The aim of this study was to conduct the effect of environmental conditions
(temperature degree and relative humidity) for three seasons ( winter , spring
and summer) on some physiological, productive and functional parameters of
Friesain dairy cow and their relation with two different lactational stages (
Second and third lactational stages). This study was carried out in Al-Tathamin
Dairy plan, Al-Dijyla'a ( Iraqi – Jordan Company) at Waist province. Thirty
dairy cows were selected and divided in two groups, each group contains fifteen
cows depended on lactation stage. Blood sample were collected at monthly
intervals for hematological examination viz; packed cell volume haemoglobin,
milk yield and milk trai

One hundred samples of ration, protein, corn, soybean, and wheat were collected from poultry houses in Baghdad and suburbs to examine Aflatoxin occurrence in chicken's diet. ALISA technique was used for this purpose.The results revealed presence of high level of Aflatoxin in ration (P< 0.05) compared with other contents of diet fallowed by soybean (P< 0.05) then corn, wheat, and protein respectively .These contents were mixed and tested by ELISA and presented to the experiment chicks. One hundred and twenty, one day old chicks, were divided to four groups, first group (G1) was fed contaminated Aflatoxin feed and did not vaccinated. The second group (G2) was fed contaminated feed and vaccinated with Newcastle Disease vaccine (NDV) a

     This study was conducted to demonstrate the effect of Metoprolol on chicken embryos during the period of cuddling automated .This study was completed in Babylon hatchery dedicated to the production of chick chickens, which is located in the province of Babylon. One hundred eggs (Belgian origin, CZ 1924) were divided into equal four groups. The first group injected eggs by Metaprolol at dose 10 mg /70kg BW, and the second group eggs was injected by Metoprolol at dose 15 mg /70kg BW, while eggs in the third group was injected by physiological normal saline only and the fourth group did not inject their eggs any material and considered the control group and all the eggs used in this experiment to take on the fourth

This study was performed to identify gross and histopathology changes which can be occur in testis and spermatic cord following injection of Acrylic Dental Base Material inside spermatic cord , the agent is widely present ,cheep, quick ,highly solid and used as a substance of chemical castration. It was injected inside spermatic cord of 15 healthy adult bucks in the ratio of 3:1 bilaterally ; Treated animals where divided randomly in to 5 groups depending on time for gross and histopathology examination after injected with the material. Animals were followed up for 7 days, 14 days, 30 days, 60 days, and 150 days after injection. Result showed good and immediate hardening after 20-25 min. of injected material. Gross examination of testis

In order to investigate the in vitro antitumor activity of Datura stramonium seeds on cancer cell lines. Extract of this plant was prepared by using different concentrations of seed extract 3, 3.25, 3.5, 3.75, 4, 4.25, 4.5, 4.75 and 5 mg/ ml. Cytotoxicity was estimated on mammary adenocarcinoma (AMN3), brain cancer, and normal rat embryonic fibroblast (Ref3) cell lines. The results exhibited that the extract has cytotoxic effect by decreasing the viability of AMN3 (42.91%) and brain cell lines (32.79%). However, it produced little effect on viability of normal cell line Ref3, indicating the specificity of this extract against malignant cells

     This study was designed to investigate the correlation of various stress factors (PH, moisture contents, temp., and soil texture) on the ability of E.coli OI57:H7 to persist on/in soil on a dairy farm reared under field conditions at the college of Agriculture /University of Bagdad. The prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in soil samples was determined for the period January to June 2012. The surface kinetics of E.coli O157:H7 onto the soil (surface kinetics), were theoretically achieved by dividing the farm into 3 zones starting from the fens (Z1),5m, and 10 m (Z5, and Z10, respectively) from the farm in three direction (right, left and rear of the farm) . While the depth kinetics were achie

       The aim of the present study was to identify the effect of corn replacement by sorghum and supplementation of methionine during growing and laying periods in productive performance and egg quality of two strains of quail (brown and black). Four hundred and eighty quails (240 of each strain) were used in this study. Birds reared on floor letter in semi opened house distributed into four treatments each with three replicates (20 birds in replicate). Experimental treatments were as follows: T1: fed on yellow corn ration (Control), T2: fed on ration in which  50% of corn replaced by sorghum , T3: fed on ration in which  50% of corn replaced by sorghum and supplemented with 0.2% methionine and T4

     The aims of the current study were to determine the percentages of E.coli O157:H7 in the urinary tract infections (UTIs) of humans and in the urine of apparently healthy sheep, in addition to determine the genotype of the isolates by PCR assay. Two hundred and twenty eight urine samples were collected from young children and adult patients both sexes suffering from UTIs during a period December 2012 to the end of March 2013. And randomly collected 75 urine sample from apparent healthy sheep both sexes that were slaughtered in AL Shoela, AL Rahmanea Slaughterhouse and College of Veterinary Medicine field in Baghdad the end of February to half of April 2013.   All urine samples were incubated aer

     The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of mercuric chloride (HgCl₂) at different levels of biological organization in common carp Cyprinuscarpio following exposure for 30 days to a range of environmentally levels of mercuric chloride (0.01 and 0.02 mg L^-1) and recovery for 3 weeks. Prior to evaluation of genetic damage (determined in erythrocytes using comet assay), enzymatic activity (ALT and AST), hematological parameters and histopathological examination of gill.The maximum tolerated concentration also determined which was found to be 1.63 µg l-1 above which complete mortality over the exposure period was observed. The results indicated that there was a strong induction

     This experiment was carried out at Animal Farm, College of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad University, from Mar. up to Sept. 2010. Twenty eight Awassi ram lambs of 4-5 months old were equally divided into four groups of similar body weight and fed 2% of concentrate diet of body weight with grazing for 3-4 hours a day. The first group (C) and the third group (V) were fed concentrate diet free of cumin seeds; while the second group (CU) and the fourth group (CV) were fed the same amount of concentrate diet contain 3% of cumin seeds. All animals were grazed daily for 3-4 hours as one group. The third and the fourth groups were vasectomized by close vasectomy operation at the beginning of the experiment.  The resul

     A comparison between two techniques of subtotal laparoscopic cholecystectomy was studied to find the best technique for treating severe cholecystitis and to study the fate of the remaining part of the gallbladder. All experimental animals had inducing cholecystitis by clipping the cystic duct for five days which was enough for inducing cholecystitis in goats. 24 adult female goats were used in this study, which were divided randomly into two equal groups; subtotal laparoscopic cholecystectomy with cystic duct and cystic artery clipping by titanium clips (group A) and laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy with cystic duct clipping only (group B). Operations were performed under general anesthesia by using thiopent

The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of a commercial ß-glucan against acute toxic effect of copper sulfate on common carp Cyprinus carpio L. behavioral, hematological parameters and biochemical tests. A total of 250 Fish (150 ± 2 g) were fed a basal control diet or the basal diet plus a ß-glucan (1 g kg^-1 diet) for 60 days. LC50 was calculated for 72 h which was 10.83 mg L^-1.  At the end of the trial, CuSO₄.5H₂O was added to all treatments  at a dose  of  5 mgL^-1  for  T1  and  T2, 7mg L^-1  for  T3  and  T4, 9  mgL^-1 for T5  and  T6   for  96h.

     This study was conducted on 20 adult mice which were divided randomly in to 4 equal groups. The first group served as negative control (NC) that received the diluent (sun flower oil), while hyperlipidemia was induced in the other three groups, the second group received the diluent and considered as positive control (PC), while group three and four were treated with olive oil (OO) or Nigella sativa oil (NSO) at a dose of 0.4ml/kg BW orally, respectively for two months. At the end of experiment and fasting overnight, lipid profile which included (total cholesterol TC, triglyceride TG, high density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL-C and very low density lipoprotein chol

     This study  was designed to investigate the protective effect of Pomegranate seed oil (PSO) on kidney damage induced by methionine overload in adult female rabbits. Twenty four  adult female local rabbits were randomly divided into four equal groups, and they were treated daily for 42 days,as fallow: the first group (C): rabbits  were received ordinary corn oil orally, serving as control, while aniamls in the second  group T₁ were intubated with methionine (100 mg/kg BW) orally and animals in third group (T₂)  were intubated with methionine (100mg/kg BW) plus pometon (30mg/kg BW) diluted in corn oil wihle, rabbits in

     The aim of the present work was to determine the serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), unbound iron binding capacity (UIBC), transferrin saturation percentage (TS%) and Serum Copper in normal lactating and Ovine mastitis. The study was conducted on 50 clinically normal lactating and 50 ewes affected with staphylococcal mastitis (19 clinical and 31 subclinical), both groups aged 2-5 years in Salah Al-Din governorate. The blood samples were collected from jugular vein during the period October 2012 untill April 2013. The separated sera were directly used for measurement of investigated biochemical tests. The results showed that the ranges and means ± SE of normal lactating and Ovine mas

The current study dealt with the isolation and identification of 19 isolates (14.07%) for the period (October 2013 to January 2014) from different samples (135 samples) number of isolates belonging to Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 8 isolated from urine samples, their percentage were 33.33 % and 5 isolates from nasal swabs, (11.11%) and 4 isolated from milk samples (9.30%), 2 isolated from wound swabs (24%) and isolates from eye infection (9.09%). These isolates were identified by morphological examination and biochemical tests and API-20 NE system. The second part was the study of the antibiotic susceptibility that was carried out on 19 isolates of P. aeruginosa for 12 types of antibiotic. The results showed that isolates were resistant to

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the alcoholic extract of fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum graecum) on thyroid gland function in adult male rabbits exposed to thiourea that induce hypothyroidism state. Thirty adult male rabbits weighing 1500-2000 gm were used, and randomly divided into five equal groups (6 rabbits/group) and treated daily for 42 days as follows: First group (control), (T1) group were treated with alcoholic extract of fenugreek seed(200mg/ kg .B.W. orally), (T2) group were treated with thiourea (10 mg/kg. B.W. orally), (T3) group were treated once thiourea daily by (10 mg/ kg. B.W) and after (3) hours given alcoholic extract of fenugreek 200 mg/kg B.W., and (T4) group were treated once thiourea dai

     The study was designed to investigate the histomorphology of Miebomian gland in local Iraqi breed goats (coprus hircus).The research work included specimens of upper and lower eyelids of the eyes of 10 head of local breed black Iraqi goats aged 10-14 months (5 male and 5 female) and the routine histological technique was done from fixation till staining of histological sections. The study revealed that the Miebomian glands present in the sub palpebral conjnctiva arranged in parallel position along the upper and lower eyelids of the eye each gland opened besides the hair follicle (cilia) and its secretion are oily (lipid) called miebum. This material very important to spreading the tear on the cornea to p

     The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Date Palm Pollen DPP on the testicular function and serum testosterone, FSH and LH hormones value. Thirty five male rats were divided randomly into five equal groups. Group 1: received 0.5 ml of distilled water (control group), group 2: was treated orally 0.250 p.p.m of sodium florid (NaF) (with volume of 0.5 ml / rat), Group 3: was treated with 0.250 p.p.m of NaF and 50 mg/kg. B.W. of DPP extract (0.5ml D.W \rat), Group 4: was treated with 0.250 p.p.m of NaF and 100 mg/kg. B.W. of DPP extract and Group 5: was treated with 0.250 p.p.m of NaF and 150 mg/kg. B.W. of DPP extract. The results showed  significant (P< 0.05) decrease i

This study was performed on a 10 of local ewes during 24 hours after lambing. Five of the ewes suffering from uterine prolapse (treated group), and other five ewes didn't show uterine prolapse (control group). The study shows a relation between the calcium serum level and incidence of uterine prolapse after lambing. The result of study indicated that, a low level of calcium in the serum of treated group (2.29±0.33 mg/dl) as compared with the level of the calcium in the serum of the control group (6.52±0.30). The results indicated that the calcium deficiency (hypocalcaemia) in the late stage of pregnancy and at the lambing time may lead to uterine prolapse in ewes.

The present study is designed to evaluate two sutures pattern techniques (inverting and appositional) for urinary bladder closure following experimental cystotomy in dogs. Thirty two adult local breed males’ dogs were enrolled for this study, aged 1-3 years and weighing 18-23 kg. Dogs were randomly allocated into two equal groups. In the first group, cystotomies were closed via double-layers of continuous inverting suture pattern (Lambert and Cushing); while, in the second group, bladders incisions were closed by single-layer appositional suture pattern (simple interrupted) which did not involve the mucosa (extra-mucosal). Synthetic absorbable suture material polydiaxnone PDS 3/0 was used to close the bladder in all experimental animal

The main objectives of this study was to determine the influence of soluble β-glucan extracted from the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on immune response of broiler chickens reared under heat stress .β-glucan 225μg/ml was supplemented in drinking water to broiler chicken vaccinated with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine. The parameters of the assessment of the immune response was the Heterophil / Lymphocyte ratio as a measure of stress, determination of the serum antibody titer post vaccination with the NDV vaccine by ELISA test and Immunohistochemical detection of macrophages by using monoclonal antibodies (mouse antichicken macrophage KUL01). A hundred and twenty (120) Chickens one day old were divided into two equal grou

     This study was carried out at Animal Farm, College of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad University from April up to July 2013. The animals were fed on concentrate diet and freely grazed for 3-6 hours/ day at College Field, rams were used in a Latin square design (4*4) and trans located biweekly intervals, respectively to different concentrate diets, the first diet 2% of the body weight which was free from any addition  and considered as a control, the second diet was contain 3% Cuminum cyminum seeds (CU), while the third diet was contain 3% of Ocimum basilicom seeds (B) and the fourth concentrated diet was contain 1.5% of Cuminum cyminum and 1.5% Ocimum basilicom seeds (CU+B). Results r

     The ameliorative effects of probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus) on liver functions in experimentally induced colitis in adult male rats were studied. Thirty six male rats divided randomly into 4 groups, 9 animals per group. First   group considered as control (C^-), 2^nd group (T1) and 3^rd group (T2)   received (5 × 10⁸ CFU) of Lactobacillus acidophilus as probiotics for 2 weeks by oral gavages needle, 4^th group considered as colitis group (T3). Experimentally acetic acid colitis induced   for rat of groups T2 and T3. After 7 days of colitis, at the end of the experiment. Blood sample, 4-5 ml, was collected via cardiac

The objective of this study is to evaluate the existence of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi as probable agents of naturally occurring infection of the equine upper respiratory disease from the Equestrian Club in Baghdad city. Nasal swabs and pus samples from 141 horses with upper respiratory tract infections were collected. Results indicated that different microorganisms were isolated and identified S. equi subsp equi (30 isolates), S. equi subsp zooepidemicus (14 isolates), S. equisimilus (9 isolates), Enterococcus fecalis (17 isolates), Pasteurella spp. (29 isolates), Staphylococcus spp. (25 isolates), Bacillus spp. (

The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of diazepam-propofol-Ketamine protocol for induction of general anaesthesia in rabbits. The experiment was conducted on seventeen healthy male adult local rabbits weighting 0.9-1.5 kg. Rabbits were given protocol, Diazepam 1mg/kg B.W. by intramuscular injection then 15 minutes later propofol 10 mg/kg B.W. as bolus slow intravenous injection and ketamine 25 mg/kg BW by intramuscular injection. Several parameters included respiratory rate, body temperature and heart rate were recorded before injection of drugs and after giving the anesthetic protocol at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 minutes. The results showed that the anaesthesia with diazepam, propofol and Ketamine protoco

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of age and season on the epididymal sperm and level of testosterone in camel. A total 103 camel testes samples were collected from Al-Najaf slaughter house during a cold season (December 2012, January and February 2013) and moderatehot season (March, April and May, 2013). Testes were divided into 3 Gs according to camel age, G1 included the testes of 2-3years, G 2 (3 – 4years) and over 4 years (G 3). Blood samples were collected for determination of serum testosterone level. The sperms were obtained from the tail of epididymis from all animals groups and the results of the sperms individual motility percentage was increased at the level of (P< 0.05) significantly with age progress in

     This study was designed   to investigate the oestrus activity, oestrogen profile and enzymatic change Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) at different stage of gestation and parturition in shami and Iraqi goat. A total of 30 mature female goat of two different breed (fifteen animals / each) were used, their reproduction was followed from January upto July -2013. The investigation included studying oestrus synchronization and allowing the animal to be mated naturally by proven buck. Blood sample were collected before gestation then every fifteen days until parturition. Results showed 100 % of female express estruse after synchronization and (73% and 67%) in shami and Iraqi goats respectively, become pregnant. Reg

     Milk and dairy products are fundamental components in the human diet and may be the principle way for entrance of Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in to the human body. All milk and dairy products samples were tested for the occurrence of AFM1 by the competitive ELISA technique. Out of 32 bovine raw milk samples that were collected from eight villages around Baghdad province, 32 samples (100 %) were contaminated with AFM1 ranging from 0.15 to 86.96ng/kg with mean value of 42.37±26.07 ng/kg, of which 17 samples were contaminated with concentrations < 50 ng/kg and 15 samples exceeded the maximum acceptable level of AFM1 in milk (50 ng/kg) imposed by the European legislation. The raw milk samples belonged to animals fed with

     The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of season and first, second and third services on reproductive efficiency of  1086 cows throughout the artificial insemination technique during 2012 as well as the effect of season of the year on the conception rates in cows in Sulaimani Region. The conception rate of first, second and third services were 69.3, 27.5, and 3%, respectively, with overall conception rate 45%. The total number of male calves born was 282 and the female calves were 211. The conception rate obtained at the Halabja station reaching its highest value follow Sharazoor station then Chamchamal station, while Rania station performed the lowest value. The conception rate in the