Assessing landslide susceptibility is paramount in planning, implementing management plans, and mitigating risks in areas vulnerable to this hazard. The present study, based on the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Frequency Ratio (FR) in conjunction with Geographic Information Systems (GIS), aims to evaluate landslide susceptibility in the Oued Lebene watershed. Eleven causal factors determining landslides were considered, including elevation, slope, aspect, curvature, relative relief, lithology, precipitation, and distance to drainage, distance to road, NDVI, land use, and vegetation cover. By applying AHP and FR methods, a correlation between previous landslides and triggering factors was established to assess their influence on

In this study, nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO-NPs) were synthesized using 
nickel nitrate hexahydrate and licorice leaves extract, which served as both a 
reducing agent and a capping agent. The optical, structural, and microscopic 
properties of the NiO-NPs were characterized using a range of techniques, including 
UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy
dispersive X-ray analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and atomic 
force microscopy. The bio-reducing potential of Licorice leaves was examined 
using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy for phytochemical analysis of plant 
extract. Furthermore, cell cytotoxicity investigation was conducte

     Stable isotopes of water have many environmental benefits and applications, including water management to determine the origin of water, the age of ground waters, and the main pollution sources. An analysis was conducted on stable isotopes δ¹⁸O and δ ²H in rain samples obtained from a single location in Baghdad between 2013 and 2023. A statistical study was employed to determine the factors that affect the spatial and temporal isotopic fluctuations in rainfall. This work aimed to examine the impact of temperature, humidity levels, and precipitation rates on the isotopic composition of precipitation in Baghdad. The results showed that the MWL of Baghdad city, with a d- excess value of 12.69 , was higher th

     According to the high operational costs, low stability, and reusability of enzymes, immobilization by nanoparticle gathering has increased in recent years. Iron oxide nanoparticles (magnetite nanoparticles, Fe₃O₄) have been prepared by mixing one volume of iron dioxide ions and two volumes of iron trioxide ions with HCl via the precipitation of iron salts by NH₄OH. The features of magnetic nanoparticles have been studied by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The prepared Fe₃O₄ was used in the adsorption method to immobilize the galactosidase enzyme. The immobilized enzyme has been compared wi

      Detecting protein complexes in protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks is a challenging problem in computational biology. To uncover a PPI network into a complex structure, different meta-heuristic algorithms have been proposed in the literature. Unfortunately, many of such methods, including evolutionary algorithms (EAs), are based solely on the topological information of the network rather than on biological information. Despite the effectiveness of EAs over heuristic methods, more inherent biological properties of proteins are rarely investigated and exploited in these approaches. In this paper, we proposed an EA with a new mutation operator for complex detection problems. The proposed mutation operator is formulated und

     This research aims to predict new COVID-19 cases in Bandung, Indonesia. The system implemented two types of deep learning methods to predict this. They were the recurrent neural networks (RNN) and long-short-term memory (LSTM) algorithms. The data used in this study were the numbers of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Bandung from March 2020 to December 2020. Pre-processing of the data was carried out, namely data splitting and scaling, to get optimal results. During model training, the hyperparameter tuning stage was carried out on the sequence length and the number of layers. The results showed that RNN gave a better performance. The test used the RMSE, MAE, and R2 evaluation methods, with the best numbers being  0.66975075, 0.470

The presented investigation, here, was carried out to understand the status of the blood parameters, before and after deworming of Toxocara infection in dogs. For performing the study, 15 pet dogs were recruited from some residential areas in Al-Diwaniyah Province, Iraq. These dogs were exposed to fecal-microscopic based detection of Toxocara eggs and hematological based evaluation of white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), and differential counts before and 10 days after treatment with tetramisole. The helminth eggs in the feces of dogs were detected by the flotation method. In case of egg detection, deworming was carried out with tetramisole. The results revealed that the egg number was significantly (p˂0.05) decreased

It is estimated that about 20% of all hospital-acquired infections can be attributed to environmental contamination. Acinetobacter baumannii has been identified as the primary pathogen, posing a significant hazard to human health. This work aims to evaluate the frequency, and pattern of antibiotic resistance, as well as the correlation between biofilm production and the distribution of biofilm-related genotypes in multidrug-resistant A. baumannii samples isolated from a tertiary hospital environment in Baghdad, Iraq. Conventional methods, biochemical analysis, the VITEK-2 compact system, and blaoxa-51 gene amplification were employed to identify suspected isolates. The biofilm-forming capability and antibiotic

Molecular epidemiology techniques played a crucial role during the COVID-19 pandemic, as the genotyping of emerging variants was essential for effective surveillance, predicting transmission rates, and understanding the evolutionary dynamics of the virus. In Iraq, the epidemiological status before and after the 4th wave of Omicron emerging variant is unknown as it was preceded by a mass gathering event of Arbaeen pilgrimage. In this study, TaqPath RT-PCR assay was exploited along with epidemiological approaches to monitor and track dominant mutation and to identify hot spot region in Iraq through analyzing 3,748 SARS-CoV-2 positive specimens collected from different Iraqi governorates from September 5th, 2021, to March 28th, 2022. Curren

Quantitative analysis of morphometric drainage systems is crucial for understanding hydrological and environmental interactions of watersheds. This study uses geospatial techniques to analyze the morphometric characteristics of watersheds, relying on ALOS World 3D DEM and topographic maps of Iraq. Key features identified include main basins, sub-basins, slopes, drainage networks, topographical patterns, flow sequences, and flow lengths. ArcGIS Pro V.3.0.2 was used to determine these characteristics. The analysis includes hydrological processes like runoff frequency, bifurcation ratio, circularity ratio, and surface runoff length. The study aims to understand how these parameters affect the regional morphological landscape and the role of

This research examined the presence of the rs10759931 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the TLR4 gene among COVID-19 patients. Additionally, it evaluated how this genetic variation influenced cognitive difficulties in individuals recovering from the disease. This Case–control study (60 patients, 30 recovered, and 50 controls) investigates the G/A genotype of rs10759931 in all studied groups, using a conventional polymerase chain reaction with an allele-specific primer method. Results showed a median of ages was significant raising in age accompanied by severe cases (p =0.003) and more than 50% of the moderate infections in the youth category. Regarding the recovered individual’s occurrence six cases along with ages med

Leech saliva contains numerous compounds, primarily consisting of proteins and peptides. This research focused on two leech species, Hirudo verbana and Hirudo orientalis, which were obtained from various alternative medicine clinics and scientific centers located in Baghdad, Iraq. Saliva samples were collected from the leehches after 5 and 6 weeks of food deprivation. Bradford proteins assay, UV absorption technique, Gel electrophoresis and RP-HPLC were used to analyze their saliva chemically. Anticoagulant activity of their saliva was also assessed using prothrombin time assay. Results showed that the concentration of saliva proteins were higher in the 5 weeks of starvation than the concentration of proteins in the 6 w

Throughout this paper we depend on the concept of μ- small submodule to generalized the Jacobson radical called μ-Radical that lead us to present a generalization of (GP*) property.

White skin has long been considered the standard of beauty; however, women who use skin-whitening creams may be unaware that these products contain toxic metals, posing significant health risks to consumers. Therefore, this research aimed to detect the concentration of some toxic metals in thirty whitening creams by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy and to evaluate the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks for all tested samples. The results showed that the average concentrations for all samples were in the order Cd < Co < Cr < Ni < Hg < Pb. All samples exhibited elevated concentrations of Hg, reaching levels up to ten times higher than the permissible limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and three times

In this work, we obtain some differential subordination and superordination results defined by Hadamard product for multivalent analytic functions with Borel distribution and Ruscheweyh derivative in the open unit disk. We applied these results and obtain sandwich results.

Breast cancer is a complex and multifaceted disease, comprising diverse subtypes that can be characterized by distinct histopathological, molecular, and clinical features. The dysregulation of β-catenin, a key transcription factor in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, plays a critical role in the early stages of tumorigenesis, ultimately influencing clinical outcomes. This study aimed to determine the correlation between sera and urine β-catenin levels in Iraqi patients with breast cancer comparing with control and first relative groups and to assess whether urine can be utilized as a substitute to sera to measure this status. The levels of β-catenin in fasting sera and urine were measured

The increasing number of untruths on social media has become a critical concern, affecting public sentiment and confidence. The broad spread of misleading information on the Internet and other social platforms presents a substantial barrier, exerting an impact on public sentiment, influencing political discussions, and eroding the reliability of information sources. Identifying false information on the X platform, previously known as Twitter, is an intricate task because of the network's attributes, such as conciseness, swift spread, and varied user engagements. Extracting crucial information from brief texts, such as tweets, is challenging, even with precise labeling. This study focuses on recognizing misinformation on social media plat

The late Turonian to early Campanian Kometan Formation is widespread in northern and central Iraq. The study section is located in Northern Iraq, northwest Kirkuk. This formation is composed primarily of limestone, dolomitic limestone, and black shale, with nodules of chert distributed throughout the formation. The lower contact of the formation with the Gulneri with the Mushorah Formations is unconformable. The current study used 80 thin sections that showed the presence of planktonic foraminifera and 55 samples. The black shale beds in the middle formation were determined through the Gamma log. And also five nannobiozones identified, they are Eiffellithus eximius Interval Zone (CC12) Marthasterites furcatu

In recent years, drinking water in bottles or sachets has become increasingly accepted in major towns and cities in Ekiti and Ondo states, southwestern Nigeria. Selected sachet and bottled water based on a wide range of consumer samples were collected from various manufacturers and distributors in both states. Activity concentrations of natural radioactivity, including ⁴⁰K, ²²⁶Ra and ²³²Th, were measured using a gamma ray spectrometer with a high-purity germanium detector (HPGe). The activity concentration of⁴⁰K, ²²⁶Ra and ²³²Th ranged from 0.46  0.02 to 4.74  0.44 Bq L^-1, 0.14  0.01 to 1.62  0.30 Bq L^-1, and 0.16  0.11 to 1.42  0.21 Bq L^-1

The first goal in this paper is using the definition of convex fuzzy normed space to present the definition of convex fuzzy compact space. After that an example is introduced to improve the existence of such space. The second aim is to introduce important concepts and prove properties of convex fuzzy compact space. Moreover, we proved if  is convex fuzzy compact then  is totally convex fuzzy bounded, as well as we prove if  is convex fuzzy compact then   is convex fuzzy complete.

Age-stage prediction models based on facial images are essential for various applications, including forensic investigations, medical imaging, social media advertising, and compliance with age-related regulations. These models provide valuable insights and predictions, helping inform decision-making and improve outcomes. The proposed model estimates the human age stage by analyzing a face image, extracting various facial features and wrinkles, and then connecting these extracted feature patterns to determine the age stage. To address potential limitations in facial images, such as variations in lighting, pose, expression, and image quality, which can impact prediction performance, the proposed model utilizes a neural network architecture

In today's data-driven business environment, organizations' dependence on cutting-edge technologies is constantly increasing in order to gain meaningful information from big data. Raw data's size and complexity make it unusable for decision-making. To address this, BI systems transform raw data into clear, insightful information by leveraging the Hadoop framework to process big data. This study is concentrated on the creation of a business intelligence (BI) system depending upon deep learning (DL) approaches, especially one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (1-D CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM). The proposed approach takes advantage of the DL algorithms for examining and picking up intricate patterns in sequential data, whi

Honey and hibiscus flower nanoparticles have numerous unique characteristics, such as biocompatibility; they are excellent agents for biological applications. The aim of this study is to investigate honey and hibiscus flower nanoparticles for 2, 2- diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and their ability to offer protection against ionizing radiation (gamma ray). In this research, natural nanoparticles prepared from honey and plants (hibiscus flower) were used for the purpose of studying their effectiveness as antioxidants in water by scavenging free radicals resulting from radiation. In vitro antioxidant activity study of honey and hibiscus flower nanoparticles has shown good free radical scavenging a

The current study uses mesoporous silica magnetic Fe₃O₄@mSiO₂ nanoparticles as core-shell materials to deliver the drug diphenhydramine (DPH). To investigate the DPH drug's adsorption behavior in aqueous solutions, the batch approach has been employed. The adsorption evaluations that were obtained were fitted with the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms models. According to the results, the Freundlich model was the best fit for the data, and the type of adsorption process used was physical. After kinetic analysis, it was discovered that the data agreed quite well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. The Fe₃O₄@mSiO₂ carrier's DPH drug

Today, the recognition of brain tumors is considered an essential topic in medicine. Brain neoplasm is an acute form of cancer caused by abnormal and uncontrollable cell division. Recent advancements in medical imaging-based deep learning have greatly assisted the healthcare industry in diagnosing a variety of diseases. To achieve image recognition and visual learning, a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) has been selected for implementing brain neoplasm recognition. CNN is a widely used and typical machine learning algorithm. This paper introduces a CNN-based approach along with data augmentation for categorizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scan images into natural and unnatural categories. The proposed model achieves cl

A Schiff base ligand was synthesized through the reflux reaction between 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde and o-aminobenzenethiol in a 1:1 molar ratio, resulting in the formation of a novel compound. New copper (II) and silver (I) complexes from this ligand were synthesized also by the reflux reaction between the synthesized ligand and Cu(II) and Ag(I) salts in 1:1 molar ratio (metal: ligand). The coloured synthesised complexes were characterized by ¹HNMR, ¹³CNMR, mass spectra, FTIR, UV-Visible and molar conductivity techniques. In this work the synthesized ligand acts as a tridentate ligand coordinate with the metal ions through its imine, hydroxyl and the thione groups. The structure of both complexes is estimated fr

This study analyzes thunderstorm activity based on archived data from daily meteorological observations over 10 years at three meteorological stations in Iraq (Khanaqin, Baghdad Airport, and Basra Airport) and at two meteorological stations in Russia (Rostov-on-Don and Taganrog). The analysis showed that the greatest frequency of thunderstorms occurred in March and April, 55% of them were in the northern mountainous part of Iraq. Analysis of the fronts for six months per year and for a 10-year period showed 75 baroclinic and 77 barotropic cases for Khanaqin station, 45 baroclinic and 36 barotropic cases for Baghdad Airport station, and 33 baroclinic and 22 barotropic cases for Basra Airport station. But in Russia (Rostov-on-Don and Tagan

In the present study, new metal complexes were synthesized using the reactive chemicals 2-amino anthraquinone and 3-acetyl furan to produce novel Schiff base ligands in molar ratios of 1:1 and 1:2 (metal to ligand) with the resultant complexes having the formulas [MLCl] and [ML₂Cl₂]. Several physicochemical techniques (Elemental analysis, molar conductivity, IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy and magnetic measurements) were used to characterize the complexes. Measurements of conductivity showed that none of the compounds were electrolytes. According to magnetic moment and electronic spectra, certain complexes have a tetrahedral geometry, while others have an octahedral geometry. In both circumstances, the ligand functions as a

Eye iris classification and recognition are important in pattern recognition applications. Traditional image segmentation techniques and classification using machine learning techniques still have not achieved the best results. Different image-capturing methods, low-resolution photos, images with a high noise ratio, and other factors contribute to the extraction of low-quality features. This study proposed the Alex net model with absolute rectified linear unit (absRelu) and rectified linear unit (Relu) activation functions. First, the images are read and resized, then passed to convolutional neural networks (CNN) and absRelu or Relu layers to extract the best features. The next step is size reduction using Maxpooling techniques. The outp

The objective of this paper is to examine the outcomes of third-order differential subordination and superordination for analytic functions within the region , specifically focusing on the utilization of the novel Hadamard operator . The results are derived by analyzing relevant categories of allowable functions. New findings have been found about differential subordination and superordination, along with the discovery of several sandwich theorems. Furthermore, other specific instances are also seen. The qualities and outcomes of differential subordination exhibit symmetry with the properties of differential superordination, leading to the formulation of the sandwich theorems.