to human settlement to find it is a signatory to both sides of the river are thick and less as we moved away from the source of water until they make up a scene like a necklace the river and the stones of cities and settlements served, was the ancient civilizations, countries and capitals Throughout history, choose sites near sour

the financial resources represent a basic factor of production ;It is obvious that the housing sector needs the resources to finance the building operation to produce all the housing units. Finance is the cornerstone of any housing strategy , as its successes dependent on the success of the financing methods and the creation of charnels and effective methods for the provision of the required finances for both individuals and instantly concerned with the production of housing units. The kinds of financial institutions vary from one country to another according to the nature of the economic and financial system. The lending conditions also vary as well as the capital cost of the housing units needed The housing operations is concer

          The study of services in villages is one of the imperative matters that must   be focused on, because it leads to increased attention, which reduces the differences between the countryside and the urban. The extent of its.

  It is well known that community services need to be reached by a person, unlike the anchor services that reach people, here the population distribution plays an important and prominent role in signing these services, so the dispersed distribution pattern and the gathering pattern appeared in the distribution, thus an effect on the time and distance that the person walked to obtain The services are community-based. Therefore

The city of Derna has distinctive architectural and architectural features, like other Arab and Islamic cities in the Arab West and North Africa. Its markets and shops have taken many different forms and structural forms within the urban fabric of the central commercial zone. The meeting between the various commercial and handicraft jobs and consumers within a spatial area starting with the old markets of the dark market and the agency of the harvest and vegetable market and the mosque of the old and the square of the mosque and the Red Square and the square Kharazin. It then grew linearly towards commercial hubs that were associated with the city's expansion axes. Old markets represent the architectural and planning heritage associated

        Urban land price is the primary indicator of land development in urban areas. Land prices in holly cities have rapidly increased due to tourism and religious activities. Public agencies are usually facing challenges in managing land prices in religious areas. Therefore, they require developed models or tools to understand land prices within religious cities. Predicting land prices can efficiently retain future management and develop urban lands within religious cities. This study proposed a new methodology to predict urban land prices within holy cities. The methodology is based on two models, Linear Regression (LR) and Support Vector Regression (SVR), and nine variables (land price, land area,

This paper examines the change in planning pattern In Lebanon, which relies on vehicles as a semi-single mode of transport, and directing it towards re-shaping the city and introducing concepts of "smooth or flexible" mobility in its schemes; the concept of a "compact city" with an infrastructure based on a flexible mobility culture. Taking into consideration environmental, economical and health risks of the existing model, the paper focuses on the four foundations of the concepts of "city based on culture flexible mobility, "and provides a SWOT analysis to encourage for a shift in the planning methodology.

the student of the structure of the city and its constituent elements will clearly sense the invisible relationships that underlie the different forms of urban activity, which in turn are defined by the generality of the urban patterns in that city, which will vary clearly according to the location in the city. These relations will be embodied in their true form in the interactions between the different uses of the earth, and the change that will result from their regularity in the form of entities in independent groups, which may share with each other a component of it.
Therefore, the process of controlling the functional interactions between the uses of the urban land and the awareness of t

Waste is one of the most important problems affecting the city’s environment and its urban landscape, which results from the activities and activities of man and the natural environment. Its sources have varied between residential, commercial, industrial, medical and hazardous, and its spread in cities, on roads and on abandoned open lands, has led to significant negative effects and risks to human health and the environment.

  Therefore, there were serious attempts to deal with waste and follow sequential steps that formed a waste management system such as (collection, sorting, transport, then treatment and disposal). Preventing and reducing waste, then recycling and recovering by composting or burning, and ending with bu

The excessive and rapid urban growth witnessed by most cities in the world can be a cause of diseases and epidemics, especially those problems related to population, which include problems of transportation and increase in density in the centers, in addition to the lack of interest in planning and designing those cities to take into account the health aspect of the city and obtain The health well-being of the population, and each of these problems has negative effects on health in general and on human health in particular through its prevalence. Therefore, many concepts that serve as a tool for achieving public health and the physical health of the population have emerged, including the concept of city health, which is defined as cities

The Research aims to investigate into reality in terms of planning and scheduling management process for sake the implementation and maintenance of irrigation and drainage projects in the Republic of Iraq, with an indication of the most important obstacles that impede the planning and scheduling management process for these projects and ways of addressing them and minimizing their effects.                                                  For the purpose of achieving the goal of the research, a sci

This paper examines the gaps in Lebanese building law as well as the exploitation of contractors, stakeholders, and residents in order to make illegal profits at the expense of The Shape of urban agglomerations and their expansion in cities and rural areas, which is contrary to the principles of sustainable land development. It also emphasizes the amplification of the factors of vertical and horizontal building investments in the implementation of buildings contrary to the license, as well as the burden that this places on the city's resulting infrastructure and ability to absorb the activities and needs of its residents. The study then presents recommendations in the process of transformation in the technique of planning and application

The emergence of oil fields and subsequent changes in adjacent land use are known to affect settlements and communities. Everywhere the industry emerges, there is little understanding about the impact of oil fields on land use in the surrounding areas. The oil industry in Iraq is one of the most important industries and is almost the main industry in the Iraqi economic sector, and it is very clear that this industry is spread over large areas, and at the same time adjoins with population communities linked to it developmentally.

The rapid development and expansion of oil extraction activities in various regions has led to many challenges related to land-use planning and management. Here, the problem of research  arises on th

In contemporary cities, the expansion of the use of vehicles has led to the deterioration of the urban environment. To counter this, many concepts and strategies emerged that attempted to regulate mobility in cities and limit its effects. The concept of a "complete street" is one of the modern trends concerned with diversifying means of transportation and reducing the disadvantages of mechanical transportation methods This paper discusses the role that complete streets can play in developing the urban environment in the Alyarmok District of Baghdad, which suffers from traffic congestion and its associated problems.In this study, 104 people were surveyed in the Alyarmok region, and the linear regression method was used to analyze their op

This paper delves into the significant role played by local social and traditional structures in shaping Traditional Community Tenure (TCT) within Iraqi Land Tenure Legislation (ILTR), and examines their impact on gender inequalities, with a specific focus on women's land tenure rights. The methodological approach employed in this study identified the sources of barriers to gender equality within TCT as outlined in ILTR at two different bilateral levels, with input obtained from key stakeholders in a selected city in Iraq. The case study survey encompassed three districts, which served as local layers within the historic sectors of the Iraqi city of Al-Nasiriya. the study employed quantitative methods, including a household surveyو with

This paper attempts to shed light on the most influential factors in the importance of religious buildings were destroyed because of the recent war due to the control of terrorist gangs of ISIS over the city of Mosul, and to prioritize their reconstruction and their role in reviving the historical center of Mosul.

The research’s problem emerged in the lack of knowledge about the identifying the most influential factors in the importance of religious buildings and utilizing them to prioritize their reconstruction. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the importance of religious buildings using the Expert Choice software through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to reach an analysis of their weights and propose p

 Urban agriculture is one of the important urban uses of land in cities since the inception of cities and civilizations, but the great expansion of cities in the world during the twentieth century and the beginning of the twentieth century and the increase in the number of urban residents compared to the rural population has led to a decline in this use in favor of other uses.

 This decline in agricultural and green land areas in cities has negatively affected the environment, natural life and biological diversity in cities in addition to the great impact on the climate and the increase in temperatures and the negative impact on the economic side, since urban agriculture is an important pillar of the economy, especially

تؤدي المناطق المفتوحة والخضراء دورا مهما في حياة المدن الحديثة . فاتساع الرقعة العمرانية على حساب المناطق المفتوحة والخضراء جعلت الحاجة للاستمتاع بالبيئة الطبيعية صفة ملازم لسكانها .
ويعد النمو السريع للمدن وتطور اعدادها السكانية واتساع مساحتها  احدى الاسباب التي اظهرت الحاجة الى المناطق المفتوحه الخضراء الفسيحة داخل المدينة نظرا لاهميتها البيئة والمناخية والترفيهية في حياة المواطن , لذا تولي الدول

Variation and differences in Quality of culture levels have an important effect on Recreation of Architectural tourism, which stort in the new era of touristic industry. Tourism is no more bounded to the natural element, Since Architect is the Port for Transmission of Ideas and the representation of perception an opinions which can shift the tourist from word of simplicity to the world of creation and imagination through the continuation with used and Sean Architect. In the present study we found that the culture background of the tourist have an important influence on this type tourism, this is due to the fact that those tourist with different cultural Background show some similarity in their perception on primary level only, this is du

The research target is to Know the extent influence of the neighborhood planning and architectural concept on the cities. as the importance of the residential areas represent 40-60% from the cities areas gives, The neighborhood planning concepts their important and their effects on the type of the urban physical pattern mode formation

The formation of the residential areas correlated organically with physical structure and geographical environment which grow organically parallel to the city expansion and population increase. The residential neighborhood development influenced by social, economical and cultural environment of the cities according to the special and time which defined it\'s concept.

Also the resear

اعتاد مصمموا العمليات الصناعية لأي منشأة في الماضي على تنحية مسالة التخلص من الملوثات الناتجة من التصنيع المختلفة جانبا ، وتركز الاهتمام لسنوات طويلة على زيادة كفاءة العمليات الصناعية نفسها وخفض التكاليف الاستثمارية دون مراعاة لما يمكن ان ينجم من تأثيرات سلبية على البيئة المحيطة بالمنشاة نفسها ولا يمكن أن ننسى ان في بداية الثورة الصناعية كانت المدخنة بدخانها الأسود رمزا للرخاء القادم في أعقاب بناء كل مصن

رغم المساحات الشاسعة التي تشغلها الصحاري في العالم ألا أنها ما زالت بعيدة عن التطور الحضاري و التنمية الذي تتميز به المناطق الأخرى، فهي مناطق شبه مهملة لا تمتد أليها يد العمران ألا في أماكن محددة و الأغراض خاصة
و الصحراء العراقية تشكل مساحة شاسعة تقدر ب (٥/٣) مساحة العراق ، لذا لابد وان تأخذ تلك المنطقة أهمية خاصة باعتبارها جزءا \"مهما\" من ارض العراق وثروته الطبيعية فهي. بالإضافة إلى ما تمتلكه من مو

ان جوهر فكرة المدينة هو أنها تخدم منطقة تابعة . والاصل في وظيفتها هو الجانب الاقليمي . والمدينة وجدت لتؤدي وظائف مركزية وعلى ضوئها تتحدد سيادتها على المساحات التي حولها
وان هذه السيادة نقل بالبعد عنها حتى تكاد تتلاشى بتاثير منافسة مدن اخرى . ان وظيفة المدينة في اقليمها ومدى سيادتها على المساحات التي حولها والتي تحكمها مستوى ومركزية وظائفها تندرج تحت مفهوم الاهمية الاقليمية للمدينة ، وعليه تتحدد اتجاهات نم

the research aims at exposing the role of information to activate tourism development and its movement in iraq < throught employing the importance of information elements ,  tools and rotations with tourism development with their impacts on it .

the study aimed to drive and test an urban technique from \"balance and unbalance concept\" in physical structure of old parts of cities depending on \"supply and demand system \" Detailed survey has been achieved to define architectural units patterns and urban functions that occupied it .

تعد المناطق الخضراء في المدينة ذات اهمية كبيرة ولها دورا اساس في توفير فرص الراحه والتمتع بمباهج الطبيعة لسكان المدن ,لذلك نرى ان دوائر البلدية والتخطيط العمراني تعمل على انشاء الكثير من المتنزهات والحدائة العامة , تحاول توزيعها على ارجاء المدينة وبما ينسجم ومتطلبات الاحياء السكنية وعدد السكان فيها