Computer network technologies have grown rapidly in the last few decades. With the increased use of networked computers for critical applications, computer intrusions have been increased and became a significant threat to these systems and, thus Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) have become essential addition to security infrastructure of most organizations. This paper presents the design and implementation of a Network Node Intrusion Detection System (NNIDS) that support IPv4 protocol. It detects a variety of attacks which are directed to the resources of filing system. The implied detection rules are based on matching the predefined normal behavior of the system with the characteristics of the detected user’s events.
Several sim

An algorithm to recognize distorted Machine and handwritten characters is proposed. It uses a feature point extraction-based recognition approach. A new verification scheme, which deals with this problem, is presented. A new feature extractor set is introduced. This research explores best sets of feature extraction techniques and studies the accuracy and speed of the suggested procedures. Finally, experimental results on one database are presented, their results showing the robustness of the algorithm using small database.

In this paper, we characterize the unitary composition operator pC on the Hardy space 2H where p is a special automorphism of a unit open disk U such that. In addition to we study the compactness and essential normality of and give some other partial results.

For a connected topological space M we define the homeomorphism and period noncoincidence indices of M, each of them is topological invariant reflecting the abundance of fixed point free self homeomorphisms and periodic point free self maps defined on M respectively.
We give some results for computing each of these indices and we give some examples and some results relating these indices with Hoffman index.

The upper of Mukdadiya Formation (Pliocene), which exposed south-east of Badra on the west of the anticline. This part of the Formation ranging between 80m to 120m in the study area. Two sedimentolgical sections were studied in the area. The Formation composed mainly of clastics sediments. These clastics consist of conglomerate, sandstone and mudstone facies.
The conglomerate facies mostly are with trough cross bedding and normal graded bedding. The matrix content decrease upwards within the conglomerate beds. The sandstone facies is mostly of very coarse to coarse sand grains, andmostly with trough cross bedding. The bed thickness of the both above facies varies vertically and laterally from one location to another as well as in th

The aim of this study is to explain the role of the discharge of Shatt Al-Arab River , two water years have been chosen to show this effect (2006 & 2007) to know the Effect of discharge on total dissolve suspended and salinity variations in (Al-Sallow section) which show all river‘s efficacious from dawn stream and up stream .
The results display that the flood discharge is high in comparison with ebb discharge, (T.D.S) and salinity is a high in comparison with last studies, and there was a difference between the phase of flood and ebb, reason of the marine and river sources, another difference(yearly-monthly) in these characteristics because of effect Water Balance from river sources of Shatt Al-Arab River and due to terminat

Frequency and temperature dependence of AC-conductivity (AC) and power loss (W) for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were studied (in the frequency range 1KHz-1MHz and in the temperature range 20-100°C). It has been found that the AC-conductivity increases with increasing frequency and temperature for both samples. The value of the exponent is less than 1 for both samples as determined experimentally. The power loss which is in the form of heat, is increased for both samples with increasing frequency and temperature. The IR spectra shows the presence of C-Cl and C=O bond, which are the main sources for power loss.

The evaluation of the (γ,n) cross section for radioactive fission products has been done in the present paper. The current research deals with heavy isotopes resulting from fission reactor, namely, 144Ce, 144Nd, 151Sm and 155Eu. The range of energy lays in the region of energy near the giant dipole resonance, from the threshold energy up to around 30 MeV. The present radioactive isotopes were chosen as part of the radioactive waste from 235U fission. Total cross section results then were found and calculated, and used to calculate the number of incinerated nuclei. By varying the gamma-ray fluxes and repeating the calculations, the present method shows efficiency in reducing the radioactivity of these isotopes. The results given in the p

This study included extraction, physiochemical and partial purification of some crud alkaloide compounds in berries, leaves and roots of (Solanum nigrum) Solanaceae plants, which is locally named ( ANAB Al-THEA'B ) . It's the most important medicinal herb, which is widely distribution in IRAQ and used in folklore medicine. The phytochemical investigation of the plant was designed to evaluate alkaloid contente in berries, leaves and roots. Four major crud alkaloid were isolated and partially purified as follows, ( a, b, c and d ). The yield was 8.73%, 9.5%, 0.9% and 0.33% respectively. Acid hydrolysis was performed using limited concentration of HCl or H2SO4 to obtain the aglycon part of the previously separated component as ( A, B, C and

Pyoverdine was extracted from the local isolate ( PFAS14 ) after 10 hours of incubation time and reached maximum production after 46 hours.
The extraction of pyoverdine was done as ferric-pyoverdine complex by organic solvent and precipitate with salt then purify with ion exchange and gel filteration chromatography.
The maximum absorbance of pyoverdine was at 370 nm., while the maximum absorbance of ferric-pyoverdine complex was at 400nm. The pyoverdine showed inhibition activity against pathogenic fungi, bacteria and C. albicans, the supernatant of (PFAS14) isolate was also active while the ferric-pyoverdine complex does not show any activity.
Curring the plasmid of PFAS14 isolate do not effect the production of pyoverdin

Results of laboratory investigation in larvae of common carp fish , Cyprinus carpio exposed to Sumicidin ,Fenvalerate, and its residue, normally used as air sprays to control insects, that this insecticide was toxic to fish larvae. After exposure to the insecticide, some larvae were immediately killed ; others showed abnormal behavior and eventually either died or recovered depending on sumicidin dose received.The LC50 of Sumicidin to fish larvae exposed to insecticide during a period of 96 hour was 0.024 mg/L for fish 4-6 gm

This preliminary in vitro study was conducted to investigate the effect of ozonated water on certain microorganisms (Bacteria&fungi) associated with wound & burn infection by using different concentrations of ozonated water (20,40 and 60 μg/ml) on these microorganisms .
The results revealed that the percentages of inhibition were (10,20 &40%) for Staphylococcus aureus , (0,15&30%) for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and (25,50&65%) for Trichophyton mentagrophytes and finally (20,40 &60 %) for Candida albicans . Results also indicated that the percentages of inhibition were increased when we using more volume of ozonated water at concentration 60 μg/ml , in which all the microorganisms in this study inhibited complet

The results of the present investigation indicated that exposing the eggs of Dacus ciliatus to incremented doses of gamma ray, showed that eggs were highly sensitive. The hatchability was significantly reduced with the increase of doses, in comparison with the control treatment.
The negative effect of irradiation was continued to the subsequent developmental stages, and on adult emergence and longevity. The dose of 10 Gy reduced significantly the fecundity and hatchability at all mating types, and there was no potential to induce complete sterility in the emerged adults. Prepupal larvae were less radiosensitive than the eggs. Adult emergence at 10 and 20 Gy was 88 and 56% respectively. The fecundity was reduced significantly in two

Entamoeba histolytica was isolated from bloody mucoid stools of patients with amebic dysentery and cultivated on Lock-egg medium to which human serum was added. The parasites were maintained in culture for two weeks during which separate subcultures were prepared.
The effect of a water extract and of an alcoholic extract of seeds of Peganum harmala and leaves of Artemisia herba-alba on the viability of E. histolytica was tested. The effect of a combination of the water extracts and of the alcoholic extracts of both plants on amebic viability was also tested at concentrations of 1000 mg / ml and at 1500 mg / ml for two hours. The results showed a marked effect of both combinations of water extracts and of alcoholic extracts on viabil

Five additives were used in this work namely: tetra ethyl ammonium tribromophenyl phosphine (I), tetra ethyl ammonium chlorodibromophenyl phosphine (II) chlorinated rubber (III), a mixture of 50% by weight of each of I and III (additive IV), a mixture of 50% by weight of each of II and III (additiveV) in order to study the synergetic effect of these compounds as flame retardants with epoxy and unsaturated polyester resins.
The results showed that all these additives are active and the synergetic effect was very clear in which the additives IV and V gave the best results. The retarding activity of these compounds is following the order:-
IV > V > I > II > III
The tests depended on the ASTM ( in which the limitin

Some metal complexes of Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) of the formula [M(PVA-oxi)2 (NO3)2] [M= Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II) and Ni(II)] and vanadyl complex with formula [VO(PVA-oxi)2SO4] were prepared and characterized by atomic absorption, IR, UV-Vis spectroscopic techniques, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility as well as the rel
It was found that the prepared complexes were formed only with partially oxidized PVA, which has carbonyl and hydroxylic groups through PVA chains and then react with metal ion in N,N-dimethylformamide as a solvent in (1:2) molar ratio (metal : Ligand) in neutral or slightly basic solution.
The results showed that the ligand (PVA-oxi) was bidentate ligand coordinated with metal ion through the oxygen ato

The applications of herbal medicine have recently acquired growing interest in range of the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases. Olibanum has been used since ancient eras and several reports studied the pharmacological characteristics of boswellic acid, particularly their effect on the inflammatory response, analgesic properties, and anti-arthritic activity mostly in cell lines, but new approaches include animal models to assess these natural derivatives effects taking into consideration of being safer than synthetic preparations.  The impact of olibanum oil on several parameters was studied in rats during this study. These included white blood cell (WBC) count, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and C reactive protein (CRP), as well as oth

It is thought that the monoamine oxidase-A (MAOA) enzyme, which catalyzes key brain signaling chemicals like serotonin, noradrenaline, and dopamine, indirectly influences antisocial behavior by disrupting the neurotransmitter balance in brain regions and neural networks. This study aims to assess the MAOA enzyme level in serum and serotonin linked to antisocial behavior in cases in the prison of Baghdad City, Iraq. Blood samples were collected from (63) prisoners and (27) control groups, ages 18 years to 65 years, with a mean ± SD of 37.8 ± 8.8, all males, with different prison terms and different crimes for prisoners in the prison at Baghdad City, Iraq. MAOA and serotonin levels were measured in serum in prisoners and healthy men, and

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infectious disorders worldwide. The most frequent cause of UTIs is uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). The current study is designed to assess the resistance of antibiotics, the formation of biofilm, and the detection of adhesion genes in E. coli isolated from patients with UTIs. A hundred and fifty samples were collected from patients with confirmed UTIs in Baghdad province during the period of October 2022 to February 2023. Isolation and identification of E. coli were performed using cultural characteristics, gram staining, and biochemical examination, and the results indicated that 52 (35%) isolates were identified as E. coli. Eleven anti

The upward continuation technique was applied to the gravity and magnetic data to obtain the residual anomalies maps in eastern Iraq. A new processing method is introduced to calculate the crustal layers depending on the relation between the total range of the residual anomalies of gravity, magnetic data and the upward continuation, with multi-elevations. The significant relationship shows slope variations, which may reflect the maximum contrast in the physical properties (density and/or susceptibility) and the intersection point representing the depth of layer contacts. This method was applied to the eastern central part of Iraq, adjacent to the Iranian borders. It is found that the average depth range to the Jurassic formations, top ba

Hyaluronidase is an enzyme that breaks down primarily hyaluronic acid, thereby disrupting the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix (ECM) found in connective tissues, which is considered a virulence factor. The aim of this research was to study the effect of a plant-active compound (vasicine) that was separated from a plant sample as an inhibitor agent for the hyaluronidase enzyme that was isolated from Staphylococcus aureus, which is considered a virulence factor. 120 samples were randomly isolated from infected burns. The isolates showing highly hydrolyzed zones were identified. Cell growth as well as hyaluronidase activity are measured spectrophotometrically by the turbidity reduction assay. The results showed tha

Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been found to be highly effective as electrolytes in TiO₂ NTAs-graphite cells when combined with additives that enhance conductivity by reducing the viscosity of these liquids. The presence of CaCl₂.6H₂O: Acetamide DES with DI water as an additive resulted in a cell voltage of 1.31V and an internal resistance of 19 ohm. This can be attributed to the concentration and quality of the ionic species. The cells exhibited an interesting response to the AlCl₃-chloroacetamide IL with dichloromethane DCM as an additive, with a cell voltage of 1.81V and an internal resistance of 5.0 ohm. Once again, this is influenced by the quality and concentra

Security plays a vital role in various domains, including blockchain technology. The Blockchain serves as a secure data structure for storing transactional records. Hash functions are employed in cryptography to ensure integrity and authentication within the blockchain. The widely used SHA256 algorithm has faced recent attacks, prompting the development of stronger hash functions. This paper presents a novel modification approach to enhance the performance of SHA256 by introducing an extended mechanism for generating a 288-bit message digest and reducing the number of rounds to 44 instead of 64 while preserving the diffusion of data through its complex iterative process, which involves multiple rounds of bitwise and logical operations. T

A series of novel pyrazoline derivatives 5-13 were synthesized in three steps from isatin, with yields ranging from 40 to 72% over the multistep procedure. The first step included the condensation of isatin with p-aminoacetophenone to afford the corresponding Schiff base 1 in a 75% yield. In the second step, the enolate form of Schiff base 1 was reacted with different aromatic aldehydes (benzaldehyde, p-nitrobenzaldehyde, and p-chlorobenzaldehyde) to give the title chalcone derivatives 2-4 in 60-72 yields. In the third step, pyrazoline derivatives 5-13<

High antibiotic resistance among Pseudomonas aeruginosa could be viewed as the primary cause of nosocomial infections. In this study, 60 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from urine, sputum, burn, ear and wounds swab. The major goal was to determine the relationship between MexX and MexY and the resistance of MDR P. aeruginosa to many drugs. Prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 22 isolates (36.66%) and 38 isolates (63.34%) were found to be non-MDR isolates. Moreover, molecular detection of MexX and MexY genes was done for MDR isolates.MexY gene was found in all MDR isolates and MexX gene was detected in 2

Thyroid dysfunction (TD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are two of the most frequent chronic endocrine disorders. This study included 60 women with thyroid disorders: 30 with hypothyroidism and 30 with hyperthyroidism, aged between 20 and 40 years. This study used 30 healthy women aged 20-40 years as a control group. Anthropometric measurements of Body Mass Index (BMI), hematological analysis of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), biochemical parameters (Thyroid-stimulating hormone TSH, Free triiodothyronine FT3, Free thyroxine FT4, Fasting Blood Sugar FBS), and adipokine concentrations zinc-α2-glycoprotein (AZGP-1) and retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4) were performed for all participants. The results revealed that the serum levels of zinc-α2-gly

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) creates detailed images by combining a powerful magnetic field with high-frequency radio waves. MRI images need to increase brightness and contrast to facilitate distinguishing diseases. This study aims to improve the MRI images depending on the suggested algorithm, including three main stages. The first is to divide the image into three main areas using Multilevel image thresholds and then improve using CLAHE for each area separately. Finally, these images combine to form one image and improve it again. By analyzing the results and calculating non-referenced quality measures, the proposed method obtained the best quality results compared to the rest of the methods with quality rates of EN(6.14), AG(6.79)

The microwave (MW) method was used to create a series of new thiazolidin-4-one derivatives containing benzothiazole and azo groups. Azoaldehyde derivative A was synthesized via the coupling reaction of 2-aminobenzothiazole diazonium ions and 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The resultant azoaldehyde A was then subjected to condensation reactions with the primary aromatic amines using the MW method to give azoimines derivatives S1-S5. Finally, compounds S1-S5 were reacted with α-mercaptoacetic acid by the MW method to generate the thiazolidin-4-one derivatives T1-T5. The novel-produced compounds T1-T5 were identified by FT-IR, ¹

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that has a genetic predisposition and a complex pathogenesis in which the involvement of various cytokines has been shown. In the current study, serum interleukin-39 (IL-39) levels from 99 patients with SLE and 33 healthy control subjects who attended the Baghdad Teaching Hospital Rheumatology Unit were examined. Patients were divided into 3 subgroups according to disease status: inactive (n = 33), active moderate (n = 33), and active severe (n = 33). This topic has not yet been explored, so the significance of IL-39 as a biomarker for SLE was evaluated. Cytokine levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Full medical histories, body mass index, ge

The study was carried out to see whether it would be possible to use remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) to create a morphometric geodatabase for the largest valley basin in the western Plateau (Houran Valley), Iraq. ArcGIS V.10.8 measured morphological or hydrological features using a digital elevation model (DEM). These properties are considered a crucial database for planning for dry or wet river basins and valleys, saving time, money, and resources compared to extensive regional research. A quantitative investigation of the morphological characteristics determined that the longitudinal drain density was 0.1698 km/Km², indicative of both high soil permeability and an arid to semi-arid desert environment.