In this research, the concentration of radon gas has been calculated in the classrooms of schools in Diyala Governorate by using the nuclear track detector (CR-39), which was one of the organic solid-state nuclear detectors (SSNTDs). After calculating the radon gas concentration, the lung cancer cases were calculated. The results showed that the lowest value was found in (Alshumue) school (4.753) people. In contrast, the highest value was found in (Habhib) school (20.421). The average values of lung cancer cases in Diyala governorate were equal to (9.319) per person. The results showed that the number of lung cancer cases per year per million persons in Diyala Governorate schools was below the allowed limit from (ICRP) agency (170-230) p

A fracture is a damage to bone tissue that causes damage to the tissue surrounding the bone and may penetrate the skin. Subjects and methods: the present study included (80) fractured Iraqi patients (and 40) patients with DM2 and (40) without DM2 and compared them with (40) healthy control. Patients and control are matched in age. This study showed a significant increase in retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and a considerable decrease in Vit .A GPT and GOT in fracture patients with and without DM2. In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between RBP4 with (GPT and GOT) in fracture patients with DM2 and a significant positive correlation between RBP4 with (GPT and GOT) in fracture patients without DM2.          

This study presents the execution of an iterative technique suggested by Temimi and Ansari (TA) method to approximate solutions to a boundary value problem of a 4th-order nonlinear integro-differential equation (4th-ONIDE) of the type Kirchhoff which appears in the study of transverse vibration of hinged shafts. This problem is difficult to solve because there is a non-linear term under the integral sign, however, a number of authors have suggested iterative methods for solving this type of equation. The solution is obtained as a series that merges with the exact solution. Two examples are solved by TA method, the results showed that the proposed technique was effective, accurate, and reliable. Also, for greater reliability, the approxim

The free electron laser (FEL) represents a significant advance over conventional laser systems by allowing a wide range of operating wavelengths without changing the active laser medium or undergoing extensive redesign. Central to this ability is the Wiggler component, which influences many of the properties of the emitting laser through its wavelength ( ) This study investigates the influence of ( ) on the FEL's performance metrics, including magnetic field strength, photon wavelength, and laser power, by utilizing MATLAB R2023a for simulation. The study employs a set of equations to explore how variations in ( ) affect these parameters. The undulator's role, a critical component of the FEL, is analyzed for its ability to convert high-s

This research presents a synthesis approach for BSCCO superconductor with barium (Ba) substitution, involving a minor substitution at a fixed ratio of lead (Pb) and europium (Eu) through the chemical sol-gel method. The systematic exploration involves incorporating 0.1 of Eu instead of Bi into the BSCCO matrix to comprehend its impact on superconducting properties and the feasibility of producing superconducting material using the sol-gel route. Superconductor samples denoted as Bi_1.6Pb_0.3Eu_0.1Sr_2-yBa_yCa₂Cu₃O_10+δ, where y varies from 0.0 to 0.3, were prepared. The investigation focused on understanding the effect of partially substituting Ba for Sr o

This study investigates new concepts in grill topological spaces by employing specified sets in which the α-open sets are defined. Many scholars, such as Choquet, who is considered the first to lay the foundation stone for the concept of a grill and formulate its definition, were interested in studying it. After that, many attempts have been made to study the properties associated with this concept and to understand the relationships among these properties. There are several types of grill topological spaces, including discrete and cofinite topologies. Properties of this set and certain relationships are studied, as well as examining a group of functions, like open, closed, and continuous functions, determining their relation with each

The efficiency of solar systems was developed through the design of a torus waveguide, which provides high flexibility in the design of the solar system. The design was simulated using the optical design program (ANSYS Zemax Optic Studio 2022). The circular cross-section torus waveguide was shaped like the letters (U, S) to transmit solar radiation through total internal reflection inside the waveguide to the receiver (solar cell or thermal reservoir). To improve the solar system's efficiency, a group of optical parameters related to the waveguide's shape were changed to demonstrate the effect of changing them on the system's performance. These parameters include the radius of curvature of the waveguide, the width of the entry apertures,

 In this paper, the oscillation property and the asymptotic behavior of solutions of neutral second-order differential Equations of the Emden-Fowler type were studied under the influence of the coefficients of forces. It has been shown through this research that the coefficients of forces in addition to the Emden-Fowler type have a major role on the oscillation of solutions of neutral Equations. As well as its effect on the convergence and divergence of nonoscillatory solutions. For this purpose, some conditions are obtained to ensure that all solutions of the neutral Equations Emden-Fowler type oscillating or nonoscillating go to ∞, as t → ∞. Some of these conditions are the development of conditions similar to them in some of th

The pathogen "Pseudomonas aeruginosa" is extremely hazardous for people with weak immune systems because it has several virulence factors and can resist antibiotics. During the time period between October 2022 and February 2023, 102 specimens from different clinical sources, including burn, mid-stream urine, wound, ear, and sputum were collected. From 102 clinical specimens, only 33 isolates (32.35%) of P. aeruginosa were identified by Phenotypic characteristics, a biochemical test, the Vitek-2 compact system, and confirmed by Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The antibiotic susceptibility test AST was done by the Vitek 2-Compact system. The highest resistance percentages were for Cephalosporin category at 8

This study's primary objective was to create nanotechnology-based, precisely regulated drug delivery devices. Antibiotic Amoxicillin was chosen, and chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) were chosen to transport the medicine. Using the ionic gelation process, chitosan solution NPs were synthesized using tripolyphosphate (TPP). Antibiotic-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) were then used to create a nanocomposite with good performance. The resultant nanocomposite can be put to use as an effective, non-toxic antimicrobial agent. CMCS has a considerably wider range of uses as an anti-bacterial agent than chitosan since it is soluble in a wide pH range. Due to its water solubility, Ten S. mutans isolates were purified in two mediums, making it e

Thin films (CuxZn1-xS) with x = 0.75 nano crystallized were deposited from the alloy on glass substrates in a vacuum ~ 2 × 10− 5 mbar by thermal evaporation technique with 450±20 nm thickness. The effects of annealed temperature (deposits, 423, 523, and 623) K for one hour on the structure, morphology, and optical properties of Copper Zinc Sulfide (CZS) films were investigated. The structural properties of Cu0.75Zn0.25S films were examined using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique as a function of annealed temperatures. XRD presented the Cu0.75Zn0.25S films as polycrystalline in the environment by a mixed hexagonal structure of CuS-ZnS, preferred orientation along the (201) plane, and crystallite size varying from 8.41-23.28 nm wit

     Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms depend on different algorithms to track moving objects. The surrounding environment, like lightness, affects detection accuracy. A new algorithm is designed to detect moving objects in real time automatically and calculate the speed of tested objects based on the deep learning algorithm RCNN using MATLAB software. The suggested system consists of a phone camera, four balls in different colors (red, green, blue, and black), and various environmental lights consisting of eight lights. Two luxmeters were used to check the light intensity around the ball and the camera phone. Detecting moving objects has gained a lot of desirability because of its applications like video surveillance, person m

     Nuclear fusion technology for power production is considered a renewable and clean energy source, and it is used in many applications such as scientific research, systems for electrical energy production, and fast charge particles such as protons, alpha particles, electrons, beta particles, positrons, etc. In addition, there exists another application such as materials irradiation and artificial elements production. There exist more than 51 fusion reactions in nature. The most important thermonuclear fusion reactions are those used in one of the common hydrogen isotopes such as deuterium, the D-D and D-³He reactions. A laboratory fusion cross-section data fitting equations are calculated theoretically by using the lea

Out of 207 specimens,118 Enterococcus faecalis isolates were obtained from different sources (urine, root canal, wound, vagina, and blood). The commonest sites of infections were the root canal (50.8%), followed by the urinary tract (38.1%), wound (8.4%), and the vagina (2.5%). Urine, root canal, and wound samples from individuals aged 20–40 years old showed the highest prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis isolates, except for the vagina, where those over 40 years old recorded the highest rates of isolates. According to gender, females had the highest prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis isolates in urine, root canal, and vaginal samples, with the exception of the wound source, where males had a higher rate of isolates

 Otitis media is one of the most common types of ear infections, plus bacteria are to blame. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most frequently diagnosed pathogen causing this infection. P. aeruginosa has virulence factors that lead to damage to the middle ear mucosa. This study was conducted to identify Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing chronic suppurative otitis media and to determine its antibiotic sensitivity. A total of (100) ear swabs were collected from patients suffering from otitis media attending the ENT outpatient clinic at Baghdad Teaching Hospital from July 2022 till the end of December 2022. Age range was (18-75) years. Identification of bacteria and biochemical testing and antibiotic sensitivit

     Due to several environmental contaminants, the textile industry's wastewater disposal presents significant dangers, including to drinkable water. This study aims to synthesize polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and examine how well it adsorbs methyl green color from aqueous solutions. The synthesis steps were performed after the PAN was characterized using various techniques, including FTIR, SEM, EDS, TGA-DSC, and XRD. Research was conducted on the quantity of adsorbent utilized, the initial concentration, and the contact time. All of these factors were shown to impact the adsorption process. The findings indicated that a dose of 0.01 g, an initial concentration of 30 mg/L, and a contact duration of 60 minutes produced the best r

This research dealt with the preparation and study of the properties of (In 2O3) as a film. Indium films were used by the vacuum thermal evaporation technique on a glass base, and then these films were thermally treated at a temperature of 300 in the presence of oxygen for some time (30, 60, 90, 120) minutes to obtain films. Through X-ray diffraction examinations, atomic force microscopy, and ultraviolet radiation, the thin, transparent indium films revealed that the prepared films are cubic crystalline semiconducting materials. The dominant orientation of this crystal is 222, and the energy gap ranges between 2.1 and 2.7 eV. It can be prepared in the form of a film and varies with the oxidation times and depends on the surface roughness

     The configurations of the nuclear shell model were employed to study and inspect the form factor of a scattering electron in the ⁵⁸Ni nucleus. The wave function of the model space was obtained through the (fp-orbits) and (fpd6) effective interactions within the model space by utilizing the Harmonic Oscillator wave functions as a single particle's wave function. In the (fp-LS) shell, the correction for the main calculations of model space was performed by the 1^st-order perturbation theory to estimate the effects of core polarization with the (2ℏω) energy of excitation that has been carried out. Core polarization combined the model space with the discarded space (higher configuration core)

     This research has been conducted to determine the level of radioactive contamination from uranium and some heavy elements (Pb, Cd, Ni  & Cu) in 60 blood samples taken from individuals living in four areas (Ishtar, Jeser Diyala, AL-Wardiya, and Tameem) near the Iraqi Atomic Energy Organization, south of Baghdad, bordered by the Tigris River to the west and the Diyala River to the north. This organization was established in 1967 and was used for legitimate nuclear operations. It was targeted during the Gulf Wars in 1991 and 2003, leading to leaks of containers containing uranium oxides and radioactive sources from the organization to surrounding areas. Living near a nuclear testing site exposes residents to internal and exter

A new ligand (5-(2-benzamido-N-methylacetamido)-4-((3,4,5-trimethoxycyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl) methyl) pyrimidine-2-yl) amino)boric acid was synthesized by the reaction of trimethoprim amide derivative with boric acid, as well as its metal complexes with Co (II), Ni (II), and Pt (IV). Spectral methods such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) spectra, along with thermal analysis (TG/DTA), elemental analysis (CHN), and melting point, were used to characterize the synthesized compounds. This study conducted additional examinations for metal complexes, including molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, chloride, and metal content. All synthe

     Transition ion complexes have various commercial and technical uses, including antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer medications and catalysts; their characteristics are critical regarding their kinetic impact. This study aims to synthesize new complexes, copper and nickel complexes, characterize them using spectral techniques, determine their chloride content, evaluate their anti-oxidant effect, and examine the antibacterial activity of the ligands and their complexes against gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus), gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), and Candida albicans. All chemicals were used strictly as provided, with no additional purification; CuCl₂.2H₂O and Ni(

Open sets may be viewed as an extension of semi-open sets by applying the notions of semi-open sets and grill nano to nGs-open sets, with the following four goals in mind: The objective is to characterize nGs-open sets by examining and proving numerous of its attributes and comments. And investigate and define new kinds of functions based on the concept of nGs-open sets, using sets of nGs-open sets, we will define a new  type of Compact type and call it nGs-open compact then we will find the relationship between these new types of Compact type with nano compact. We will also talk about the relationship between nano grill semi-open sets and continuous functions and the relationship between nano grill semi-open sets and irresolute fun

Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) technology has offered a good solution tool for automating toll collection system processing and contributing solutions to complications such as traffic congestion, environmental problems, and operational inefficiencies. The investigation focuses on improving and organizing an ANPR-based system to allow smooth toll charging and letting cars pass through toll gates without pausing. The suggested system uses a deep learning algorithm and developed image processing techniques to consistently detect and recognize license plates of vehicles in real-time, even in difficult conditions, for instance, fast motion, low lighting, and bad weather. The ANPR system is connected to a centralize

     The problem of estimating the number of clusters k is considered one of the major challenges for partition clustering. The k-means algorithm is a division-based clustering method where only objects are entered into a set of K, and the algorithm decides the number group initially, but there is no specific way to estimate the best number for the cluster. The outcome of the clustering process can be better after being performed in more than one attempt. Therefore, the optimal count of iterations can be identified through a steady method in advance that can determine the time and number of rounds. So, the problem is finding the optimal number (k) in an easy and fast way. The aim of this paper is to use a genetic algorithm (GA) with

    The summary purpose of this work: We extending certain results on α-centralizer of inverse semiring under specific conditions, achieve new results on lie ideal of inverse semiring with some consequent collieries, generalize assorted α-centralizer for lie ideal of inverse semiring with some collieries, investigate significant theorems on jordan α-centralizer of prime inverse semiring and we extend certain results of centralizers and jordan centralizers on lie-ideals of prime semi-rings to prime inverse semi-ring, we generalizing the results of Mary in to α-centralizer on semiring, Also we generalize our results on lie ideals of inverse semiring. We extending the results of Shafiq,  Aslam,  Javed to  centraliz

In this paper, the effect of a couple–stress and other variables on the peristaltic flow of Sutterby fluid in an inclined asymmetric channel containing a porous medium with heat transfer is examined. In the presence of rotation and couple–stress, mathematical modeling is developed using constitutive equations based on the model of Sutterby fluid. In flow analysis, assumptions such as long wavelength approximation and low Reynolds number are used. The resulting nonlinear equation was numerically solved using the perturbation method. The effects of various physical parameters such as the couple-stress parameter, the Grashof number, the Hartmann number, the Reynold number, the Froude number, the Hall parameter, the Darcy number, the mag

The main purpose of this paper is to study a predator – prey dynamical system consisting of three species prey, specialized predator and generalist predator namely H (t), I (t) and J (t) respectively, w food web and refuge for the prey and specialized predator population. The consider system has five equilibrium points  A₀=(0, 0, 0),  A₁=(1, 0, 0), A₂=(h, i, 0), A₃=(h, 0, j), and the positive equilibrium point A₄=(h, i, j)   .The stability and bifurcation of the equilibrium points was studied and the main influence was the qualitative behavior of the solution. It was found that A₀  was unstable while the other equilibrium points are stable

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a rapid global demand for the development of several vaccines by the scientific community. Vaccination contributes to preventing infection associated with symptoms and reduces the risk of infection by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Pfizer and Sinopharm vaccines and their relationship to occupation, residence, pregnancy, mass index, and smoking. This study was conducted in Diyala Province, Iraq, for the period from April 2022 to May 2023. A total of 266 blood samples were collected. Written consent was obtained by the Research Ethics Committee in the Diyala Health Department(DHD/No-

     In this paper, the conditions under which the occurrence of the local bifurcation (such as saddle-node (SN), transcritical (TC), and pitchfork (PT)) of all stable points of a food web model have been investigated. Fear and anti-predator responses involving the Holling-type IV and Growly-Martin functional responses have been found. It has been shown that there are transcritical and pitchfork bifurcations near  H₃, H₄, and H₆  as well as a saddle-node bifurcation close to the positive equilibrium point. In addition, there is a saddle-node bifurcation in close to the positive equilibrium point. These divergences have materialised into existence. In conclusion, To prove that the analytical

     In the current research work, the prepared new ligand 3hydroxy-2-(3-(4-nitro-benzoyl) thiouriedo) propanoic acid (NTP) has undergone synthesis through the reactions of 4-nitrobenzol isothiocyanate with the serine amino acid; its complex has been studied by effects of the temperature ranging within (25-45 ^oC) and various concentrations on molar conductivity values from Arinus' law application, by which decomposition constant and uniform molar conductivity is determined. The thermo0dynamic parameters (i.e., ΔS, ΔG, and ΔH) have been estimated and then discussed. Results have shown that the level of the molar conductivity increases with the degree of temperature and decreases with the increase of the concentration usi