Transcription factors, enhancers, promoters, and translation of genetic code is still in a wide argument of different views in many living organisms for their poorly characterized at the molecular level. It was shown that the coexistence of high mono – methylation levels of lysine 4 of histone H3 is considered a signature of enhancers. Gene expression could be altered by epigenetic and some biotic and abiotic stresses. Some sugars, hormones or amino acids could also alter gene expression. However, some investigators have shown that increased methylation  at promoters was associated with down – regulated protein – coding gene expression . In genomic DNA methylation levels, it was found 24 nt small RNAs only were correla

Bark canker disease has recently found in Sulaimani province. Disease incidence reached to 17.2% in Tawella. Bacterial isolates were identified by their morphological and biochemical characteristics using the API 20E system. Fifty-one and half percent of the isolates were identified as Brenneria nigrifluens and 36.3% as Pantoea spp. B. nigrifluens isolates formed circular colonies with entire margins and creamy color on nutrient agar. Biochemical tests classify B. nigrifluens isolates into seven groups. Vitek GN system further used to confirm the identification. The

اجريت هذة التجربة في حقول كلية علوم الهندسه الزراعية/ قسم الانتاج الحيواني / جامعة دهوك لمعرفة تاثير اضافة مستويات مختلفة من مسحوق الكركم الخام و الكركم المحور على الاداء الانتاجي,صفات الذبيخة, مستوى المناعة و مورفولوجية الصائم. حصلت على 750 فرخة من مفقس محلي ووزعت على ضروفين للتربية (طبيعى و الاجهاد الحراري) مع خمسة معاملات 3 مكررات لكل واحذ(25 فرخة) . اضهرت النتائج ان المعاملات تحسنت معنو

تم دراسه تأثير مستويين من الحديد (Fe) مع ثلاثة مستويات من الكبريت (S) في حالة النحاس وأداء الحملان باستخدام 37 حمل Texel مضرب مفطومة عند عمر 12 أسبوعًا. لم تحتوي العليقة الأساسية (L: L) على أي مكمل Fe أو S؛ عليقه(H:M) تحتوي على 800ملغم حديد و

The aim of environmental study is to investigate the effects of the discharge of Wasit power plant in Al-Zubaidiya city on the physical- chemical factors and biodiversity of benthic invertebrates community of Tigris River, for a period from October 2017 to Augusts 2018. The total number of benthic invertebrates in four stations was 12866 individual. These benthic invertebrates  belonged to 8 taxonomic units. This study includes some statistical environmental indexes (Relative abundance index, Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index, Species Uniformity Index, Species Richness Index and Jaccard Index). The results reveal that the environmental indexes were decreased at station 2 and thermal Wasit power plant negatively effects benthic

The aim of this study to investigate the role of in ovo injection in broiler breeder (Ross-308) fertile eggs with calcium, vitamin D₃ and their mixture at 18 d of incubation on hatchability, tibia bone and blood properties post-hatching, included five groups: (non-injected and in ovo injected 100 μL sterilized distill water) controls as well as eggs that were injected with the 100 μL sterilized distill water either 0.8 mg calcium (Ca), 0.8 mg Cole vit D₃ [colecalciferol or 25-OHD₃] and mix of 0.8 mg Ca + 0.8 mg Cole vit D₃. The results showed that an in ovo injection with calcium, Cole vit D₃ and their mix presented significantly higher in hatchability (%),

Clebopride (CBD) selective molecularly imprinted polymers(MIPs) were based on ion-pair by prepared four polymers(MIPs) using CBD as the template a well as (Acryl amide) (AAM), 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane sulphonic Acid (2-AAMMPSA as monomer, used N,N-ethylenebismethacrylamide (EBMAA) ,ethylene glycol dimethacrylate ethylene glycol(EGDMAC), N, N-methylene bisacrylamide (NNMBAAM)) as cross linker and used benzoyl peroxide as initiator . NIPs prepared by using the same composition of MIPs except the template (CBD). The MIPs were prepared using variation  ratio of monomer and cross linker .These MIPs applicate as solid phase extraction for determination CBD in pharmaceutical preparation used UV as detector .the results gave

This study was aimed to investigate the antiproliferative effect of lemongrass essential oil (LEO) from Cymbopogon citratus on A549 cell line and their effect on the expression of p53 gene in lung cancer cells. The LEO was extracted and anlaysed using GC-MS analysis, the cytotoxicity of LEO against lung cancer cells was examined using MMT assay and finally the expression of p53 was determined via qRT-PCR. The chromatogram of GC-MS exhibited 14 compounds in ELO, the major one is citral (56.4%). The cytotoxicity of LEO was dose dependent which proliferation of the lung cells were significantly inhibited with increased concentration of essential oil (P≤ 0.01) as well as the IC50 was 29.13 ppm. Furthermore

Both bacterial isolates were obtained from Al-Elwiya Teaching Hospital for Children, Baghdad, Iraq. Clinical specimens were isolated from wounds and identified by Gram staining and by Vitek 2. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). Antibacterial activity toward S. aureus was detected for the Silver nanoparticles that created by bacteria, Also the synergistic effect that will be  detected  between the antibiotics and   nanoparticles(AgNPs). The highest effect was recorded i

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used as a tool for assessing genetic diversity and species relationships among five species from Rutaceae family [Sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.); Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck); Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco); Pummelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) and Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.)] and four species from Apiaceae [Carrots (Daucus carota L.; Celery (Apium graveolens (Mill.) Pers.);

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of foliar nutrition on fig sapling  growth of cv. waziry at the College of Agricultural Engineering Scicences A factorial experiment within Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates was used during the seasons of 2017-2018, using fig seedlings by spraying fertilizers (Foliartal) with four concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6 ml.L^-1) and organic fertilizers (Tecamin Max) with four concentrations (0, 3, 4, 5 ml.L^-1). Results revealed that application folir of chemical fertilizers caused an increases in plant growth. the highest concentration (4 ml.L^-1) was the most effect leading to a

An experiment was conducted at the vegetable  field, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening, Collage of Agriculture, University of Bagdad, to study the response of two cultivars of okra for different types of covering and their effect on growth, early and total yield. Two cultivars of okra ( Lahloba and Batra) were used, Two soil mulchs (with or without black mulch), and two tunnels cover (white and Agryl-17) were tested. This study was designed as a factorial (2*2*2) within RCBD with three replicates (24 experimental units).Results indicated: black soil mulch+ white cover treatment significantly increased the speed and percentage of germination, plant highest, leaves number, dry weight of the vegetative parts gi

This research was conducted at the university of the University of   Baghdad / Al-Jadireya during the seasons of 2016  to study the effects of applying the root stimulator Essential plus 1-0-1 and spraying   of the Acadian seaweed and  fertilizer (NPK) and their effects on the vegetative and root growth of grape transplants cv. Summer Royal. A factorial experiment was carried out according to the randomized complete block design with three replications .The experiment included 12 treatments, the first treatment (organic nutriment) (A0), included adding the root stimulator (Essential plus 1-0-1) to the soil with 4 ML.L^-1 (A

This research was carried out in the nursery of the University of Baghdad- Al-Jadireya during the growing seasons of 2015 and 2016 t0 investigate the effects of two organic fertilizers; root stimulator(Essential plus 1-0-1) and Acadian extraction seaweed as well as NPK on the vegetative growth  traits and some nutrient elements content in the leaves of grape transplants cv. Summer Royal. A factorial experiment was carried out according to the randomized complete block design(RCBD) with three replications. The experiment included 12 treatments, the first factor (organic nutrient) included adding the root stimulator to the soi

The study was conducted to investigate the impact of Ca(NO₃)₂ on  different levels of salt-stress in date palm. Three-years-old date palm plants were subjected to four NaCl levels: 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM. The saline solutions were supplemented with 0, 5, 10 and 20 mM Ca(NO₃)₂. The combined NaCl/Ca(NO₃)₂ treatments were conducted over a period of 10 weeks. Control plants were only subjected to the four salinity levels with no Ca (NO₃)₂ addition. Results showed an inhibitory effect of salinity on almost all plants' parameters under inve

Drought stress is a major threat on most of the agricultural crops grown in the East Mediterranean Region in the consequence of predicted global climate change (1). Therefore, improving essential cereal crops such as barley is extremely important for this region to increase yield production due to its economic interest and adaptability to dry environments (29). This two-year experiment was carried out in Kalar technical institute, in Garmian region, Iraq during the seasons of 2016-17 and 2017-18. Canopy temperature depression (CTd) and leaf senescence traits (Onset of leaf senescence (SENonset) and End of leaf senescence (SENend)) were evaluated under irrigated and rain-fed conditions for five hybrid genotypes of barley. Canopy t

This study was aimed to determine extension activities provided to rice farmers in raising the awareness for compost manufacture in  Al-Diwaniyah province and investigate the level of awareness of rice farmers in the field of compost manufacturing , as well as the problems facing farmers when manufacturing compost, mythology a questionnaire design to collect data from rice farmers  during the 2018 . The research society consisted of the agricultural departments of the directorate of Agriculture in Al Diwaniyah province. A random sample was taken from rice farmers related to the agricultural departments in the Directorate of Agriculture with their (632) farmers,

This study includes the using therapeutic bacteria isolate in topical ointment for bacterial vaginosis treatment and to compare it with metronidazole ointment that use in a clinical trial under medical supervision. Four active Lactobacillus probiotics bacteria were cultured in %12 skim milk , three of these bacteria were commercial types and one Iraqi local isolate , the total bacterial count of probiotics bacteria were around ≥ 10¹² cfu/ml . %10 of individually culture free cells  filtrate were added to Muller Hinton broth with secretions of patients infected with bacterial vaginosis "BV", %50 of  natural organic components and %50 of local isolat

Soil erosion is one of the foremost factors giving rise to watershed deterioration due to improper and unwise utilization of natural resources without proper vision, particularly in developing countries like Iraq. Since it is not possible to implement rehabilitation programs over all areas at a time, prioritization plays a major role in identification of the areas which are in need of immediate actions. Accordingly, the current study was conducted to perform morphometric analysis as the basis for prioritization. To achieve the above objective, 30 watersheds of different scales were delineated within Erbil governorate and standard procedures were followed to carry out morphometric analysis. Prioritization ranks were determined for

Soil erosion by water is a major land degradation problem because it threatens the farmer’s livelihood and ecosystem's integrity. Rainfall erosivity is one of the major controlling factors inducing this process. One obstacle of estimating the R-factor is the lack of detailed rainfall intensity data worldwide. To overcome the problem of data scarceness for individual analysis of storm events for developing the country with a non-uniform pluvial regime like the upper part of Iraq, multivariate models were derived for estimating annual rainfall erosivity. They were based on annual rainfall data and geographical coordinates of a group of meteorological stations distributed over the study area. A host of statistical indices were sel

This study investigated the effect of feeding two levels of rumen degradable protein in the rations during different stages of lactation on milk yield and components , twenty four cross breed Awassi ewes (Turkish Awassi × Iraqi Awassi) were used with their single lambs after birth aged 3-5 years, ewes were divided into two groups with average body weights 66.00 ± 2.32 kg and 67.10 ± 2.62 kg respectively, first group was control fed adequate level of degradable protein (10 g / Mj metabolizable energy) and second group fed high level of degradable protein (12.5 g / Mj metablizable energy) , Lactation period had been divided into three stages (early, 1-50 day ), ( mid , 51-100 day) and (late , 101-150 day), ewes

The objective of  this study is to evaluate the production of Xylose reductase (XR) and Xylitol by Candida guilliermondii using wheat straw hydrolysates (WSH) supplemented with 2.0 g/l of (NH4)2SO4 and 0.1 g/l of CaCl2.2H2O  as fermentation media . Wheat straw hydrolysis run at 121°C for 15 min.  by diluted sulfuric acid . The fermentation process was conducted on a shaker bath (150 rpm) at 30C for 20 h in three separate flasks using  different concentration of Xylose being ,  30% Xylose , WSH(27.13 g/l Xylose)and  WSH plus 30 g/l Xylose. The best concentration( WSH plus 30 g/l Xylose )  was chosen to run the

This study was conducted in a central laboratory of Agriculture College\ University of Baghdad, to study the effect of treated barley grains with urea as 1: 1 urea: barley grain (w:w) with or without heating on the in-vitro digestibility, total nitrogen content and releasing urea, the results showed a high significant increases (P<0.01) in total nitrogen content of treated barley grains with urea compared with non-treated, where it was 14.77% for barley soaked 24 hours with urea and 17.18% for barley- urea treated with heat and pressure in compared to 2.15% for untreated barley grains. There were

This study was conducted to determine the effect of corn gluten (0 and 9%) supplementation to low quality roughages (date palm frond, reeds, corn cobs and barley straw) treated with 5% urea on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility,The treatments  were incubated for 0,20 and 30 days at ambient temperature (30-37 C°).The results showed that  nitrogen content, cellulose, metabolizable energy(ME) dry matter InVitro digestibility (IDMD) and Organic matter InVitro digestibility (IOMD)were increased significantly (P<0.01).The dry matter (DM),organic matter(OM) ,neutral detergent fiber (NDF),hemicelluloses,  Lignin and pH were significant decrease (P<0.01) in date palm frond by treated with urea and corn g

The aim of this study to analysis Supply Response to the Corn in Iraq for Period (1980 – 2014), And effect of Price Volatility on the Supply Response through the study of the effect the explanatory variables (Average Prices of corn, for Previou year, Area Planted For Previou Year, The weighted Price (Competitive Price), The Price of Fertilizer (Urea), Total flows of Tigris And Euphrates Rivers, The Expected Price variance) on Dependent Variable (Area Planted for Corn Crop). The results indicated A Clear Disorders (Volatility) In the Average Corn Prices for Period (1991- 1996) In other Words, The Time Series of Corn Prices, And This Was an Excuse to Go to Estimate in the ARCH Family Model. It was Selected Model EGARCH (2,2) Acco

This study conducted to find the effect of partial replacement of soybean meal by Spirulina Arthospira platensis on some blood picture and biochemical criteria in  common carp Cyprinus carpio. Fish were fed on five experimental diets contained spirulina with ratio 1.45%, 2.90%, 3.54% and 6.10% of the total diet as well as control ( without spirulina) for 56 days . Results of the statistical analysis showed a significant decrease (p≤ 0.05) in the concentration of hemoglobin in treated fish fed on spirulina diets, meanwhile a significantly differences (p≤0.05) for stress index and the albumin criteria for fish fed at fifth diet comparing with control diet. The aspartate amino transferase

This study was carried out at Poultry Research Station, State Board of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture for the period from 27 September 2014 to 9 November 2014 to evaluate the Supplementation of different levels of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) on productive performance of broiler. Four hundred eighty chicks (Ross-308),one day old were randomly distributed to four dietary treatments for 42 days of age with 3 replicates/vtreatment (40 bird/replicate). Experimental treatments were as follow; T1 (Control diet) without supplement, while the treatment T2,T3 and T4  were Supplemented with 1, 1.5, 2 g CLA /kg diet  respectively. The results showed significant (P ≤ 0.05) incre

This study was aimed to use composite magnetic plaster kiln dust (MPKD) as a novel low-cost adsorbent reused of by-product plaster kiln dust (PKD) that was considered a source of air pollution. The removal efficiency of cadmium (II) ions was studied as a function of pH (4-7), MPKD mass (0.5- 8 g/L), initial ion concentration (50- 350 mg/L), and shaking time (5- 180 min). The adsorption kinetics of the MPKD was detected as chemical sorption due to the experimental uptake data best fitted with the pseudo-second-order model, also the intraparticle diffusion of ions did not significantly exert effects on the adsorption. The maximum adsorption uptake was 48 mg/g depen

This study was aimed to purified and characterized  the  bacteriocin produced from Lactobacillus acidophilus HT1,  in order to use it in a skin pharmaceutical formula. The optimal conditions for bacteriocin production was investigated and results showed that modified nutrient broth was the best medium with glucose (30 gm/L) and yeast extract (7 gm/L) with peptone (7 gm/L) were the optimum carbon and nitrogen sources. In addition, 2% inoculum size, 37C◦ and pH 6.4 were the optimal conditions to obtain maximum bacteriocin

The present study was aimed to determine the effects of erythromycin on the liver of albino Swiss mice. The study sample included 12 male mice divided into 3 groups. Mice of groups 1 and 2 were orally administrated with a daily dose 50 and 100 mg/kg bw erythromycin, respectively, while group 3 served as control and administrated with 0.1 ml distilled water. The treatment continued for 14 days . The results indicated a significant increase (p<0.05) in AST, ALT, and ALP activities of group treated with 100 mg/kg of erythromycin, compared with group treated with erythromycin 50 mg/kg . The study also showed several histological alterations in the liver tissues of animals treated with 50 mg/kg of the drug, includi