This study was conducted on salmon(Atlantic salmon)Salmo salar products imported to Iraq, which are a whole fish removed head and tail, fillets, rings, fingers and cubes  evaluating of the sensory characteristics of these products and determining their suitability for human consumption. The products were obtained from  King of  Fish and Meat company ( K.F. M.) , the exclusive agent in Iraq, and all products were within one meal and date, and the validity of each product was from 5/10/2021 to 4/7/2022. Results were as follows: The results of the sensory characteristics (color, flavor, freshness, juiciness, general acceptance) showed asignificant differences (p≤0.05) among

This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of chlorogenic acid on productive performance, blood biochemistry and intestinal histomorphology of broiler chickens. A total of 256-day old Ross 308 broiler chicks were divided into 4 treatments with 4 replications, 16 chicks per replicate. Treatments were arranged as follow: control group was left without any additive, whereas group 2-4 supplemented with 1, 1.5 and 2 mL of chlorogenic acid per litter of drinking water respectively. Results of this study showed that the body weight gain of birds received chlorogenic acid significantly increased when compared to control group. Lowest feed intake (P<0.05) was recorded for the birds received 1.5ml of chlorogenic acid than ot

This study explored the effect of melatonin implantation on the fresh and cryopreserved semen quality of Iraqi buffalo bulls (Bubalus bubalis). Nine adult bulls were used and divided equally into three groups. The first group was left without treatment and regarded as control (T1), whereas the second (T2) and third (T3) groups were subcutaneously implanted with 72 and 90 mg of melatonin respectively on the left ear base and repeated one month post the first implantation. Semen was collected for 12 weeks and evaluated weekly for fresh, cooling, and post-cryopreserved (PC) protocols. The T3 group exhibited a higher (P≤0.05) sperm cell individual motility percentage, whereas, the T1 and T2 groups recorded better (P≤0.05

This Study was conducted out at the Ministry of Agriculture's Poultry Research Station/Animal Resources Department/Agricultural Research Center. To see how body weight (BW) and leptin hormone (LEP) levels in breeder blood affect fertility and hatchability. 140 Iraqi local laying chickens (120 females + 20 males) aged 28 weeks were used in the study. Following the numbering of females, the birds were grown in individual cages and dispersed sequentially on cages. The experiment was divided into three periods, each lasting 28 days, during which the breeder's live body weight was recorded and divided into two categories (greater than 1.5 kg and less than 1.5 kg), and blood samples were collected at the end of each period to determine

This research was aimed to study the most important factors affecting the food security coefficient in Iraq for the period 2003-2020. Where the food security coefficient was calculated for the rice crop, the results showed that the rice food security coefficient amounted to about 0.55, which is nearly enough for six months, which requires maintaining the level of food security of rice and then study the factors affecting food security, considering the food security factor as a dependent variable, and each of the population, local production, available for consumption and imported quantities of rice as independent variables. Statistical and standard methods were used to find out the most important aspects of this subject in the ag

The aim of this study was to find out how neem leaf extract affected the immune systems of Tilapia (O. niloticus) that had A. hydrophila in their bodies. This included looking at its phytochemistry, antibacterial properties, bioactive compounds, and ability to make the immune system stronger. The extraction uses methanol. The phytochemical test of neem leaf extract includes flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids. We obtained the isolate A. hydrophila from the Jepara Brackish Water Aquaculture. Before use, we store these bacteria in Trypticase Soy Agar (TSA) media at 4 oC and Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB) subcultures. re use.       Test antibacterial using published We confirmed flavonoids, ta

This study was aimed to investigate an air-flow distributer of a solar dryer. This study was contained two factors: First, the air outlet throttle (three angles, 30°, 60°, and 90°). Second, the design of the air inlet with three levels (new design (I2), without (I1), and half-opening air inlet gate of the new design (I3)). The results show significant effects on these parameters, where the highest efficiency (51.7%) was obtained at (I1) and (30°) angles. While the temperature changes between the inlet and outlet had a significant effect on the pressure difference, the pressure difference increased, reaching (1.65 Pa). Also, the drying rate was affected by the temperature and the amount of air entering the dryer. The highest d

The experiment was conducted in a green house at the Department of Horticulture and Landscaping design College of Agriculture engineering Sciences for the  fall season 2020-2021 to determine the response of the Iris plant to bear the conditions of abiotic stresses by studying the effect of irrigation with saline water on the vegetative and flowering characteristics of the plant.The study included three factor, the first factor, the quality of irrigation water (main plots) and at three levels: (irrigation with water from the Tigris River 0.92 dm s^-1(I₀), alternating irrigation (one irrigation with saline

The experiment was carried out in one of the green houses of the research station A of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design during fall season 2020/2021 This study was aimed to reducing the amount of irrigation water using factorial experiment with in split plot designed by The study included three factor ,  First factor, the quality of irrigation water (main plots) and at three levels: (irrigation with water from the Tigris River 0.92 dm s^-1(I₀), alternating irrigation (one irrigation with saline water followed by irrigation with the wat

The main purpose of this research is to evaluate the antibacterial essential oil of Peganum harmala L. seeds against locally isolated heterogeneous vancomycin intermediated Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) at doses ranging from 0.03 to 200 mg/ml. The filtered essential oil of P. harmala, after extract by the 96% ethanol in a Soxhlet extraction device, was analyzed by GC/MS (gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy). The results showed that the P. harmala seeds oils contained several compounds, such as Harmine (58.26%), followed by 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester (28.55%) and Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (4.30%), It is highly effective against targeted bacteria. The MIC metho

The current study was carried out on broiler chickens to assess whether probiotics or essential oils could be utilized instead of antibiotics growth promoters (AGP) in typical feed formulations, to determine their effectiveness. A total of 2250 broiler chicks at one-day old age were allocated into 5 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with 9 replicates per treatment and 50 chicks/replicate. The Probiotic included three strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the essential oil (EO) was a blend of Cinnamaldehyde-Thymol, and the AGP was Lincomycin™. These additives were added to the basal diets (BD) to formulate the following dietary treatments (T): (T1) control-fed BD that is regularly used by broiler far

This study was aimed to show the changes of some blood parameters by the effect of biological and chemical treatment of rice straw ,It was conducted at The Ruminant Research Station in Abu Ghraib / Directorate of / Agricultural Researches / Ministry of Agriculture, for the period from June 1, 2021 until August 27, 2021 (preceded by the preliminary period 14 days), The study included 12 Iraqi buffalo calves aged 5 - 6 months. the calves were randomly divided into three equal groups (4 calves / group), kept in individual pens and distributed among group.T1 (the control group) in which the calves were fed on untreated rice straw T2 the calves were fed on rice straw treated with urea at a rate of 3% T3 the calves were fed on rice str

This study was aimed to investigate and evaluates the degree of environmental sensitivity of desertification and to provide solutions, treatments by identifying the elements and indicators that are directly linked to desertification in southern Iraq.  GIS technique was used, and mapping of environmentally sensitive areas for desertification. Five important indices including (soil quality index SQI, climate quality index CQI, vegetation quality index VQI, management quality index MQI, and groundwater quality index GWQI) were used. Results showed that the SQI index was varied between high, moderate, and low quality, the VQI index was varied between moderate to low quality, as for the indices of (CQI, MQI, and GWQI), all classi

This experiment was carried out during season of 2020 and 2021 at Erbil governorate to study the forage and grain yield performance of three maize hybrids Zea mays L. as influenced by irrigation skipping at different times. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with three replications. The irrigation treatments were located at the main plots, and the hybrids were distributed at the subplots. Highly significant effects of irrigation treatments were recorded for forage, grain yield and most of its components at both seasons and their average. The differences among hybrids were not significant for forage yield at both seasons. It was significant for grain yield as the average of both seasons only. The fr

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding three levels of concentrate 2%, 3%, and 4% with or without additives of N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) on the digestibility, feed efficiency, and daily gain of Shami goats. Twenty-four male goats were used aged 8-10 months with an initial weight 32.687 ± 1.52kg divided into six treatments in a 2×3 factorial experiment/ Completely Randomized Design. Individual feeding was used for 70 days preceded by 14 days as an adaptation period. The results of increasing concentrate showed a non-significant increase in nutrients intake with superiority of NCG treatments and a significant increase (P<0.

Ten soil sites were chosen in Iraqi Kurdistan region, included the governorates of (Sulaimani, Arbil, and Duhok). These soils were characterized by their similarity in texture, parent material, topography, climatic conditions, and equal rainfall, in order to study the use of the center of gravity equation and mineralogical properties in evaluating the state of potassium in soils of different plant coverage (Forest, crops, and uncultivated soils). Results showed there was a variation in the values of calculated center of gravity for studied soil samples, which ranged between (0.83 – 1.63). The variation in these values was attributed to the variation between the studied soils in their ability for potassium supplying, depending o

This study was performed for production, purification, characterization and evaluation the antibacterial activity of biosurfactant BS which were produced from local isolate Lactobacillus plantarum Z9 with bacteriocin and studying the synergistic effect .A total 100 different samples 85(%) isolates of Lactobacillus sp. were isolated from different sources and identified by biochemical tests then subjected to the primary and secondary screening processes to select the active isolate for bacteriocin and biosurfactant production. Among the vagina isolates screened, the results found that Lactobacillus sp. Z9 isolated from the clinical samples of Iraqi healthy women had the highest productivity of the bacter

This study was aimed to investigate effect of cinnamon zeylnicum oil extract in inhibition of bacteria in laboratory biscuit.revealed chemical research on cinnamon oil extract has the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, resins, coumarins, terpenes, flavonoids, and stimulants. Using GC-MS and FT-IR analysis, it was found that the hot water extract contains terpenes,   glycosides, resins, saponins, and phenols, indicating the effectiveness of these beneficial components in cinnamon oil extract. Biscuits were manufactured in the laboratory and fortified with different concentrations (0.125%, 0.25%, 0.50%, and 0.75%) of C. Zeylanicum oil extract and stored for 10 days at room temperature. The resu

This study was aimed to investigate delayed germination and immature embryos of carrot seeds; This research was implemented at vegetable field of College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad during two sequent seasons (fall and spring). The experiment was conducted using factorial within Randomized Complete Block Design arrangement with three factors and replicates (3X3X2). The aqueous barley sprouts extract (B₀, B₁) (0, 100 g.L^-1) represented the first factor. Trehalose (T₀, T₁, T₂) (0, 50, 75 mmole.L^-1) represented the second factor. Calcium (C₀, C₁, C

Study  was carried out during two successive summer seasons of 2021 and 2022 at private  filed  in El-Salhyia El-Gadida District, Sharkia Governorate, to study response of some potato cultivars to potassium sources as foliar application  under sandy soil conditions using pivot  irrigation system. This experiment included 25 treatments, which were the combinations between five potato cultivars (Spunta , Santana , Cara , Lady  Rosetta  and Hermes) and  four  potassium  sources treatments , i.e. spraying with potassium silicate (KSil , (potassium citrate (KCit), potassium folvate (KF) and potassium thiosulpahte (KTS) as well as control (without spray

Fadak farm project was selected to conduct this study and to evaluate the state of quality and health indices in term of soil physical and biological properties, where this farm is located in Holly Najaf Governorate. Some physical properties (soil texture, mean weight diameter, bulk density, porosity, infiltration rate, saturated hydraulic conductivity and available water) were selected to assess the quality then health indices, and the biological characteristics (vegetation coverage, soil respiration, bacterial and fungal counts) were also selected to assess the quality and health indices in term of these properties. Results showed that classes of moderate and poor soil health were dominated in lands of this farm for each physic

This study was conducted to estimate the contamination with some heavy metals (lead, iron, copper, tin, and cadmium) in samples of canned processed meat available in the local markets. A sample were collected from three regions at Baghdad (Al-jamaa district S1, Al-Amel district S2 ,Al-Bayaa S3) with five samples, which included canned beef sausage, canned beef luncheon meat, and canned beef minced meat, which represented (45) samples as a total number. the atomic absorption spectrometer was used to estimate the contamination . The study results showed the presence of chemical contamination with heavy elements in concentrations higher than the permissible concentrations In most of the samples under study It has ex

This study was conducted during two winter seasons 2020-2019 and 2021-2020 at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences-University of Baghdad (Al-Jadriya). To improve the efficiency and productivity of the flower growth, yield, and essential oil characteristic of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). The experiment included two-factors, the first with four levels of bio-fertilizers (without vaccination, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Azospirillum brasilense, and mixture between vaccination), while the second with a combination of five levels that included two treatments (15 and 30 ml L^-1) for each of coconut endosperm fluid and tryptophan with one metering treatment for both (sprayed with distilled wa

A field study was conducted during the spring season of 2020 in saline sodic soils with clay loam texture, to study 16 combinations of phosphogypsum and humic acids. A randomized complete block design according to the order of treatment added to the factorial experiment was used with three replications. The experiment included the use of humic acids (HA₁, HA₂, HA₃, and HA₄) and phosphogypsum (G₁, G₂, G₃, and G₄) in four levels (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 g L^-1) for both of them mixed in washing water to make 16 combinations, in addition to washing with a commercial clean salt (CS) treatment and Euphrates water only (W) to become 18 treatmen

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of some soil amendments (biochar and bentointe) in some chemical properties, growth and yield of broad bean in desert soil. The study included four levels of biochar (0, 10, 20 and 30 Mg ha^-1 and Four levels of bentonite (0, 10,20 and 30 Mg ha^-1) . Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates were used. The results showed that the application of biochar and bentonite significantly affected all the soil chemical properties under study and plant parameters.  The level 15 Mg ha^-1 of biochar  gave the lowest valuesreached 7.30 and 3.57 dS m^-1 for soil pH  and EC and gave hig

A laboratory experiment was carried out to study the ability of soil to adsorption of Zinc added from three sources: nano-Zinc oxide (ZnnO), nano-chelated Zinc (Znn-DTPA), and nano-organic Zinc (Znn-HA), with several concentrations ranging from 0-160 mg Zn kg-1. Zinc was added for each concentration at an amount of 20 ml per 1 gm of soil. As for the ordinary sources, Zinc was added from the ordinary sources, Zinc oxide, ZnO, chelated Zinc , Zn-DTPA, and ordinary organic Zinc , Zn-HA, in several concentrations, ranging from 0-500 mg Zn kg-1. Each concentration was added at 20 ml per 1 gm of soil and two repetitions for each source. The adsorption capacity of the soil and the binding energy of the adsorbed Zinc , and to estimate the thermo

Factorial experiment within randomized complete block design using three replication for field comparison performance slatted and general-purpose moldboard plow. Using least significant design (LSD) 1 % and 5 % was used to compare the mean of treatments. Three factors were used, the first one was depths of tillage 15 and 25 cm, the second was speed of tractor 4.146 and 7.224 km/hr, and the third factor was types of moldboard, slatted and general-purpose moldboard. Slatted moldboard recorded the least slippage of 9.697 %, the fuel consumption of 23.580 L/ha and higher effective field capacity of 0.4239 ha/hr, and field efficiency of 72.543 %. Depth of tillage 15 cm got the least slippage of 6.364 %, fuel consumption of 20.182 L/ha

This study was conducted on the in coating of beef burger using electrospun iron oxide nanofibers at two concentrations6, 8 % , to improve the chemical and physical properties of the beef burger during a 3-month frozen storage period. The results of the study showed that the addition of electrospun nanofibers contributed to reducing the total bacterial count, as well as the count of psychrophilic bacteria and coliform bacteria, to 4.88* 10³, 4.62* 10³, and 3.15* 10¹, 3.64 *10¹, respectively, and 2.15* 10³, 2.49* 10³ colony-forming units (CFU/g) respectively, during the final storage period. The moisture, protein, fat, and ash percentages in the frozen beef burger w

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of various filter materials in RAS such as synthetic materials and organic materials and there an impact on plasma cortisol, osmotic performance rate, growth rate and survival rate of Channa marulioides. The cultivation process in the RAS system is carried out for 100 days with 50 individuals in each different treatment, namely T1: Synthetic filter; T2: Organic filter; T3: Mixture of synthetic and organic filter; Control: No Filter and RAS. Measurements of plasma cortisol and osmotic performance levels were carried out at the beginning and end of cultivation which had an impact on growth and survival rates. The results of the study showed a decrease in cortisol levels (ng/ml

This experiment was conducted in a private orchard at Aldaraman, Kirkuk Governorate on "Khalobaziani" local fig trees. This study aimed to investigate the effect of spraying with Moringa leaf extract (MLE) at (0, 2, and 4 ml.l^-1) and Garlic cloves extract (GCE) at (0, 10, and 20 ml.l^-1) on growth and productivity of fig trees. Results showed that trees sprayed with MLE 4 ml.l-1 led to a significant increase in the leaf area, total chlorophyll content, average leaf dry weight, minerals (NPK) content in leaves, average fruit weight and size, and average yield per tree, while significantly decreased fruit cracking percentage compared to control. Furthermore, significant increase in the leaf area, total chloroph