Aims: Because of the high incidence of cancer in females, we need to identify an accurate therapy to deal with the treatment of different types and stages of cancer. Histopathology acts as an important step to foresee the stage in which the cancer is present, its risk of metastasis, and the health outcomes after completion of treatment. Histopathology grading acts as an important criterion to determine the treatment pattern to be adopted, the prognosis in patients and other possible future risks. Hence conducting novel histopathologcial studies in major female cancers is necessary in determining the treatment plan to be chosen for the patient.

Study design: Retrospective Observational study

Zygnematales an order of green algae in Shaqlawa District Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, has been studied in eighteen sites, distributed between twelve springs and six along the streams within Shaqlawa district from September2019 to August2020. A total of 116 species belonging to 9 genera were identified. The most dominant genera included Spirogyra and Cosmarium (31, 30) taxa respectively. Out of them, 30 species were recorded for the first time in Iraq. Newly found genera included one species each for Cylindrocystis, Debarya, Hallasia and Staurastrum, nine species belonged to Mougeotia

      Twitter popularity has increasingly grown in the last few years, influencing life’s social, political, and business aspects. People would leave their tweets on social media about an event, and simultaneously inquire to see other people's experiences and whether they had a positive/negative opinion about that event. Sentiment Analysis can be used to obtain this categorization. Product reviews, events, and other topics from all users that comprise unstructured text comments are gathered and categorized as good, harmful, or neutral using sentiment analysis. Such issues are called polarity classifications. This study aims to use Twitter data about OK cuisine reviews obtained from the Amazon website and compare the effectiveness

The present study includes the evaluation of petrophysical properties and lithological examination in two wells of Asmari Formation in Abu Ghirab oil field (AG-32 and AG-36), Missan governorate, southeastern Iraq. The petrophysical assessment was performed utilizing well logs information to characterize Asmari Formation. The well logs available, such as sonic, density, neutron, gamma ray, SP, and resistivity logs, were converted into computerized data using Neuralog programming. Using Interactive petrophysics software, the environmental corrections and reservoir parameters such as porosity, water saturation, hydrocarbon saturation, volume of bulk water, etc. were analyzed and interpreted. Lithological, mineralogical, and matrix recogniti

     With the growth of the use mobile phones, people have become increasingly interested in using Short Message Services (SMS) as the most suitable communications service. The popularity of SMS has also given rise to SMS spam, which refers to any unwanted message sent to a mobile phone as a text. Spam may cause many problems, such as traffic bottlenecks or stealing important users' information. This paper,  presents a new model that extracts seven features from each message before applying a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) to assign a weight to each of the extracted features. The message features are fed into the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) to determine whether they are spam or ham. To evaluate the proposed model, the UCI bench

The urbanization and climate change phenomena are global problems whose negative effects have been exacerbated in cities, and they are a reason for the formation of global warming and urban heat islands. The research came to shed light on the urban expansion of Baghdad for four decades which extended between (1981-2021) using the ArcMap Gis10.7 technique, then evaluating the impact of this expansion on the city’s climate. The climate data were taken from Baghdad station by remote sensing technique for the same period. To clarify and analyse the relationship between the expansion and climatic data, Microsoft Excel was used. The results indicated a strong relationship between them, as urbanization rates increased, especially during the f

     Approximately 15% of all couples all over the world suffer from difficulty conceiving their first child. The word "infertility" is used to describe this problem.

When a couple had  regular, unprotected sexual intercourse for a year or longer, it indicates that they have been unsuccessful in their efforts to conceive.

      The current investigation aims to find out if there is a relationship between PROTAMIN-1(PRM-1) and INTERLEUKINE-12 (IL-12) gene expressions and their effect on the development of infertility. The current investigation comprised 100 teratozoospermia patients and 100 healthy fertile controls who had their semen examined. Samples were given by Al-Nahrain University's Biotech

The emergent bacterial resistance to antibiotics, most especially Carbapenems, has become a common phenomenon. The aim of the recent study was the observation and evaluation of the antibacterial susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumoniae in clinical specimens to different Carbapenems. One hundred isolates of K. pneumoniae isolated from different clinical sites, such as leg, caesarean section (CS), head, buttock, breast, thigh, and arm were tested. Using disc diffusion method, the isolates were tested for susceptibility to different antibiotics including Tobramycin, Ciprofloxacin, Aztreonam, Colistin sulphate, Ceftriaxone, Cefepime, Cefoxitin, Ceftazidime, Ertapenem, Meropenem, and Imipenem. The results were interpreted acc

A green and low-cost method was used to prepare graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) by chemical exfoliation of graphite powder by modified Hummers method, followed by reduction using ascorbic acid. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) were used to analyze the structure and morphology of the synthesized materials. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy were used to identify the formation of the GO and rGO

Moringa oleifera Lam. tree has often been considered a medicinal and economical plant for its nutritional and medicinal properties. This study is intended to use plant tissue culture and elicitation technologies to increase secondary metabolites in the callus cultures of the M. oleifera. Young nodal segments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGRs). A combination of 1.5 mg/l NAA plus 0.5 mg/l TDZ resulted in a high callusing rate (70%) with the largest size. Various concentrations of Salicylic acid (SA) and Methyl jasmonate (MeJa) were individually added to the growth medium to evaluate their impact on the biomass of callus cul

P. aeruginosa is a famous bacterium that causes several diseases and has a high ability to be a multidrug resistant organism that is linked with the formation of biofilm. This study aimed to investigate tssC1 gene role in the resistance of different antibiotics in the presence of biofilm. We constructed biofilm for the isolates under the study and showed the effect of different antibiotics on biofilm formation and maturation. The presence of the gene was detected through achieving PCR reaction. Finally, tssC1 gene variation was determined through sequencing and aligning the sequencing products. The results showed that most of the isolates (80%) formed biofilm that played a role in the resistance of different antibiotics which could be du

The aim of this research is to use the class of soft simply open set to define new types of separation axioms in soft topological spaces. We also introduce and study the concept of soft simply compactness.

     This paper investigates the simultaneous recovery for two time-dependent coefficients for heat equation under Neumann boundary condition. This problem is considered under extra conditions of nonlocal type. The main issue with this problem is the solution unstable to small contamination of noise in the input data. The Crank-Nicolson finite difference method is utilized to solve the direct problem whilst the inverse problem is viewed as nonlinear optimization problem. The later problem is solved numerically using optimization toolbox from MATLAB. We found that the numerical results are accurate and stable.

This paper discusses Ree–Eyring fluid’s peristaltic transport in a rotating frame and examines the impacts of Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). The results deal with  systematically (analytically) applying each of the governing equations of Ree–Eyring fluid, the axial and secondary velocities, flow rate due to auxiliary stream, and bolus. The effects of some distinctive variables, such as Hartman number, heat source/sink, and amplitude ratio, are taken under consideration and illustrated through graphs.

Modern statistical techniques offer a range of methodologies for modelling time series data, with conditional and unconditional approaches providing complementary insights that enhance overall model accuracy. This article introduced a modified ARIMA model employing conditional and unconditional parameter estimates. The methodology for the new model based on novel methods is provided. The prediction process, one and two steps ahead, is covered in detail, and a novel algorithm is presented. The best model is picked based on various measurement criteria, such as coefficient of determination (R²), root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean absolute scaled error (MASE). The suggested model is applied to a monthly petrol sales dataset

The use of bioplastics can be a promising option to achieve environmental sustainability and reduce environmental pollution, as it has a positive impact on reducing climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions compared to traditional plastics made from petrochemicals, which cause environmental pollution due to increased carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere as a result of burning and destruction of conventional plastics, which causes in major climate change due to rising temperatures and the occurrence of the global warming phenomenon. The high cellulose contents in Amber Rice Husk (ARH) support use as raw material for bioplastic synthesis and include the following components, cellulose 36.48%, hemicellulose 39.5%, lignin

Mount Bur Ni Telong of Aceh, Indonesia, is a part of the Bukit Barisan volcanic arc region. It is located south of the young parasitic cone, Mount Bur Ni Geureudong. The Mount Bur Ni Telong area contains potential geothermal energy sources, as hot springs and fumaroles indicate. However, the information on Bur Ni Telong’s geothermal prospect is still limited. Therefore, this study aims to develop a subsurface structural model of the geothermal system using gravity data. The subsurface geological structure was determined using density calculations based on residual gravity anomalies, calculated using the moving average method. The 2D modelling results showed that the system is controlled by normal faults associated with hot spring activ

This work aims to study the outer Pseudo-ring galaxy IC 2473 by analyzing its spectroscopic and photometric data using griz filters from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The ellipse task from the STSDAS library was applied within the IRAF environment to analyze the isophotes and extract the galaxy's structural and optical properties using surface photometric techniques. This analysis helped determine important parameters such as ellipticity, surface brightness, and position angle, enabling a precise characterization of the galaxy's structure.

A least-square fitting method was used to effectively study the morphological features. Spectroscopically, the emission line flux [OII] was analyzed to estimate the star formation rate (S

Since the first report of SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China, the virus has undergone multiple mutations leading to the emergence of variants of concern. While mutations in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike gene have been extensively studied, mutations and indels in the N-terminal domain (NTD) have received less attention. In this study, we use a simple and cost-effective Sanger sequencing approach by targeting a 757bp region in the NTD of the spike gene. Analysis results showed the dominancy of G142D mutation resulted from single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Furthermore, our results showed the prevalence of two distinctive mutational clusters, the first pattern includes the 69H/70V, 143V, 144Y, L212I, and 211N deletions, insertio

Ransomware is a serious threat while using the computer; it may cause the user's data to be encrypted or not allow them to access computers and require users to pay a ransom to open files. However, scientific work in this area has not been fully addressed, and many challenges are mentioned in previous studies. This approach employs a dedicated pipeline for feature engineering and a collection of machine-learning models for binary classification. The primary innovation in dynamic analysis is using API call functionalities to extract engineered features, which capture distinct behavioral characteristics associated with various ransomware families. This method allows the model to differentiate between benign and malicious o

A new azo dye was synthesized by coupling the diazonium salt derived from 3-aminophenol with 8-hydroxyquinoline.This dye served as a precursor for synthesizing coordination complexes with manganese, chromium, molybdenum and vanadium. The ligand was characterized using¹H and ¹³C NMRspectroscopy, whilethe synthesized materials were characterized by MS, IR and UV-Vis spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis,and elemental analysis. For the metal complexes, additional measurements such asconductivity, magnetic susceptibility, metal content and chlorine of the complexes were also measured. The results showed that the ligand behaves as trigonal behavior, and that the complexes adopt an octahedral geometry, except for thevanadium square pyram

Desert truffles are edible fungi that grow wild in various areas worldwide and are seasonal. The objective of the research is to illustrate the efficacy of the alcoholic extract of Terfezia claveryi as an antioxidant after diagnosing  truffle species by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), antioxidant activities were determined by (DPPH) 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and (FRAP) ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power, then compared with positive controls. The antioxidant activity of ethanol extract was evaluated  using T. claveryi ascocarps which were harvested from Anbar desert, Iraq. The ethanol extract exhibited the highest DPPH radical-scavenging activity compared to ascorbic acid, with IC50 values of 6 µg/ml and 1 µg

The development of trust between vehicles in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) serves as a fundamental requirement to guarantee application integrity while maintaining dependability. Reliability and trust allows vehicles to retrieve precise and dependable data from adjacent vehicles to perform the necessary decisions. Security remains difficult in VANET because it lacks central control and is characterized by dynamic operation methods. The main objective centers on developing more effective message verification systems. Since trust exists as a fuzzy concept, we implemented fuzzy logic to obtain trust values. The proposed system divides its functionality into two components which include a controller check stage built with four factors.

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are a novel deep learning model that excels at solving both inverse and forward non-linear partial differential equation (PDE) problems. This paper presents a new algorithm implemented using Python and the IDRLnet library. The new algorithm of the open-source deep learning package is designed to solve PDEs using PINNs and is mainly used for physics-informed deep learning. This paper uses PINN to solve the 2nd-order Volterra integro-differential equations (VIDE) for the first time, in which a series of iterative solutions are established based on the Gauss-Legendre quadratic method after converting the 2nd-order VIDE into a PDE. In addition, three different examples are presented and solved using t

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystemic autoimmune illness distinguished by biological and clinical variability. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a cytokine linked to some immunological responses, and elevated amounts of IL-18 have been found in autoimmune animal models and the biological fluids and organs of people with various autoimmune diseases, previous studies have indicated the importance of IL-22 (another interleukin) in the development and pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, including SLE. This study investigates the molecular correlation between gene expression of both IL-18 and IL-22 and different genotypes of rs360719 and rs1012356 SNPs, exploring their roles in the pathogenesis of SLE in a sample of Iraqi pat

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative bacterium and a member of the Enterobacteriaceae that can cause many infections. This research aimed to examine the effect of the presence of the K1 and K2 capsule serotypes on biofilm formation and its relation with resistance to antibiotics. In this study, 130 clinical specimens were collected from different clinical sources from patients in hospitals, and only 61 isolates were identified as K. pneumoniae by selective media, biochemical test, and Vitek II. Disc diffusion technique was used to assess the resistance of 61 isolates to ten distinct antibiotics. The greatest resistance was observed against Amoxicillin-clavulanate (98.36%), while the least

A new azo-acetophenon ethylene-diamine ligands were synthesized through a multi-step procedure. The process initiated with the formation of an ACEN imine via that produced from the condensation of ethylene diamine and 4-aminoacetophenone, followed by diazotation of the ACEN amine group and subsequent coupling with components to form these two new ligands:- (1E,1'E)-N,N'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(1-(4-((E)-(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)diazenyl)phenyl)ethan-1-imine) L₁ and3,3'-((1E,1'E)-(((1E,1'E)-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azanylylidene))bis(ethan-1-yl-1-ylidene)) bis(4,1-phenylene))bis(diazene-2,1-diyl))bis(naphthalen-2-ol) H₂L₂. Comprehensive characterization of these ligands was conducted using FTIR, NMR, UV-visi

The problem of interruption of communication between the spacecraft and the ground station due to the plasma formed around the spacecraft is one of the important and dangerous problems facing spacecraft during their return to the Earth’s atmosphere. The present work focused on diagnosing the plasma parameters generated around a spacecraft model in a laboratory. A vacuum system was used to produce plasma under a working pressure of 0.1 mbar. The spacecraft model was placed inside this plasma between the cathode and the anode, and a strong magnetic field was used to confine the plasma around this model. A single Langmuir probe was used to calculate the electron temperature, electron density, Debye radius, and plasma frequency. Plasma fre

Copper Indium Sulfur-Selenide (CISSe)-based solar cell is examined by optimization several aspects including absorber layer thickness, buffer layer thickness, window layer thickness, working temperatures and energy band gap values. The optimization of these factors has resulted in optimum absorber layer thickness of 3000 nm, optimum CdS thickness of 10 nm, optimum ZnO thickness of 10 nm, optimum working temperature of 300 K and optimum energy band gap of 1.5 eV. The best device performance consisting of these optimum values results in a PCE of 30.51% correlated to FF of 83.7%, JSC of 47.188 mA.cm-2 and VOC of 0.773 Volt. The results are promising and pave the way towards high PCE of CISSe-based solar. However, there might be a difference

In this study, a one-pot synthesis method was utilized to prepare a series of novel progesterone derivatives featuring 1,2,3-triazole rings. The condensation of progesterone with ten different aromatic aldehydes through a Claisen-Schmidt reaction gave the desired α,β-unsaturated carbonyl derivatives as intermediates, which were treated directly with benzyl azide via a metal-free [3+2] cycloaddition reaction to furnish the target derivatives 1-10 in 58-81% yields. The structure of the synthesized compounds (1-10) was characterized using FT-IR, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. The significant point of this work is combining two important m