Iraqi Journal of Science
College of Science - University of Baghdad
Journal Website
ISSN:
0067-2904
eISSN:
2312-1637
Statistics
No. of publications:
5221
No. of views:
2167495
No. of Scopus citations:
8842
No. of Crossref citations:
2604
SNIP 2024:
0.947
SJR 2024:
0.341
CiteScore 2024:
2.1
CiteScore 2025:
2.1
Publication Date
Wed Jul 30 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Bias Reduction of Maximum Likelihood Estimation In Generalized Ramos-Louzada Distribution
Bias correction
survival analysis
generalized Ramos-Louzada
bootstrap
The generalized Ramos-Louzada distribution (GRL) is a potential option for modeling the survival data which considers flexibility while modeling data with decreasing, increasing, reversed-J shaped, and J-shaped hazard rate functions. It should however be noted that the most widely used technique of parameter estimation of GLR is the maximum likelihood technique (MLE). While the MLE is quite efficient in large samples, they are known to be highly biased for small samples. We are therefore forced to come up with essentially nonbiased estimators for GRL parameters. Particularly, we investigate two procedures of bias correction: bootstrap and analytical methods in order to minimize MLE bias up to the second-degree. Two real-world data applic
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