In this paper we discuss the Zariski topology of intuitionistic fuzzy d-filter in d-algebra, with some topological properties on the spectrum of intuitionistic fuzzy d-filter in d-algebra X which have algebraic features such as connectedness. We find that this topology is a strongly connected, and  T₀ space. We also define the invariant map on intuitionistic fuzzy prime d-filter with a homomorphism map.

In this paper, we introduce and study the essential and closed fuzzy submodules of a fuzzy module X as a generalization of the notions of essential and closed submodules. We prove many basic properties of both concepts.

The solar energy is the major source of power for the future and an important source of renewable energy in Iraq and the world. Suitable climate conditions for solar energy are available in Iraq, especially the high temperature in the summer season which extends for more than six months in the year. Hence, the global solar radiation is abundant with high intensity, which is very essential in applicable models for researchers and solar applications. Therefore, nine first-order regression empirical equations of Angstrom-type correlations were used to estimate the more appropriate global solar radiation model for Baghdad city. Two equations were developed empirically in this work, using the most available and easy to get meteorological data

     Disequilibrium compaction, sometimes referred to as under compaction, has been identified as a major mechanism of abnormal pore pressure buildup in sedimentary basins. This is attributed to the interplay between the rate at which sediments are deposited and the rate at which fluids associated with the sediments are expelled with respect to burial depth. The purpose of this research is to analyze the mechanisms associated with abnormal pore pressure regime in the sedimentary formation. The study area “Jay field” is an offshore Niger Delta susceptible to abnormal pore pressure regime in the Agbada –Akata formations of the basin. Well log analysis and cross plots were applied to determine the unde

In this work, a chemical optical fiber sensor based on Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) was designed and implemented using plastic optical fiber. The sensor is used for estimating refractive indices and concentrations of various chemical materials (methanol, distilled water, ethanol, kerosene) as well as for evaluating the performance parameters such as sensitivity, signal to noise ratio, resolution and the figure of merit of the fabricated sensor. It was found that the value of the sensitivity of the optical fiber-based SPR sensor, with 40 nm thick and 10 mm long Au metal film of exposed sensing region, was 3μm/RIU, while the SNR was 0.24, the figure of merit was 20, and the resolution was 0.00066. The sort of optical fiber utilized i

The main purpose of this paper is to show that zero symmetric prime near-rings, satisfying certain identities on n-derivations, are commutative rings.

     The current study aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in a safe and eco-friendly biological method using green tea extract, characterize them using UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, FESEM, and AFM tools, then investigate their antioxidant potentials against DPPH and their cytotoxicity toward lymphoma cells using MTT and ethidium bromide/propidium iodide dual staining assays, and their genotoxic capacities by assessing their effects on the gene expression of p53, caspase3, bcl-2, and bax genes by qPCR and DNA fragmentation.  Results confirmed the synthesis of silver nanoparticles; the UV-vis results showed a peak of absorbance at 414 nm; FTIR analysis showed absorbance bel

     Foreign Object Debris (FOD) is defined as one of the major problems in the airline maintenance industry, reducing the levels of safety. A foreign object which may result in causing serious damage to an airplane, including engine problems and personal safety risks. Therefore, it is critical to detect FOD in place to guarantee the safety of airplanes flying. FOD detection systems in the past lacked an effective method for automatic material recognition as well as high speed and accuracy in detecting materials. This paper proposes the FOD model using a variety of feature extraction approaches like Gray-level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) to extract features and Deep Learning (DL) for classifi

     Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that is considered a major worldwide healthcare problem. Multiple studies have revealed that people with DM are more likely to acquire oral problems, such as periodontal diseases, because the oral microbiota plays a major role in oral health and may affect the saliva composition. This study aimed to characterize the oral microbiota of a sample of DM patients and its association with some demographic factors, such as smoking habits and gender. A total of 91 specimens, including 51 DM patients and 40 apparently healthy individuals, were enrolled in this study, which was carried out from November 2021 to February 2022. Whole saliva was collected in a sterile tube, and oral swabs

      Genistein (GEN) is one of the predominant dietary isoflavones found in legumes such as soybeans. Genistein has been recommended as an osteoporosis treatment for postmenopausal women and elderly men, with the intention of reducing cardiovascular disease and hormone-dependent malignancies. Therefore, two sensitive and simple methods for quantifying it in the supplements preparation were developed.The first method (A) comprised employing the surfactant Triton X-114 to extract the result of the diazotization reaction with 4-Aminoacetophenone(4AMA) utilizing a cloud point extraction technique. The product was extracted using micelles of a non-ionic surfactant (TritonX-114) and then spectrophotometrically detected at a specified wa

     Despite their long successful use, synthetic dyes have several problems due to their carcinogenic and toxic effects. Besides providing bright colors, some natural pigments have shown notable antimicrobial activity; thus, they could be utilized as functional dyes in many applications such as making colored antimicrobial textiles. In this work, a yellow pigment produced by Streptomyces thinghirensis AF7 and has a notable antimicrobial activity was used to produce a colored antimicrobial textile. The extracted yellow pigment was subjected to a purification step using silica gel column eluted with di ethyl ether solvent. The FTIR, GC-MS and NMR analysis showed that the colorings in this type of product are due to t

       The entire investigation's focus was on the production of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs), using prodigiosin pigments produced by Serratia marcescens as a stabilizing and reducing agent. Nickel oxide nanoparticles are synthesized using nickel sulfate NiSO₄ (10mg) with a concentration of prodigiosin (10g/100ml). Biosynthesized NiO nanoparticles have been characterized by using many techniques, such as (UV-Vis, AFM, XRD, FTIR, and FE-SEM). The AFM analysis revealed that NiONPs have an average diameter size of (41.77 mm), and the FE-SEM Image displays Spherical. Additionally, the effect of NiONPs with different concentrations on the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa was measured and the inhibition

     Total releasing phenolic compounds and allelopathic potential of the three sunflower genotypes Helianthus annuus L. residues were evaluated under open field conditions on weed flora associated with the proposed crops; wheat, broad bean and flax which are cultivated usually after the sunflower crop as successive crops. After getting seed from the sunflower crop. After getting seeds, sunflower plant parts were chopped and incorporated with field soil using a rotavator. Regarding the phenolics, total phenolic compounds released from sunflower residues were increased in-field soil and reached the highest concentration in the fourth week after mixing with soil. Significant suppression of weed flora was observed when the weed

     The dramatic decrease in the cost of genome sequencing over the last two decades has led to an abundance of genomic data. This data has been used in research related to the discovery of genetic diseases and the production of medicines. At the same time, the huge space for storing the genome (2–3 GB) has led to it being considered one of the most important sources of big data, which has prompted research centers concerned with genetic research to take advantage of the cloud and its services in storing and managing this data. The cloud is a shared storage environment, which makes data stored in it vulnerable to unwanted tampering or disclosure. This leads to serious concerns about securing such data from tampering and unauthoriz

     We introduce in this paper, the notion of a 2-quasì-prime module as a generalization of quasi-prime module, we know that a module E over a ring R is called quasi-prime module, if (0) is quasi-prime submodule. Now, we say that a module E over ring R is a 2-quasi-prime module if (0) is 2-quasi-prime submodule, a proper submodule K of E is 2-quasi-prime submodule if whenever ,  and , then either  or .

Many results about these kinds of modules are obtained and proved, also, we will give a characterization of these kinds of modules.

The presented investigation, here, was carried out to understand the status of the blood parameters, before and after deworming of Toxocara infection in dogs. For performing the study, 15 pet dogs were recruited from some residential areas in Al-Diwaniyah Province, Iraq. These dogs were exposed to fecal-microscopic based detection of Toxocara eggs and hematological based evaluation of white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), and differential counts before and 10 days after treatment with tetramisole. The helminth eggs in the feces of dogs were detected by the flotation method. In case of egg detection, deworming was carried out with tetramisole. The results revealed that the egg number was significantly (p˂0.05) decreased

     Polluted water has been considered a critical issue nowadays, threatening the environment and lives of living creatures. Because of technological and industrial advancements, as well as increased social activities of humans in various countries, pollution sources have multiplied. To reduce the impact of this problem, many techniques have been developed in order to reach zero discharge pollution. In the last decade, graphene oxide (GO) - a member of the graphene nanomaterials family, has been the focus of many research efforts in the water treatment sector because of its extraordinary properties. This review highlights the research efforts conducted to investigate GO as a novel adsorbent for water treatment applications and recen

     The aims of visible watermarking are to prevent the illegal copying of videos and images and to avoid the theft and unauthorized advertisement of the legitimate owners' content. The visible watermark is distinguishable with the naked eye. This makes it easily removed by an attacker. This paper proposes an anti-removable visible logo by double embedding using the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and a chaotic map. The main purpose of this method is to prevent the removal attack and restore the original video without information loss after the logo is legally removed. DWT is used for both the cover area and the logo to embed sub-bands of information from the cover area into sub-bands of the logo. The main idea of using a chaotic m

     Diabetic foot is a catastrophic complication of diabetes. This study included isolation and identification of three types of bacteria that cause diabetic foot ulcers,  fifty-five isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, thirty-five isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii, and thirty isolates of Serratia marcescens. These isolates were obtained from diabetic foot patients at different private clinics in and around Baghdad and Medical City Hospital. The proportion of male patients was greater than females, and it was noted that the age group (51-68 years) was more ages affected by diabetic foot. These isolates showed high resistance to most of the antibiotics used, Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to

     The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of space weather on the troposphere, where our climate exists. This work is useful to give us an idea of ​​the interaction between solar activity and some meteorological parameters. The sunspot number (SSN) data were extracted from the World Data Center for the production, preservation, and dissemination of the international sunspot number (SILSO), top net solar radiation (TSR) and temperature 2 meters from the ERA5 model of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) from the Climate Data Store with 0.25 grid Resolution, providing a rich source of climate data for researchers. This study was conducted from 2008 to 2021 (solar cycle 24 and the beginning of 25) over Iraq loca

     The Nahr Umr Formation is considered one of the main reservoirs produced in southern Iraq. It is one of the important siliciclastic deposits of the Cretaceous sequence of Iraq oilfields. Zubair oil fields ZB-190 and ZB-047 were chosen to study areas. This study depends on the available core and cutting samples to determine the facies analysis, depositional environments, petrographic characteristics and diagenesis processes. Based on the description of the core and the borehole, six types of facies were distinguished in the Nahr Umr Formation, resulting in an intercalated sandstone and shale with a thin layer of siltstone. The petrographic study of the clastic part of the Nahr Umr Formation showed that the sandstone is composed m

    In this paper, we generalize the definition of fuzzy inner product space that is introduced by Lorena Popa and Lavinia Sida on a complex linear space. Certain properties of the generalized fuzzy inner product function are shown. Furthermore, we prove that this fuzzy inner product produces a Nadaban-Dzitac fuzzy norm. Finally, the concept of orthogonality is given and some of its properties are proven.

     With the growth of the use mobile phones, people have become increasingly interested in using Short Message Services (SMS) as the most suitable communications service. The popularity of SMS has also given rise to SMS spam, which refers to any unwanted message sent to a mobile phone as a text. Spam may cause many problems, such as traffic bottlenecks or stealing important users' information. This paper,  presents a new model that extracts seven features from each message before applying a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) to assign a weight to each of the extracted features. The message features are fed into the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) to determine whether they are spam or ham. To evaluate the proposed model, the UCI bench

     Smishing is a cybercriminal attack targeting mobile Short Message Service (SMS) devices that contains a malicious link, phone number, or email. The attacker intends to use this message to steal the victim's sensitive information, such as passwords, bank account details, and credit cards. One method of combating smishing is to raise awareness and educate users about the various tactics used by SMS phishers. But even so, this method has been criticized for becoming inefficient because smishing tactics are continually evolving. A more promising anti-smishing method is to use machine learning. This paper introduces a number of machine learning algorithms that can be used for detecting smishing. Furthermore, the differences and simil

      In this paper, the interplay among four population species is offered. The system consists of two competitive prey, predator and super predators. The application of the hypothesis of the Sotomayor theorem for local bifurcation around every equilibrium point is adopted. It is detected that the transcritical bifurcation could occur near most of the system's equilibrium points, while saddle-node and pitchfork bifurcation can not be accrued at any of them. Further, the conditions that guarantee the accruing Hopf bifurcation are carried out. Finally, some numerical analysis is illustrated to confirm the analytical results.

             In this paper, we introduce a new digital authentication certification system to keep the classified documents' information safe. The proposed system is a steganography system divided into two subsystems, the first subsystem is responsible for embedding the information about the person, and it works in the main foundation that issues the documents, while the second subsystem is found in the beneficiary directorates to extract the true information of the person.

      Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory condition causing joint pain and stiffness, with often debilitating and life-limiting consequences. Recently, a new B-cell secreted cytokine, IL-39, was identified in mice. The most up-to-date research indicates that although IL-39 is expressed in murine models of lupus and has a role in mediating the inflammatory response in this context, there is no solid, replicated evidence of the existence of IL-39 in humans. This study aimed to clarify the existence and role of IL-39 in the human body and to elucidate whether it plays a role in rheumatoid arthritis. Accordingly, serum samples were collected from 66 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were under therapy and from 66 healthy c

     The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory syndrome with similar traits to common pneumonia. This major pandemic has affected nations both socially and economically, disturbing everyday life and urging the scientific community to develop solutions for the diagnosis and prevention of COVID-19. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) is the conventional approach used for detecting COVID-19. Nevertheless, the initial stage of the infection is less predictable in PCR tests, making early prediction challenging. A robust and alternative diagnostic method based on digital computerised technologies to support conventional methods would greatly help society. Therefore, this paper reviews recent research bas

     Predicting the maximum temperature is of great importance because it is related to various aspects of life, starting from people’s lives and their comfort, passing through the medical, industrial, agricultural and commercial fields, as well as concerning global warming and what can result from it. Thus, the historical observations of maximum and minimum air temperature, wind speed and relative humidity were analyzed in this work. In Baghdad, the climatic variables were recorded on clear sky days dawn at 0300 GMT for the period between (2005-2020). Using weather station's variables multiple linear regression equation, their correlation coefficients were calculated to predict the daily maximum air temperature for any day during