Many products contain several natural radionuclides in their composition. Frequent use of these products increases the cumulative radiation risk. This study aimed to measure the radioactivity using NaI (Tl)detector of consumer products found in local markets that contain natural radioactive materials (NORMs) and are used for various purposes. Average specific activity values are 3.52 Bq/kg for Uranium-238, 15.77 Bq/kg for Thorium-232, and 153.53 Bq/kg for Potassium-40. The radium equivalent (Raeq) was determined to be 45.22, and the average internal and external absorbed doses for the study samples were 39.77 and 21.21 nGy/h, respectively. The average values of the measured external and internal risk indexes are 0.12 and 0.13, and the re

In this study, novel derivatives have been synthesized for 1,2,4-triazole-quinazolinone compounds. The intermediate compound, amic acid 1, was prepared through the reaction of anthranilic acid with para-methoxybenzoyl chloride. The compound benzoxazinone 2 is prepared by reacting amic acid with acetic anhydride, which upon esterification is carried out using ethylglycinate hydrochloride. Ester derivative 3 was obtained. The first line of research involved reacting the ester derivative 3 with (semicarbazide, thiosemicarbazide, and phenylthiosemicarbazide, phenylthiosemicarbazide) respectively to give derivatives 5-8. Compounds 5-8 were cyclized in alkalin

The study uses the photometric method, which depends on the intensity of color scale levels in the image pixels. The work is based on converting color into a wavelength in each pixel; in the beginning, the work has been verified by measuring the monochromatic wavelengths of rays, such as lasers. The Matlab program (image processing) calculated the number of lasers as 325 nm, 473 nm, 477 nm, 535 nm, 603, and 785 nm, where the results were very good and had a low error rate. The elements had distinctive colors, which indicated wavelengths in the visible range. The work was done for the sulfur element found in specific Iraqi locations, such as Al-Mashraq field in Mosul province. The image processing techniques by Matlab software, with the a

The present work displays a theoretical calculation of the differential, integral cross-sections, and momentum transfer of electrons scattering from carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide molecules (CO₂). The collision energy used ranged from 20 to 1100 eV for the CO molecule and from 10 to 700 eV for the CO₂ molecule. The partial wave analyses with complex optical model potential were used for solving the Dirac relativistic equation in the high and low energy regions. The results show decent agreement with current experimental studies and other theoretical predictions.

Over the past decades, speaker identification has gained the attention of many researchers and security companies because of its many applications in identifying individuals. Therefore, through this work, a speaker identification system has been designed and implemented. The system undergoes a preprocessing phase that involves the removal of silence, the removal of outliers, the quantization of features, and the extraction of linear predictive coding (LPC) and Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) features. Additionally, the system performs a mean and standard deviation analysis on all features. The third phase involved applying deep learning techniques such as convolutional neural networks (CNN), artificial neural networks (ANN), l

This study outlines the synthesis of substituted 1,2,4-triazole derivatives through the cyclization reaction of thiourea derivatives. The process begins with the reaction of different halides with KSCN to produce isothiocyanate derivatives. then followed by a reaction with isonicotinic acid hydrazide to yield thioureas (1-6), with a yield rate of (72-88%). Then, compounds (1-6) were treated with alkaline medium 4 N (NaOH) to produced 1,2,4-triazole derivatives (7-12) with a yield (51-69%).The structure of the prepared compounds was characterized using FTIR,¹HNMR and ¹³CNMR spectroscopy. Some of the synthesized compounds were tested for antimicrobial

    In person recognition, biometrics play an important role. Behavioral or physiological characteristics are utilized by biometrics to identify an individual. Palmprint is considered highly usable and represents a reliable and unique biometric characteristic. Nevertheless, the useful and deepest features extracted from palm prints are an essential point. The most recently developed techniques use creases, wrinkles, and principal line features. However, due to closeness, these features are not enough to distinguish two individuals. Recently, one of the most important techniques that is considered a major key to extracting deep features such as texture features is deep learning. This paper proposes a biometric palm print system using t

Static young modules (Est) can be measured in the lab on real cores. Moreover, open-hole log data can be utilized to obtain the dynamic Young's modulus (Edyn). However, dynamic Young's modulus is affected by different rock properties. Thus, dynamic rock properties must be changed to static moduli using empirical equations. In this study, an experimental dataset from shale formation has been used to produce a reliable and accurate correlation for estimating static Young's modulus from log data alone, without the need for core measurements. We used 144 data points from log data to create the new correlations. We compared the results of the new correlation with earlier correlations in the literature. The findings demonstrated that, in contr

Reservoir Geomechanics plays a crucial role in maximizing the efficiency of the drilling process, guaranteeing accurate placement of horizontal wells, and accomplishing effective well completion. Accurately determining the levels of pore pressure and the vertical, minimum, and maximum horizontal stresses is a crucial component of thorough geomechanical modeling. Mishrif carbonate reservoir in the Middle Cretaceous and Zubair sandstone reservoir in the Lower Cretaceous are the essential reservoirs in the West Qurna oilfield, southern Iraq. This study aims to analyse the best Well trajectory conditions in the carbonate and sandstone reservoirs using many correlations for thirteen wells (that were drilled from 2014 to 2016) in the West Qurn

 The monoform concept is defined as a module in which every nonzero submodule is rational. The primary goal of this research is to study this class of modules in terms of pure property, named purely monoform modules. It constitutes an extension of the monoform modules; in fact, the monoform modules are properly included in the class of purely monoform modules. Many characteristics of a purely monoform module have been offered as analogues to those in monoform modules. A discussion of how this class of modules relates to other related modules is considered, like almost monoform, purely uniform, purely quasi-Dedekind and purely prime modules. Besides that, other characterizations of the purely monoform module have been given similar to th

This research aims to give an overview of the whole of the Euphrates Formation in Iraq. The deposition of the Euphrates Formation continued for approximately 10 million years, extending from the Early Miocene to the Middle Miocene epoch, including the Aquitanian- Langhian stages (23.3 - 13.82 M.Y ago). The formation is distributed regionally, as it includes about 75% of Iraq and extends to neighbouring countries, as it is equivalent to the Asmari Formation in Iran, while it is equivalent to the Hadroukh and Hofuf formations in Saudi Arabia and Jourdan. Syria is still named the Euphrates Formation, with 200 m thick overlying the Chilou Formation. In central Iraq and Kirkuk, it is equivalent to the Serikagni Formation. The predominant faci

In this research, a model was taken to explore the relationship between the prey, the predator, and the scavenger in the diet to study dynamic behavior. This was done by forming a system of ordinary differential equations, and critical points were found for the model that match biologically and mathematically to our study.  Their existence was proven, and theories were created for the model. By applying local and global stability methods, also we were able determine the bifurcation occurring at particular sites. After that, we observed the result of cooperation in hunting, which greatly affects both prey and predators, playing a vital and influential role. Everything we mentioned above was also proven practically, using Mathematica 13.2

Geospatial tools like remote sensing and GIS are vital for evaluating, monitoring, and preserving groundwater resources, especially in changing climates. Finding areas where groundwater recharge is most likely is crucial for protecting and managing its quality. In arid regions, groundwater is extracted extensively due to its importance for various uses. This study aims to identify and categorize productive areas for groundwater in Al Najaf – Karbala fan using remote sensing and GIS. The AHP method employed the weight for each factor used to determine the map potential zones, incorporating seven factors: geomorphology, lithology, aspect, drainage density, lineaments density, land cover, and slope. Each factor was ranked and categorized

In this work, we generalized the notion of essential submodules by introduce the notion that namely pure essential submodules. We also introduce two notions pure relative complement submodules and pure uniform modules, as well as some other related concepts. The fundamental characteristics of these ideas are investigated.

Genetic factors are  associated  with  the  immunogenicity  of  coronavirus  disease  2019  (COVID-19).  This  association  reaches  the  level  of  cellular  processes  such  as  autophagy,  ferroptosis,  and  pyroptosis,  correlating  with  increased  activity  of  the  Nod-like  receptor  family,  pyrin  domain  containing  3  (NLRP3)  inflammasome.  The  present  study  focuses  on  exploring  the  linkage  between  severe  COVID-19,  CCL20  chemokines,  and  NLRP3  gene  variants  in  an  Iraqi  sample.  A  case-control  study  enrolled  99  COVID-19  patients  and  96  controls  and  measured  CCL20  levels,  disease  severity,  blood  biomarkers,  and 

The best proximity point generalization of fixed point that is beneficial when the contraction map is not a self-map. The aim of this paper is to introduce new types of proximal contraction for cyclic mapping in strong ḇ-metric space that. Let  be complete strong ḇ-metric space and let  be two nonempty closed subsets of . Take the cyclic mapping  . If  is satisfies following condition   for all and , where  then  is Kannan cyclic, if  is satisfies following condition  for all  and , where  then  is Ćirić cyclic, if  is satisfies following condition  for all  and , where  Meir-Keeler mapping then  is Meir-Keeler -Kannan-Ghatterjee. The exi

The design and production of four-blade vertical turbines for wind power are the subjects of this study. One kind of wind turbine with a vertical axis that is used to generate electricity is the giromill wind turbine. The turbine comprises a primary shaft that rotates and four straight airfoils that depict the blades. The airfoil, main shaft, and bearing of all necessary wind turbine components were developed for the Iraqi exterior highways in this study. Included in the power calculations are torque, TSR, power factor, and wind speed. After the blades are made, all the pieces are assembled from steel, aluminum, and wood components. Ultimately, testing revealed that the turbine was operating very efficiently.

This study investigates the impact of spatial resolution enhancement on supervised classification accuracy using Landsat 9 satellite imagery, achieved through pan-sharpening techniques leveraging Sentinel-2 data. Various methods were employed to synthesize a panchromatic (PAN) band from Sentinel-2 data, including dimension reduction algorithms and weighted averages based on correlation coefficients and standard deviation. Three pan-sharpening algorithms (Gram-Schmidt, Principal Components Analysis, Nearest Neighbour Diffusion) were employed, and their efficacy was assessed using seven fidelity criteria. Classification tasks were performed utilizing Support Vector Machine and Maximum Likelihood algorithms. Results reveal that specific syn

A point that stays unchanged during a transformation is known as a fixed point(Fp). Such points play an important part in several mathematical domains. Applying Fp theory approaches allows for the efficient derivation of suitable solutions for operator equations that describe phenomena in several nonlinear scientific disciplines. The goal of solving these equations is to identify the Fp and its approximation. In this paper, a new iteration process is provided to approximate common fixed points (CFp) for non-expansive mapping (Non-exp map). Some convergence theorems have been established and the results obtained are confirmed with examples and tables. A numerical example is given to demonstrate that a novel process converges more rapidly

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is associated with increased oxidative stress and impaired endothelial function. Ticagrelor treatment improves antioxidant properties in addition to its antiplatelet effects. This study investigated the impact of Ticagrelor treatment on serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and other biochemical parameters in PAD patients. It also evaluated the potential diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of specific biomarkers based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Seventy individuals were categorized into healthy control (n=40), baseline PAD patients not on Ticagrelor (B-PAD, n=30), and same PAD patients after treated with Ticagrelor (A-PAD, n=30). Parameters measured included SOD concentratio

The performance of PV modules, which is evaluated under standard test conditions, rarely meets actual outdoor conditions due to the fluctuations of PV output readings. The present work investigates the behavior of performance parameters of three PV technologies, namely mono-crystalline, poly-crystalline, and amorphous, under variation of environmental factors (ambient temperature Ta, relative humidity R.H., and solar irradiance G) in the four seasons on clear sky days during the year 2021. The performance parameters include open circuit voltage Voc, short circuit current density Jsc, ideal output power density PD, and ideal efficiency ηo. The study employed the first-designed I-V logger as a prototype for data collection at the Helwan s

     With a small radio telescope in a high-noise area, this paper measured the Milky Way's rotation curve using the Tangent Point Method, by the Baghdad University Radio Telescope (BURT). It is placed on the Department of Astronomy and Space roof, and observes a 21-cm HI emission line, scanning the galaxy's first quadrant systematically. From 0° to 90° galactic longitude, by increasing 5°, the telescope identifies the highest recession velocity, corresponding to clouds orbiting tangent to the line of observation. The rotation curve, plotting galactic rotational velocity against distance from the centre, is anticipated to be flat, indicative of uniform mass distribution. However, observed deviations challenge this expectation, rev

     In this study, the linear Volterra integral problem of the second kind will be treated with delay using a Lagrange polynomial. The Volterra integral problem is solved numerically using the chosen technique to obtain the best approximation. Additionally, the test examples are provided to demonstrate, through comparison with other methods' outcomes, the great degree of accuracy of the approximative solutions. Moreover, To verify the accuracy of the calculations that is used in these test examples, the absolute error is used to compare it to the exact solution. For this method, the program is written by MATLAB R2018a language.

    Ferns are considered as important medical herbs. They produce a wide range of secondary metabolites that could be useful in treating different diseases. However, they still remain underexplored in medical aspects in Iraq. Hence, the purpose of this study was to identify alkaloids components in the methanol extracts of four fern species (Asplenium ceterach L., A. scolopendrium L., Cheilanthes pteridioides (Richard) C. Chr. from Malakan region in Erbil Governorate and Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. from Chemi Rezan in Sulaimaniyah Governorate,  of northen Iraq during March - June 2018. The research was conducted by using High performance liquid chromatography (H

    The Fuzzy Logic method was implemented to detect and recognize English numbers in this paper. The extracted features within this method make the detection easy and accurate. These features depend on the crossing point of two vertical lines with one horizontal line to be used from the Fuzzy logic method, as shown by the Matlab code in this study. The font types are Times New Roman, Arial, Calabria, Arabic, and Andalus with different font sizes of 10, 16, 22, 28, 36, 42, 50 and 72. These numbers are isolated automatically with the designed algorithm, for which the code is also presented. The number’s image is tested with the Fuzzy algorithm depending on six-block properties only. Groups of regions (High, Medium, and Lo

     This case control study aimed to determine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Kisspeptin (KISS1) gene in males with idiopathic infertility and their association with sex hormones and semen quality. The study included a total of 60 infertile and 30 healthy fertile males. Our results show that the level of the measured hormones (LH, FSH, Testosterone, Prolactin and Kisspeptin-54) were higher in the control group than in the male infertile group at p<0.05. We used polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RELP) for the genotyping of KISS1 position rs35431622 (Q36R) KISS1, which showed three different genotypes of different sizes; a wild-type homozygous AA of 233 bp and a h

      This study shows the effects of copper material electrode, applied voltage, and different pressure values on electrical discharge plasma. The purpose of the work is the application of the spectral analysis method to obtain accurate results of nitrogen plasma parameters. By using the optical emission spectroscopy (OES), many N₂ molecular spectra peaks appeared in the range from 300 to 480 nm. Also, some additional peaks were recorded, corresponding to atomic and ionic lines for nitrogen, target material, and hydrogen, in all samples. The electron density (n_e) was calculated from the measurement of Stark broadening effect, which was found to decrease with increasing pressure from 0.1 mba

     During this paper, new Schiff's base derivatives [F₁-F₅] were prepared through the reaction of dapsone drug with different substituted benzaldehyde compounds. Schiff's bases were then converted into 2,3-dihyroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives [F₆-F₁₀] through the reaction with 2-amino benzoic acid in ethanol. The synthesized compounds were identified by their physical properties using UV-Vis, FT-IR and ¹H-NMR analyses. The liquid crystalline properties of some prepared compounds revealed smectic and nematic phases. Using two separate bacterial species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram -ve) and Staphylococcus  aureus<

We present in this paper the development and implementation of a new
steganographic method, the information will be hidden in the selected parts of the
table with floating-point numbers used as stego cover. The method is implemented
by transform each character in the text into numbers, then stores it as part of the
floating-point number. The main goal of steganography was fulfilled since the
resulted table did not drown any suspicion, the same table can be used by
experimental person for the different calculation.

     The aims of visible watermarking are to prevent the illegal copying of videos and images and to avoid the theft and unauthorized advertisement of the legitimate owners' content. The visible watermark is distinguishable with the naked eye. This makes it easily removed by an attacker. This paper proposes an anti-removable visible logo by double embedding using the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and a chaotic map. The main purpose of this method is to prevent the removal attack and restore the original video without information loss after the logo is legally removed. DWT is used for both the cover area and the logo to embed sub-bands of information from the cover area into sub-bands of the logo. The main idea of using a chaotic m