In this paper, the method of estimating the variation of  Zenith Path Delay (ZPD) estimation method will be illustrate and evaluate using Real Time Kinematic Differential Global Positioning System (RTK-DGPS). The GPS provides a relative method to remotely sense atmospheric water vapor in any weather condition. The GPS signal delay in the atmosphere can be expressed as ZPD. In order to evaluate the results, four points had been chosen in the university of Baghdad campus to be rover ones, with a fixed Base point. For each rover position a 155 day of coordinates measurements was collected to overcome the results. Many models and mathematic calculations were used to extract the ZPD using the Matlab environment. The result shows

Microbiological quality (total plate count, yeast and molds, coliform, and E. coli) of wheat cultivated in seven provinces of Iraqi were determined and compared to  Standard Quality of Iraq (IQS) and to the standardization of Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The samples were collected from fields, and some samples taken from near of a street (reachable by people) and far of a street as well as rural fields. The regulation has two limits, which are good and acceptable limits, and the samples within the acceptable limit should be two samples of five. The results showed that all analyzed samples were within the acceptable limit that approved by IQS and FDA. There was one field exceed IQS regulation and there were several fi

     The paper aims to propose the maximum track length (L_max) measurement as an alternative approach to evaluate and extract the bulk etch rate (V_b) of the nuclear detector PADC CR-39, and compare it with the results obtained by the removal layer thickness measurement of the etched detector. The alternative L_max-method mainly relies on the measuring the length of the etched tracks, their maximum values and saturation times from the obtained track profile images. The detectors were irradiated with different energies of alpha particles emitted from the ²⁴¹Am source and then etched in a 6.5 N NaOH solution at 70±1^oC for different successive time intervals. In

The study was aimed to investigate the association between IL-10 (-592A/C) gene polymorphism with the progression of type 2 diabeteis mellitus in Basrah Province. This study included (100) subjects (30) person as a control group and (70) patients with T2DM. The patients were distributed as two groups according to Their gender and duration of the disease: group for short duration (≤ 5 years)  and group for long duration( >5 years). Lipid profile and glucose concentrations were measured by COBAS analyzer while IL-10 (-592A/C) gene polymorphism was genotyped by using (RFLP-PCR) technique. CC genotype frequency showed a significant decrease while CA genotype  revealed significant increase ( p≤0.05) in T2DM c

     Theoretical investigation of proton halo-nucleus (⁸B and ¹⁷Ne) has revealed that the valence protons are to be in pure (1p_1/2)¹ orbit for ⁸B and (1d_3/2)² orbit for ¹⁷Ne.  The nuclear matter density distributions, the elastic electron scattering form factors and (proton, charge, neutron and matter) root-mean square (rms) are studied for our tested nuclei, through an effective two-body density operator for point nucleon system folded with two-body full correlation operator's functions. The full correlation (FC's ) takes account of the effect for the strong short range repulsion (SRC's) and the strong tensor force (TC's) in

     In this study, the number of times of heating of olive oil was studied. For the different refineries, the study was conducted using a temperature of 300K and for several times to determine the validity of the olive oil which is used for frying purposes after it was used for more than once times. It was found that there were significant changes in the behavior of the photophysical behavior like absorption and emission; there are changes in the nature and composition of the olive oil molecule, which makes it not useful for human use. The number of heating times was ten. The heating times also showed significant changes in the nature of the oil, such as color, taste, density, and smell.

Background Subtraction (BGS) is one of the main techniques used for moving object detection which further utilized in video analysis, especially in video surveillance systems. Practically, acquiring a robust background (reference) image is a real challenge due to the dynamic change in the scene. Hence, a key point to BGS is background modeling, in which a model is built and repeatedly used to reconstruct the background image.

From N frames the proposed method store N pixels at location(x,y) in a buffer, then it classify pixel intensity values at that buffer using a proposed online clustering model based on the idea of relative  run length, the cluster center with the highest frequency will be adopted as the background pixel

Nowadays, the development of internet communication and the significant increase of using computer lead in turn to increasing unauthorized access. The behavioral biometric namely mouse dynamics is one means of achieving biometric authentication to safeguard against unauthorized access. In this paper, user authentication models via mouse dynamics to distinguish users into genuine and imposter are proposed.  The performance of the proposed models is evaluated using a public dataset consists of 48 users as an evaluation data, where the Accuracy (ACC), False Reject Rate (FRR), and False Accept Rate (FAR) as an evaluation metrics. The results of the proposed models outperform related model considered in the literature.

     The study area lies in Wasit governorate south west Kut city, where Al Ahdeb oil field is located to the south of Al Ahrar district. The present study deals with assessment of heavy metals pollution in water by collecting eleven water samples (five samples from drainage and six samples from surface water) in 5^th of December 2016. The water samples analysis of heavy elements in the study area shown that water is polluted with high concentration of (Pb, Cd) elements, while the concentration of (Cu, Fe, Zn) in water samples are within the permissible limits of both World Health Organization, and Iraqi standards and there are no hazard effects from these elements. The study detected some diseases that inju

Cement is a major component in oil and gas drilling operations that is used to maintain the integrity of boreholes by preventing the movement of formation fluids through the annular space and outside the casing. In 2019, Iraq National Oil Company ordered all international oil and gas companies which are working in Iraq to use Iraqi cement (made in Iraq) in all Iraqi oil fields; however, the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and compressive strength results in this study show that this cement is not matching with American Petroleum Institute (API) standards.

During this study, barolift was used to improve the properties of Iraqi cement used in oil wells at high pressure and high temperature (HPHT). Barolift (1 g) was added to cement admixt

Skakura Arima Sebe "SAS" has been adopted as an effective interaction to
generate the model space 1f7/2 1d3/2 wave functions with Harmonic oscillator wave
functions (H.O) as a single particle wave function to study inelastic longitudinal C6
electron scattering form factors in Ti-50. The modern realistic M3Y effective
nucleon- nucleon interaction with two sets of fitting parameters (Ried fitting (M3YP1),
and Paris fitting (M3Y-P0)) is used. The adjustable interaction "MSDI" has
been used as a residual interactions in the calculation of core polarization effects
within the framework of first order perturbation theory with 2;< excitation energy
coupling the core orbits to the higher configurations

The protective effect of red cabbage extracts against hyperthyroid induced by Lthyroxine
in male rabbits was studied. Forty animals were divided randomly into
four groups. Group A: Healthy rabbits, Group B: Healthy rabbits received (100
mg/kg.b.w) red cabbage extract, Group C: hyperthyroid rabbits were given an oral
dose of (20μg/kg b.w) L-thyroxine once daily for four weeks to induce
hyperthyroidism and group D: hyperthyroid rabbits received red cabbage extract. At
the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis. The
obtained results revealed that hyperthyroid rabbits induced by L-thyroxine had
significant increase(P<0.01) in serum levels of triodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine
(T4)

This work was focused on the preoarated of tetradentate Schiff bases
which were prepared by condensation of terephtalaldehyde and diPhenyl
dialdehyde with 2-amino phenol. The Schiff base ligands were identified by
different spectral technique (GC-MS, 1H-NMR, IR).The influences of
shaking time on the extraction of Cu (II) using solvent extraction technique
was studied. Kinetic parameters [(n) reaction order

Enterotoxin produced by local isolate of Yersinia enterocolitica was purified
from the culture supernatant .The purification procedure involved precipitation by
ammonium sulfate (50% saturation ) and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate- poly
acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), ( 159.4) fold purification was achieved
with yield of (17.9)%. The molecular weight of purified enterotoxin was 11,000
Dalton.
The purified enterotoxin was heat stable at 100 оC for 15 min, and the activity was
lost after incubation with 3mM dithiotheritol as reducing agent. Enterotoxic activity
of Y. enterocolitica was neutralized by antiserum from mice immunized with the
purified enterotoxin .The inhibitory activity of Eruca sati

Structural and mechanical properties for lead-tin alloy have been studied by
employing the X-Ray diffraction methods and Vickers microhardness test. Three
samples were obtained, the first standard lead- tin sample, the second form recyleled
ingot of the alloy and the third prepared from the powder of recyeled ingot that was
vacuum capsuled and treated at 800 oC for 3 hours.The X-Ray diffraction spectra of
both recycled ingot and prepared alloy showed the appearance of a new stable phase
of tin oxide (SnO) with the tin (Sn) phase appear in preferred orientation dictated by
the technical route of preparation. Furthermore the grain size of lead and tin phases
were nearly identical though in the tin oxide phase, the g

This work is a contribution to the global interest of scientific community in the field of cleaning the environment from drug and antibiotic residues which lead to the development of new generations of bacteria with improved resistance to antibiotics. The sorption of oxytetracyclin, OTC, on an Iraqi certified clay mineral, the montmorillonite, is used as indicative for the success of the used treatments. Batch equilibration experiments were carried out to follow the sorption behavior of OTC on the clay. The concentration of OTC was determined by spectral absorption at 360 nm which presented excellent correlation with high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC, method over a wide range of concentration (R2 = 0.977). After equilibration

The present study Investigate the study on the causes of diarrhea epidemic in the province of Baghdad and some northern governorates since been collected 140 stool samples of water of different ages for the period from the beginning of the month of October 2007 to the end of August 2008, after culture ,microscopic biochemical testing diagnosed (113) bacterial isolates was among them ( 66) isolation rate of (% 47.14) only belonging to Vibrios cholera, Vibrio cholerae are divided by (58) in a rate (% 87.87) and returned to the pattern under serum Inaba, and (5) isolates, a rate (% 7.57) and returned to the pattern under serum Ogawa, all belonging to the pattern of bio-El-Tor and three isolates by (4.54%) belonging to non-cholera vibrios NA

Transition strengths 
2
w.u. M(E2) for gamma transition from first excited 21
+states
to the ground states that produced by pure electric quadrupole emission in even –
even nuclei of 58Ce and 60Nd have been calculated as a function of neutron number
(N). The life times for 21
+ excited states together with the intensities of γ0- transitions
measurements are used in calculations. The results thus obtained have shown that;
the nuclei with magic neutron number such as 58Ce140 and 60Nd142 have minimum
value for 
2
w.u. M(E2) . The reduced transition probabilities B(E2) are also
calculated and compared with the experimental data and other theoretical models.
PACS:- 27.60-j, 23.20-g, 23.20.Ck,

The study aimed to isolate and diagnose types of Fusarium oxysporum from the roots of cucumbers and melons plants infected , from the fields of Al- Ssaouira, Al-Numaniya and Al-Hai in Wasit Governorate , and the possibility to control it by using the bacteria Bacillus subtilis and potassium phosphate concentration (500) mg / liter of water. Were obtained on (19) pure isolates of fungus F.oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum and (11) pure isolates of F.oxysporum f.sp. melonis . The isolate F.oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum (FOS 9) showed a high virulence than the rest isolates , white the isolates F.oxysporum f.sp. melonis (FOM 2) showed a high virulence than the rest isolates . The bacteria B.subtilis showed high antibiosis activity against F. oxyspo

The crystals protein of local isolate Bacillus thuringiensis were purified by using
aqueous two phase system method in two steps ; the first 94% of crystals protein and
spores were separated from cell dibbers by using 14% g/ml ammonium sulphate and
4% g/ml of Polyethylene glycol 6000 at pH=7 with separation time of 30 min.
While in the second step, crystals protein were purified from spores by using a
system consisted of 8% g/ml Dextran 60000-90000 and 9% g/ml of Polyethylene
glycol 6000 at pH=7 with separation time of 2.5 h. the a final yield was 70.6% with
purity of 92%

Issacs [1] shows that if
*  :GF is a homomorphism (
* F is the multiplicative
group of the field F) and G is a group, then one can define (g)  ((g)) which is
an F-representation of G of degree 1 affords  as character. [2,3,4] inspires us to do
the following: given a homomorphism
* f :GG then we define a representation of
G by the homomorphism f from a given F-representation
* *  :G GL(n,F)
of
* G as
*    f . We study this kind of representations and their associated
characters.

Based on the conjugacy condition often which is satisfy by quasi-Newton method, the
new version of DY nonlinear conjugate gradient method is proposed, which is descent
methods even with inexact line searches. The search direction of the proposed method
has the form k k k k k d  g  d 1 1 1   . When exact line search is used, the proposed
method reduce to the standard DY method. Convergence properties of the proposed
method is discussed. Numerical results are reported.

Maize (Zea mays L.) seeds were subjected to accelerated aging treatment for, 3,
7, and 14 days at 45 ±1 C° and 100% relative humidity. These artificially aged seeds
were compared to control (Unaged seeds) for evaluation of vigor in seeds.
Accelerated aging of Maize seeds up to three days had significant effect on
germination percentage & solute leakage. However, further increase in aging period
caused an increased in solute leakage and a decrease in germination percentage.
Germinability was lost completely at 14 days of accelerated aging. In addition, the
reduction in germination percentage was correlated with decrease in seedling length,
germination speed index, seed vigor index, seedling fresh & dry we

The nucleon momentum distributions ( NMD) for the ground state and elastic
electron scattering form factors have been calculated in the framework of the coherent
fluctuation model and expressed in terms of the weight function (fluctuation function).
The weight function has been related to the nucleon density distributions of nuclei and
determined from theory and experiment. The nucleon density distributions( NDD ) is
derived from a simple method based on the use of the single particle wave functions of
the harmonic oscillator potential and the occupation numbers of the states. The feature of
long-tail behavior at high momentum region of the NMD has been obtained using both
the theoretical and exper

In this paper, the dynamics of a three species food web model consisting of
producers, primary consumers and omnivory is studied analytically as well as
numeri-cally. The existence of equilibrium points and local stability analysis
for this model is carried out together with a bifurcation analysis. The
occurrence of hopf bifurcation is also investigated. The persistence conditions
of the food web model are established by using average Lyapunov function.
The global stability analysis of the food web model is also presented with help
of Lyapunov method. Finally, in order to confirm our analytical results,
numerical simulation is carried out for suitable choices of parameters values. It
is observ

Hydrogeological investigation and water budget calculation of Koi Sanjaq basin is carried out. This investigation includes the determination of the aquifer types extending through the study area and flow direction as well as aquifer hydraulic properties values. Three main unconfined aquifer types were distinguished , they are (Pilaspi), , (Bihassan-Muqdadiya and Fatha –Injana) Formations , where the flow map of the unconfined aquifers shows that the flow direction is from northern and northeastern parts towards the south and southeastern parts i.e. .Lesser Zab River. Analysis of pumping test data of 9 selected wells from unconfined aquifers show that T values range from 1.51m2/day to 64.4 m2/day revealing the great variations in the aq

Volcaniclastic rocks of Al Muqdadiya Formation (Pliocene) in Injana area, southern Hemrin anticline, NE of Iraq, were studied ( petrographically, physically, mineralogically and geochemically , as well as the engineering properties) to assess the suitability of volcaniclastic rocks to use them in industry as refractories. The results show that the physical and engineering properties change with the temperature change. The bulk density and the specific gravity increase by increasing temperature while the apparent porosity, water sorption and the linear shrinkage decrease. On the other hand the compressive strength increase by increasing temperature. The volcaniclastics have very low thermal conductivity.
The petrography, mineralogy and

Nine Iraqi varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) has been differentiated and diagnosed using simple sequence repeat markers to detect their genetic polymorphism. Six SSR primers were used for genetic screening of barley samples (IPA 265, IPA 99, Tuwaitha, Hitra, Rayhan, Shuaa, Bawadi, Samir and Al_khair). These primers generated total PCR product (11) bands divided to 8 polymorphic bands 3 monomorphic bands. the percentage of polymorphism 80% ranged between (50-100%). a mean value of polymorphic band per primer was 1.6 . these primers produced amplification fragment at Molecular weight between 75-900 bp. One unique band was generated at size 200bp, this band can be used as a DNA profiling of all studied genotypes. These results appear

Resistance to aminoglycosids is a great problem to therapeutics. Aminoglycoside acetyltransferase producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been reported to be important cause of nosocomial infections. The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of aminoglycoside acetyltransferase. A total of 200 clinical and environmental samples were collected over period of five months. The P. aeruginosa isolates were confirm their identification, antibiotic susceptibility profile according to vitek2 compact system. The isolates were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays with specific primers for aac (6')-I, aac (6')-Ib, aac (3')-I . Only 32 (16.%) P. aeruginosa isolates were recovered from the samples. in present investigation