Histidine was determined via measurement of total luminescence (i:e creation of chemiluminescence and insitu irradiation of released light to an acceptor fluorophore molecule to  initiate fluorescence from fluorescien molecule in flat – spiral micro cell designed for this measurement . A detailed description of robust linear equation for the range of 0.002 – 0.05 mol.L-1 for a sample size of 70 µL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9879 and a coefficient of determination of 97.59% while for a quadratic model of the same concentration range was 0.9881 correlation coefficient and 97.63% coefficient of determination. Analysis of variance was conducted for both kinds of models . It indicated that their was no significa

     The 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-bearing compounds are among the most attractive classes for researchers because of their biological processes. The study used a current show of quinazoline-4-one and oxazine-4-one derivatives (8-13) were synthesized. Firstly; the reaction of benzyl salicylate was reacted with hydrazine hydrate (99%) to give 2-hydroxybenzohydrazide (1) then the produced was reacted with carbon disulfide dissolved in absolute ethanol and potassium hydroxide to make 2-(5-mercapto-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenol (2). After that, compound (2) was treated with ethyl chloroacetate to give ethyl 2-((5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thio)acetate (3). Hydrazine hydrate and compound (3) interacted to create 2-((5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is  a common kind of excruciating mouth mucosal disease. Despite their high prevalence, etiopathogenesis remains unclear. This study was to investigate the concentration of Interleukin 2 (IL-2) and Interleukin 12 (IL-12) in the saliva of RAS. Eighty people were involved In this study (forty RAS patients and forty healthy controls), their ages ranged (from 16 - 60) years. The sandwich enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay was used to assess Interleukin 2 (IL-2) and Interleukin 12 (IL-12) concentrations in saliva in each group. The salivary concentrations of Interleukin 2 (IL-2) and Interleukin 12 (IL-12) was  significantly higher in the patient group (159.06 ± 20.37), (331.32 ± 94.42) respectively  in

     Antioxidant compounds are considered essential materials because they prevent or reduce free radical side chain reactions, which cause much damage. It is widely acknowledged that these damages are a major contributing factor to numerous diseases. Phenolic antioxidants are considered one of the most important antioxidant species. There is ample evidence that the antioxidant substances found in fruits and vegetables can prevent various diseases such as cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and cataracts. The food and pharmaceutical industries also make extensive use of it. Additionally, quite several phenolic medicinal compounds for anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-necrotic, hepato-protective, and neuroprotective purposes possess an

A new ligand (5-(2-benzamido-N-methylacetamido)-4-((3,4,5-trimethoxycyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl) methyl) pyrimidine-2-yl) amino)boric acid was synthesized by the reaction of trimethoprim amide derivative with boric acid, as well as its metal complexes with Co (II), Ni (II), and Pt (IV). Spectral methods such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) spectra, along with thermal analysis (TG/DTA), elemental analysis (CHN), and melting point, were used to characterize the synthesized compounds. This study conducted additional examinations for metal complexes, including molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, chloride, and metal content. All synthe

     Transition ion complexes have various commercial and technical uses, including antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer medications and catalysts; their characteristics are critical regarding their kinetic impact. This study aims to synthesize new complexes, copper and nickel complexes, characterize them using spectral techniques, determine their chloride content, evaluate their anti-oxidant effect, and examine the antibacterial activity of the ligands and their complexes against gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus), gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), and Candida albicans. All chemicals were used strictly as provided, with no additional purification; CuCl₂.2H₂O and Ni(

Open sets may be viewed as an extension of semi-open sets by applying the notions of semi-open sets and grill nano to nGs-open sets, with the following four goals in mind: The objective is to characterize nGs-open sets by examining and proving numerous of its attributes and comments. And investigate and define new kinds of functions based on the concept of nGs-open sets, using sets of nGs-open sets, we will define a new  type of Compact type and call it nGs-open compact then we will find the relationship between these new types of Compact type with nano compact. We will also talk about the relationship between nano grill semi-open sets and continuous functions and the relationship between nano grill semi-open sets and irresolute fun

     In the current research work, the prepared new ligand 3hydroxy-2-(3-(4-nitro-benzoyl) thiouriedo) propanoic acid (NTP) has undergone synthesis through the reactions of 4-nitrobenzol isothiocyanate with the serine amino acid; its complex has been studied by effects of the temperature ranging within (25-45 ^oC) and various concentrations on molar conductivity values from Arinus' law application, by which decomposition constant and uniform molar conductivity is determined. The thermo0dynamic parameters (i.e., ΔS, ΔG, and ΔH) have been estimated and then discussed. Results have shown that the level of the molar conductivity increases with the degree of temperature and decreases with the increase of the concentration usi

The study of important physico-chemical factors of water of Al-Husainia creek during the period of May 2005 till the end of April 2006 indicated that water temperature showed clear monthly fluctuations ranged from 10 C° during January to 33 C° during August. Dissolved oxygen values ranged from 5.5 mg/ml during August to 14.8 mg/ml during January. Slight monthly changes were noticed in pH values, ranged from 7.7 during May to 9 during January. Also, slight monthly changes were recorded in salinity values which ranged from 0.67 ppt during October to 0.91 ppt during May. Clear fluctuation occurred in turbidity values which ranged from 12 cm during April to 177 cm during January. From the above results, it is clear that Al-Husainia cre

     Due to superficial particles and remarkable packing technologies, the HALO-HILIC column outperformed regular porous columns in terms of analysis time. This study analyzes and identifies kaempferol and luteolin flavonoids in natural herbs. A fast, novel chromatographic method combining superficially porous silica particles packed in a column served as the separation tool for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled with a UV detection system is being introduced in this work. Flavonoid separation and quantification took six minutes using only superficial porous particles in the HILIC column compared to hours using fully porous particles in the RP columns. The findings demonstrated that the HILIC mode

     Flucloxacillin (Flx) derivative metal complexes(2S,5R,6R)-6-({[3-(2-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl] carbonyl}amino)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane-2-methyl aster and proline with CoII, NiII, CuII, ZnII and CdII. They were synthesized and identified using physicochemical techniques, including elemental analysis CHNS, metal analysis AA, Uv-Vis, FTIR, TGA, magnetic susceptibility, and conductivity measurement. This study aims to investigate the coordination behavior of flucloxacillin and proline, analyze their structural and electronic properties, and evaluate their potential biological activities against bacterial and fungal strains. Additionally, theoretical calculations usin

     Doxycycline is one of the tetracycline-class antibiotics used to treat bacterial and protozoan infections. The development method aimed to determine the Doxycycline hyclate in pharmaceutical drugs using a novel, rapid, and sensitive colorimetric-flow injection approach. The adopted method depended on forming a purplish violet colour complex for the doxycycline hyclate-ammonium chloroaurate reagent in an alkali medium, which a homemade SFI Analyzer measured. Both the physical and chemical variables were analyzed and improved. The calibration plot was linear in the 5-70 μg.mL-1 for the green light source, with a correlation coefficient r=0.9976 using the peak height of green light. The limit of detection was 0.5

     Melatonin (Mel) is a conserved chemical that has been found in far-removed evolutionary organisms. Additionally, it has been proposed that Mel is a stand-alone plant growth regulator whose action is presumably similar to that of IAA and may moderate the effects of other plant growth regulators. Twelve medicinal herbs were divided into parts, and their melatonin concentrations were measured. These plants Ziziphus spina-christi, , Eucalyptus comaldulensis, Melissa officinalis,  Alhagi maurorum, Lavandula angustifolia, Vitex agnus-sactus, Piper nigrum, Hordeum vulgare, Matricaria chamomilla, Borago  officinalis, Solanum lycopersicum and Citrus aurantium  . Methanol was used to extract melatoni

     Antibacterial substances belong to a group of compounds that attack dangerous microorganisms. Therefore, killing bacteria or reducing their metabolic activity will lessen their adverse effects on a biological system. They originated from either synthetic materials, microbes, or mold. Many of these medications treat the gram-negative bacteria from the critical precedence group, such as Pseudomonas, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter, and Enterobacterales. This study aims to investigate the simultaneous analysis of specific antibacterial spectrophotometrically. The WHO maintains this list of priority infections with antibiotic resistance. Drug combinations in single dosage forms are becoming increasingly popular in the pharmaceuti

     This work includes the synthesis and characterization of new compounds that contain 5H-thiazolo[4,3-b][1,3,4] thiadiazol united in multiple steps, starting with the synthesis of the aldehyde compound [I] by reaction chloro ethyl acetate with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde in the presence of ethanol and potassium carbonate, followed by reactions with thiosemicarbazide, mercapto acetic acid in sulphuric acid to produce compound [II] then reflux compound [II] with hydrazine hydrate to product compound [III], after that reaction the later compound with n-alkoxybenzaldehyde [IV]_n and a few drops of piperidine in THF as a solvent to produce new Schiff᾽s-bases compounds contain 5H-thiazolo [4,3-b] [1,3,4] thiadiazol unite [V]n, FTIR

     Comsol multiphysics software is established to make a simulation that is comparable with experimental device. by utilizing comsol, the positive column domain of direct-current glow discharge with argon is considered for both of different applied voltage and working gas pressure. The calculations are exhibited by using a precise collision cross sections and Townsend coefficients for the argon. The impacts of voltage and pressure on the Debye length, number of particles in Debye sphere and plasma frequency are calculated and graphically delineated. With this regard to the dependence of plasma parameters on the applied voltage and pressure, some of them are found to be compatible with the experimental

In response to the water crisis, further research is necessary to comprehend the impact of human activities on nutrient concentrations in aquatic ecosystems, building on the extensive studies already conducted to understand these impacts on the water quality of various aquatic ecosystems. We hypothesized that human activities in the Tigris River's catchments could alter the nutrient concentrations in the water along the river. The results showed that phosphate concentration differed significantly among the studied sites due to distributed human activities, while nitrate concentration did not. Water temperature did not affect phosphate and nitrate concentrations. We concluded that human activities on the surrounding landscapes could be mo

     Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. It may be due to impaired insulin secretion, resistance to insulin's peripheral actions, or both. The aim of this study was to estimate the percentage impact of obesity on the incidence of DM, as well as compare the levels of Apelin-36, glutathione-S-transferase, and insulin resistance (IR) in subjects with and without DM for both sexes. This study included 120 subjects, divided into 60 as a control group and 60 as a patient group of both sexes; all were adults between the ages of 30 and 65. The participants with fasting blood sugar, lipid profile, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), apelin-36, body mass index, insulin hor

Although considered a good alternative to organophosphate pesticides, there are reports indicating adverse effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on reproduction. The present work was designed to determine the chronic effects of orally administered for treated with 20 mg/kg/b.w. of imidacloprid pesticides and treated with 20 mg/kg/b.w. of nano-imidacloprid on biochemical blood profile in male rats for a duration of 60 d. Result: the exposure caused a significant decline in red blood cells (RBCs) and hemoglobin (H.b.) in all treated groups compared with the control, while causing an increase in blood platelets (PLT) and white blood cells (WBCs) in all rats treated as compared with the control rats. Furthermore, oxidative stress parameters

We conducted a study on the quality of non-diatom planktonic algae in the Tigris River during the autumn 2022 and winter 2023 seasons. The study focused on the impact of the medical city waste discharge to the Tigris River at three sites: Al-Sarafiya Bridge in the north, Medical City, and the Bab Al-Mu'adam Bridge in the south of Khader Elias. The study also examined some physical and chemical variables of the river water. Findings showed that there are 74 species (38 genera) of non-diatom algae in four orders. The blue-green algae Cyanophyceae and Chlorophyceae had the most species, with 35 species belonging to 19 genera and 16 genera per division, or 47% of all algae. Euglenophyceae had 5%, with 3 species and 2 genera, and Chrysophycea

In this present study, a clinically isolated of Pseudomonas spp. from a variety of sources, such as burn patients, wound infections, and UTI patients, that can produce melanin pigment in the presence of 2 % L-tyrosine in both liquid and solid media. These bacteria were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on morphological, biochemical, and VITEK-2 compact system analysis. The higher melanin producer isolate Ps81, which produces melanin at rate of 3.018933 µg/ml, has been chosen for further investigation steps. The pigment was extracted by several steps of alkali dissolving and acid precipitation followed by washing with organic solvents. Chemical analysis of the pigment particles revealed that they were acid resistant, al

In this work, the conditions of the occurrence of the local bifurcation (such as saddle-node, trans critical ,and pitchfork) of all steady points of a food chain model. With fear and Growly-Martin functional response have been established. It is observed that there is a trans critical and  pitchfork bifurcations near each of  , where as a saddle-node bifurcation near the positive equilibrium point have been occurred. Finally, numerical simulation was used to illustrate the occurrence of the bifurcation of the proposed model.

Crude oil is known globally as one of the major causes of environmental pollution. This chemical compound exerts exhausting impacts on cultivable lands and water surfaces, leading to profound damage to agriculture and aquatic life. Over the years, several bioremediation approaches have evolved to manage this pollution problem properly. A phylum of microorganisms known as cyanobacteria offers an efficient alternative to established bioremediation methods. We conducted the present study to investigate the effectiveness of cyanobacteria in eliminating residual total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH). Synechococcus algae treated three concentrations of crude oil (0.6, 1.8, and 3 ppm) over four time periods (on days 3, 6, 9, and 12). The g

     Novel heterocyclic acid-base indicators 8-[3-(phenol)azo] theophylline (PAT) and 8[1-(6-sulfonic acid naphthalene) azo] theophylline (SAT) were synthesized through the reaction between m-amino phenol and 1-amino naphthalene -6-sulfonic acid with sodium nitrite to form the diazonium salt at a temperature 0-5˚C in an acidic medium, then a coupling process between the diazonium salt and theophylline compound to produce pigments at the same temperature while maintaining the PH level at 5-6. This study aims to prepare acid-base indicators based on azo dyes. The structural features of these indicators were examined via elemental analyses [FTIR, UV-Vis, and HNMR] spectroscopies, thermal analysis (TGA), and scanning el

Periodontitis is a common disorder caused by imbalanced plaque biofilms and associated with gradual deterioration of the teeth supporting apparatus. Obesity is documented as a significant health concern and considered a primary risk factor for the progression of many diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, malignancies, and periodontitis. Proinflammatory cytokines released in response to these health conditions are of great importance and establish the link between diagnosis and treatment. The present study was conducted to assess levels of chemerin and visfatin in saliva and to evaluate the impact of obesity on periodontitis. Ninety participants were included in the study and dived into three groups: (Group I: obese and periodontitis

Sodium thiosulfate (STS) is a possible therapeutic candidate molecule in a range of diseases and drug-induced toxicities due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic capabilities. The current study aimed to find the effective dose of STS in adult male rats given nicotine by evaluating serum MDA and blood partial pressure of oxygen (PO₂) levels. Thirty-six adult male Wistar rats, Rattus norvegicus (weighing 190–220 g) with an age of 3–3.5 months,  were chosen randomly and separated into six equal groups, administered for 28 days. Animals in the control group were administered an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of normal saline, while those in groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 received repeated doses of an

An inherited tendency is necessary for the manifestation of celiac disease (CD), an autoimmune, gluten-sensitive, inflammatory disorder of the small intestine. Gluten, a storage protein in cereals, causes CD. An increase in oxidant compound generation, surpassing the capacity of the endogenous antioxidant system, causes oxidative stress (OS). This study aims to evaluate some oxidants and antioxidants factors in Iraqi females with CD. This hospital-based cross-sectional study at Baghdad Educational Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, involved 100 female participants of reproductive age. Tests have been measured, such as total oxidants (TOS), total antioxidants (TAS), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), nitric oxide (NO), total protein (TP), and

        The goal of this work, is to examine the concept of a double centralizer, and double Jordan centralizer on prime and semiprime Г-rings, this is done by studying examples, remarks and results related to that concepts and looking for the conditions under which T equal S, we prove the results, the first result, let A be a semiprime Γ-ring and T is a left centralizer, S is a right centralizer, and they fulfilling x  T(y) = S (x)  y,  for each x  A,    Γ, thence (T,S) is a double centralizer. The second, let A be a prime Γ-ring, U be a not equal zero ideal of A, such that, T is a left centralizer, S is a right centralizer, and fulfilling x T(y) = S (x)  y, for each x,

The effect of couple stress, slip condition, changing rotation, and other variables on the peristaltic flow of Powell-Eyring fluid in an inclined asymmetric channel with an inclining magnetic field through a porous media is investigated in this study. Constitutive equations obeying the Powell-Eyring fluid model are employed. In flow analysis, assumptions such as a low Reynolds number and a long wavelength approximation are used. The stream function and mechanical efficiency have closed form expressions devised. The stream function is expressed mathematically. Through the collection of figures, the impact of various criteria is explained and graphically represented Through the collection of figures, the impact has been explained of the Ha

Using an electrochemical polymerization technique at room temperature, poly nicotine amide (PNA) was produced from the monomer nicotine amide (NA) in aqueous solution. The structure of polymer layer generated on the stainless steel surface (316 L) (working electrode) is investigated by Fourier Transmission Infrared Region (FT-IR). The anti-corrosion activity of polymer coating on the stainless steel (SS 316 L) is investigated by electrochemical polarization in 0.20M solution of HCl at 293-323K. The graphene -modified polymer film-coated SS had greater protection efficiency (PE percent) when compared to Nano ZnO -modified polymer film-coated SS. For the corrosion process of SS 316 L, kinetic and thermo-dynamic parameters of activation are