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Journal of Engineering College of Engineering | University of Baghdad
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ISSN: 1726-4073
eISSN: 2520-3339
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No. of publications: 2419
No. of views: 1488610
No. of Scopus citations: 19
No. of Crossref citations: 2233
Publication Date
Thu Feb 28 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Hydraulic Analysis and Performance Evaluation of Combined Trunk Sewers: A Case Study of Baghdad City.
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Sewer system plays an indispensable task in urban cities by protecting public health and the environment. The operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation of this network have to be in a sustainable and scientific manner. For this purpose, it is important to support operators, decision makers and municipalities with performance evaluation procedure that is based on operational factors. In this paper, serviceability and performance indicator (PI) principles are employed to propose methodology comprising two enhanced PI curves that can be used to evaluate the individual sewers depending on operational factors such as flowing velocity and wastewater level in the sewers. In order to test this methodology; a case study of al-Ru

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 01 2008
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
EVALUATION OF THE SACRIFICIAL ANODE CATHODIC PROTECTION OF CARBON STEEL IN 0.5M NACL USING EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
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This study examined the effect of Temperature (T); flow rate(F); and pH ; on the zinc consumption as sacrificial anode in cathodic protection of steel pipe carrying saline solution (i.e., 0.5 M NaCl) using a 23 factorial design. Rates of zinc consumption during cathodic protection were measured by weight loss technique and it ranges from 7.5x10-3 to 98.9x10-3 g/cm2.day. For the system under investigation, the cell responsible for cathodic protection is Zn/NaCl/Fe .It was found that both temperature and flow rate increases the zinc consumption while pH decreases it sharply.It was found also that the interaction between the temperature and pH
is the dominant term compared with other interactions.

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 01 2008
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
AUTOMATED APPROACH FOR COLOR IMAGE GENERATION
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We introduce a general technique for “generating” images by automatic transferring luminance and color between a source and a target images both can be in black/ white, grayscale and color images at any time. Although the general problem of adding luminance and chromatic values to a target image was not exact, so, the current approach attempts to provide a method to
help minimize the a mount of human labor required for this task. This method perform the image generating rely on luminance matching techniques between the source and target pixel neighborhood, and transfer the best pixels of neighborhood matching, i.e., luminance and chromatic information from source to target. The results demonstrate this technique introduce natural

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Ultimate Capacity and Load Transfer Mechanism of Ground Anchors in Granular Soils: State-of-the-Art
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The grouted ground anchor is the most used geotechnical element to transfer the tension load from the superstructure or the soil mass in front of the potential failure surface (active zone) to a deeper, efficient soil layer for its reliability and feasibility. It was originally constructed by inserting the tendon, usually a steel strand, into an already drilled borehole filled with cement grout. It was successfully used in the Cheurfas dam in Algeria in (1934). According to the load transfer mechanism, there are two types of ground anchors: tension-type and compression-type. The names of these two types of anchors refer to the developed stresses in the grouted body.  The present work presents a literature survey about t

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Finite Element Analysis of Shear Performance for Reinforced Concrete T-Beams by Polymer Bars Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Using Embedded Through Section Technique
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The purpose of this research presents the research results obtained from a numerical simulation using the ABAQUS/CAE version 2019 finite element software. This study tested the shear behavior of T-beams made of reinforced concrete (RC). The structure is reinforced with a carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) bar embedded through a section (ETS). The numerical validation approach implicated using numerical analysis on the experimental data collected from twelve reinforced concrete (RC) T-beams divide into two groups each group include reference beam, the field of numerical analysis was expanded to encompass the examination of many aspects, such as the impact of the diameter of CFRP bars. The main objective of this projec

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Employment Employment of Brick Residue in the Production of a Lightweight Concrete
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The important way to obtain lightweight concrete with compressive strength, density, and thermal insulation properties that differ from normal concrete was by adding materials with cementitious properties to the concrete mix instead of cement or using lightweight aggregate. In most cases, the compressive strength of the lightweight concrete produced was less than that of normal concrete. The aim of this research was to conduct three main objectives. The first objective is to produce lightweight concrete with good compressive strength compared to the same type of concrete by adding chemical additives (Super-Plasticizer S.P and Carbon Powder C.P) to the lightweight concrete mix. The second objective is to recycle the resid

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 09 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Selection of Optimal Conditions of Inulin Extraction from Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus Tuberosus L.) Tubers by using Ultrasonic Water Bath
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Ultrasonic extraction is an inexpensive, simple and efficient alternative to conventional extraction techniques, as compared with other novel extraction techniques such as microwave-assisted extraction & supercritical fluid extraction techniques, the ultrasound apparatus is cheaper and its operation is easier. Ultrasound assisted extraction has risen rapidly in the latest decade, and for most applications it has proven to be effective compared to traditional extraction techniques. In this paper, a method of ultrasonic-assisted extraction was used to extract Inulin from tubers of Jerusalem artichoke, which have been reported to have several medicinal properties and uses. Inulin is a storage carbohydrate found in many plants especially

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 13 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
A COUPLED DYNAMIC FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF SATURATED SANDS
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A general mixed finite element formulation (u - w - ) is presented in this paper. This formulation includes the inertia effects and the soil skeleton is considered compressible. The application of this formulation in solving soil dynamic problems of saturated sand is made by governing the boundary conditions concerning the pore fluid pressure. A problem of soil column subjected to an instantly applied surface loal is solved. The solid skeleton and pore fluid pressure are each modelled with ten 4- noded isoparametric elements. The results are compared with those obtained by Zienkiewic z et al. (1988)' It is concluded that the undamped response of displacement and pore pressure oscillates significantly with the increase of time step lenght

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 13 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
WELDING TECHNIQUE FOR IMPROVING QUALITY FOR SHEET METAL FABRICATION BY USING ROBOTIC WELDING CELL
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The aim of the present work is to study the controlling of weld defects and dimensions by using robot cell which associated with MIG/MAG welding process. The base metal is evaluated through the chemical analysis, mechanical tests and micro-structure tests, filler metal is also selected and analyzed according to AWS specification. The various welding conditions are chosen to be as suitable as possible such as welding current, arc voltage, travel speed, stick out, protective gases and there is another effective parameter called as torch inclination angles, which has an obvious effect on the weld bead dimensions. Robotic arc welding has been applied and analyzed for the welding of a complex sheet metal product named as product X-11. The pro

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 02 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Improving Voltage Stability in Kurdistan Power System in Areas with Deficit Power Production by Rescheduling the Active Power Based on PSS/E Simulation
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This paper aims to improve the voltage profile using the Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) in the power system in the Kurdistan Region for all weak buses. Power System Simulation studied it for Engineers (PSS\E) software version 33.0 to apply the Newton-Raphson (NR) method. All bus voltages were recorded and compared with the Kurdistan region grid index (0.95≤V ≤1.05), simulating the power system and finding the optimal size and suitable location of Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM)for bus voltage improvement at the weakest buses. It shows that Soran and New Koya substations are the best placement for adding STATCOM with the sizes 20 MVAR and 40 MVAR. After adding STATCOM with the sizes [20MVAR and 40MV

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 28 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Heat Transfer and Thermal Expansion of Coefficient EP -(MWCNT/x-TiO2)Nanocomposites
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The thermal properties (thermal transfer and thermal expansion coefficient) of the enhanced epoxy resin (MWCNT / x-TiO2) were studied by weight ratios with the values (0%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 10%) and a constant ratio of 3% of MWCNT. The ultrasonic technology was used to prepare the neat and composites which were then poured into Teflon molds according to standard conditions. Thermo-analyzer sensor technology was used to measure thermal transfer (thermal conductivity, thermal flow, thermal diffusion, thermal energy and heat resistance). The thermal conductivity, flow, and thermal conductivity values were increased sequentially by increasing the weight ratio of the filler while the results of stored energy values an

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Application of Box-Behnken Method Based ANN-GA to Prediction of wt.% of Doping Elements for Incoloy 800H Coated by Aluminizing-Chromizing
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In this work , an effective procedure of Box-Behnken based-ANN (Artificial Neural Network) and GA (Genetic Algorithm) has been utilized for finding the optimum conditions of wt.% of doping elements (Ce,Y, and Ge) doped-aluminizing-chromizing of Incoloy 800H . ANN and Box-Behnken design method have been implanted for minimizing hot corrosion rate kp (10-12g2.cm-4.s-1) in Incoloy 800H at 900oC . ANN was used for estimating the predicted values of hot corrosion rate kp (10-12g2.cm-4.s-1) . The optimal wt.% of doping elements combination to obtain minimum hot corrosion rate was calculated using genetic alg

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Scheme for Generating True Random Numbers using Electro-mechanical Switches
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This paper proposes a novel method for generating True Random Numbers (TRNs) using electromechanical switches. The proposed generator is implemented using an FPGA board. The system utilizes the phenomenon of electromechanical switch bounce to produce a randomly fluctuated signal that is used to trigger a counter to generate a binary random number. Compared to other true random number generation methods, the proposed approach features a high degree of randomness using a simple circuit that can be easily built using off-the-shelf components. The proposed system is implemented using a commercial relay circuit connected to an FPGA board that is used to process and record the generated random sequences. Applying statistical testing on the exp

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 25 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF FLOW FIELD INSIDE ARTERIES AND VEINS
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Numerical and experimental investigation of blood flow through stenotic and tapered arteries under pulsation condition are studied. Blood is considered as non-Newtonian fluid. Artery is considered as a rigid wall tapered vessel with different tapering angles (0.5o
, 1o ,1.5o ), as well as, straight vessel for comparison. The governing equations have been written in stream- vorticity method
and are transformed into generalized coordinate system. The time marching has been employed to solve the resulting partial differential equations. The experimental work carried out to examine pressure in vessel and pressure drop across the stenosis under pulsation condition. Differential pressure transducer coupled to the data acquision card

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2007
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
PATTERNS' ANALYSIS
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It is possible to infer some facts by capturing them directly or trying to trace their evolutions and changes mentally. This will guarantee human beings a sort of self-confidence, control and power. Some sustained patterns of natural, biological and human artifacts provide trusty physical and objective proofs on their success and service. The research claims that the secret beyond the success of these patterns lies in ambiguous or hidden or invisible orders within the seeming randomness and complexity. Successful systems reflect
distinguishable order when they reach a critical threshold of stability and self-organizing between their trends to connect and to compact. Then, patterns can reveal themselves and express their similar str

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 01 2007
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Removal Method Assessment Through Reduction Algae Count in Uncovered water Reservoir
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The Algae is considered as one of the major causes of some serious problems that occur in
water plants, rivers, lakes and irrigation channels. Those problems are the unpleasant taste and odor, the clogging of waterways, and others. Hence, the algae existing extensively in any water body is considered as an obvious indication of surface water pollution. Chemical control methods were used in this research for reducing the turbidity and Algae in the laboratory using the (Jar Test). This was done by using chemical materials like Alum with concentration (10 - 50 mg/l). The percentage of the reduction in the algae was (95%) and in turbidity (94%). It is shown also that when using KMnO4, CuSO4 and Cl, each separately after adding the idea

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2007
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
BLUNDER DETECTION TECHNIQUES IN ADJUSTMENT COMPUTATIONS
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In adjustment of geodetic and photogrammetric networks, the surveying engineer faces many
problems, such as errors of blunder nature in the observations (when comparing the homogeny of
precision) make these observations odd from the result, and effecting directly on observation values after
adjustment, and the statistical results after analysis as, adjusted coordinates of points, standard deviations,
and ellipse of errors.
The research is deal with some of the most common usage of statistical methods to detect these
odds observations to confirm which best method is, by studying the advantages and disadvantages of each
method to geodetic network.
Three statistical methods will use in the analysis, these are:-

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Using Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System to Predict Rate of Penetration from Dynamic Elastic Properties
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Rate of penetration plays a vital role in field development process because the drilling operation is expensive and include the cost of equipment and materials used during the penetration of rock and efforts of the crew in order to complete the well without major problems. It’s important to finish the well as soon as possible to reduce the expenditures. So, knowing the rate of penetration in the area that is going to be drilled will help in speculation of the cost and that will lead to optimize drilling outgoings. In this research, an intelligent model was built using artificial intelligence to achieve this goal.  The model was built using adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system to predict the rate of penetration in

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Impact Response for Two Designs of Athletic Prosthetic Feet
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The present work evaluated the differences in mechanical properties of two athletic prosthetic feet samples when subjected to impact while running. Two feet samples designated as design A and B were manufactured using layers of different orientations of woven glass fiber reinforced with unsaturated polyester resin as bonding epoxy. The samples’ layers were fabricated with hand lay-up method. A theoretical study was carried out to calculate the mechanical properties of the composite material used in feet manufacturing, then experimental load-deflection  test was applied at 0 degree position and 25 degree dorsiflexion feet position  and impact test were applied for both feet designs to observe the behavior

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Heat Transfer Analysis of Conventional Round Tube and Microchannel Condensers in Automotive Air Conditioning System
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In this paper, an experimental analysis of conventional air-cooled and microchannel condensers in automotive vapor compression refrigeration cycle concerning heat transfer coefficient and energy using R134a as a refrigerant was presented. The performance of two condensers and cycles tested regarding ambient temperature which it was varied from 40oC to 65oC, while the indoor temperature and load have been set to be 23oC and 2200 W respectively. Results showed that the microchannel condenser has 224 % and 77 % higher refrigerant side and air side heat transfer coefficient respectively than the coefficients of the conventional condenser. Thus, the COP, in case of using the microchannel

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Publication Date
Fri May 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Numerical Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement of Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Using Metal Foam Fins
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The influence of adding metal foam fins on the heat transfer characteristics of an air to water double pipe heat exchanger is numerically investigated. The hot fluid is water which flows in the inner cylinder whereas the cold fluid is air which circulates in the annular gap in parallel flow with water. Ten fins of metal foam (Porosity = 0.93), are added in the gap between the two cylinder, and distributed periodically with the axial distance. Finite volume method is used to solve the governing equations in porous and non-porous regions. The numerical investigations cover three values for Reynolds number (1000 ,1500, 2000), and Darcy number (1 x10-1, 1 x10-2, 1x10-3). The comparison betwee

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Experimental Investigation about the Effects of Blockage on Upstream Box Culverts
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This experimental study focuses on scouring in box culvert inlets under steady-state conditions and at different percentages of blockage ranging from 0% to 65%, and also looks at the hydraulics of water in the culvert. The investigation shows that the blockage of the culverts has influenced the scouring pattern at the blocked culverts' entrances. Ten experiments were carried out at the laboratory to see how blockage impacts the scouring pattern upstream of a box culvert during steady flow. Both partially blocked and unblocked cases were implemented in this study. The experimental tests were done until the equilibrium scour occurred, which took about 3.5 hours of water flow to reach equilibrium conditions.  The results r

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by Co-Precipitation Method at Different Conditions
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Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of iron oxide (Fe3O4) represent the most promising materials in many applications. MNPs have been synthesized by co-precipitation of ferric and ferrous ions in alkaline solution. Two methods of synthesis were conducted with different parameters, such as temperature (25 and 80 ̊C), adding a base to the reactants and the opposite process, and using nitrogen as an inert gas. The product of the first method (MNPs-1) and the second method (MNPs-2) were characterized by x-ray diffractometer (XRD), Zeta Potential, atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). AFM results showed convergent particle size of (MNPs-1) and (MNPs-2) with (86.01) and (74.14)

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 02 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
New Research Trends in Designing E-Government Architecture Based on Blockchain Technology
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Blockchain has garnered the most attention as the most important new technology that supports recent digital transactions via e-government. The most critical challenge for public e-government systems is reducing bureaucracy and increasing the efficiency and performance of administrative processes in these systems since blockchain technology can play a role in a decentralized environment and execute a high level of security transactions and transparency. So, the main objectives of this work are to survey different proposed models for e-government system architecture based on blockchain technology implementation and how these models are validated.  This work studies and analyzes some research trends focused on blockchain

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
The Influence of the Preparation and Stability of Nanofluids for Heat Transfer
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Recently the use of nanofluids represents very important materials. They are used in different branches like medicine, engineering, power, heat transfer, etc. The stability of nanofluids is an important factor to improve the performance of nanofluids with good results. In this research two types of nanoparticles, TiO2 (titanium oxide) and γ-Al2O3 (gamma aluminum oxide) were used with base fluid water. Two-step method were used to prepare the nanofluids. One concentration 0.003 vol. %, the nanoparticles were examined. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to accomplish these tests. The stability of the two types of nanofluids is measured by

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Evaluating Roads Network Connectivity for Two Municipalities in Baghdad-Iraq
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The road network serves as a hub for opportunities in production and consumption, resource extraction, and social cohabitation. In turn, this promotes a higher standard of living and the expansion of cities. This research explores the road network's spatial connectedness and its effects on travel and urban form in the Al-Kadhimiya and Al-Adhamiya municipalities. Satellite images and paper maps have been employed to extract information on the existing road network, including their kinds, conditions, density, and lengths. The spatial structure of the road network was then generated using the ArcGIS software environment. The road pattern connectivity was evaluated using graph theory indices. The study demands the abstractio

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 14 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Efficient Cost Management in the Housing Projects
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The cost management of cost indicators in housing projects, on the level of planning and design, is the most important quality indicators, for adoption of strategies of planning and design efficient in managing these indicators. So this research points out the need to highlight the most effective and influential cost indicators in housing projects, and to determine strategies in the management of these indicators in order to raise the efficiency of housing projects quality, to seemly the income level target group, taking into consideration the quality of housing standards, to achieve the basic requirements of housing. This paper highlights the importance of the cost  management, the types of housing cost, the method

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Review of Jet Grouting Practice around the World
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This paper aims to make a historical review of jet grouting techniques and encountered problems at different sites in several countries.  This review is a good guide to understanding the performance and limitations of improved soils or lands. The basic concept of jet grouting technology is to use cement as a binder to accelerate the hardening process of an admixture of material grout and soil. The different case history was conducted in both sand soil and clay soil in the horizontal and vertical direction. Other papers on field construction showed that the grout can be gelled within 5-10 minutes. Due to different cases and studies, these will help improve soil by supporting the foundation load with a minimal settlement.

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Performance Evaluation of Scalar Multiplication in Elliptic Curve Cryptography Implementation using Different Multipliers Over Binary Field GF (2233)
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This paper presents a point multiplication processor over the binary field GF (2233) with internal registers integrated within the point-addition architecture to enhance the Performance Index (PI) of scalar multiplication. The proposed design uses one of two types of finite field multipliers, either the Montgomery multiplier or the interleaved multiplier supported by the additional layer of internal registers. Lopez Dahab coordinates are used for the computation of point multiplication on Koblitz Curve (K-233bit). In contrast, the metric used for comparison of the implementations of the design on different types of FPGA platforms is the Performance Index.

The first approach attains a performance index

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 31 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Integration of Transportation Stations as Intermodal Stations
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Ease of transfer between different modes of public transportation within the stations is a significant contribution to the movement that can be provided by transportation industries to develop solutions of integrated transportation. It is future integrated multimodal transportation, to make public transportation more enjoyable and interesting, in addition to passenger transportation and future movement of goods are also depend on multimodal transportation The importance of interchange promotion between multimodal as a basic feature of passengers buildings in modern Railway Stations the Research problem:" con

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