In this research, the radon gas concentration was measured for samples from the water of the Euphrates River in the Hindia district of Karbala governorate. The selected collection locations were 30 different local ones on the river between the ancient and modern bridges, heading north and south, respectively; the distance between locations was 100 meters. The concentrations and effective dose of radon were measured using the RAD7 device technology. The highest value was for sample 21, where the effective dose was (0.00001752 Bq/m³). The same value for the effective dose was of sample 7. The lowest value was in sample 27, where the effective dose was (0 Bq/m³), the same value of sample 3. It was observed from the stu

Quantum computing is described as a process by which a system calculates output. Quantum physics usually refers to the smallest discrete unit of any property; the basic unit of data in quantum is the qubit; this qubit unit is equivalent to the bit unit in classical neural networks. Quantum deep learning combines quantum computing with deep learning to reduce training time for neural networks, which has proven effective in solving some intractable problems on classical computers. Quantum deep learning has proven effective in solving some intractable problems on classical computers. A quantum network can benefit from quantum information
flow because it is a more efficient framework than classical systems. Each quantum deep learning co

The current study aimed to detect Giardia lamblia subtypes that infect children under 13 years and determine the association of subtype infection with some risk factors as age, gender, and residence.

Triosephosphate isomerase gene from the positive microscopic samples was isolated. To confirm infection and the sensitivity of this gene, DNA in one negative and some positive samples were confirmed when amplified  using β-giardin gene primers.

 From the 66 samples positive by microscopy, 65 tested positive by molecular assay of the triosephosphate isomerase gene with 98.4% sensitivity. While 37/65 (56.9%) represented subtype B, 23/65 (35.4%) represented subtype A, 5 (7.6%) represented A+B, while there was no E subt

The main objective of this topic is to define new types of filters in algebra, such as filter and complete filter. Some theorems that establish the link between these filters were also presented and validated. Any filter in algebra is shown it is a complete filter. Furthermore, regular algebra is demonstrated as a new class of algebra. Additionally, this study introduces two new concepts such as complete ideal and normal. Also, any normal in regular algebra is demonstrated that it is a subalgebra. In addition, the connections between the complete ideal and the subalgebra is investigated. However, some instances are provided to clarify and bolster our results and findings.

In this study biofilm matrix proteins (BMP) were isolated from bacterial biofilm and incorporated in a delivery system (liposome) to stimulate an immune response against virulent pathogens. The specimens were cultured and identified depending on morphological and biochemical tests . Around 67.74% of isolates were found to be biofilm formers. The immunomodulatory activity revealed that BMP-liposome vaccine and BMP vaccine significantly increased chemokine CXCL5 levels in sera of rats in first and second doses. The concentration of total WBCs count, neutrophils, and lymphocytes also increased. In rats groups that had received BMP-liposome vaccine, the challenge test revealed high immunogenicity and effective protection. It can, therefore,

Radioactive waste management is a fundamental issue when using nuclear energy. Therefore, it is necessary to study the health and biological effects on human and environment that these radionuclides cause.  The aim of the present study is to estimate the radiotoxicity for radioactive waste in stocked soil in Al-Twaitha city.  The radiotoxicity was calculated for each radionuclide, present in the waste, using their dose factor due to ingestion, which is given by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) compendium.

For the purpose of calculating radiation toxicity, a scenario was built that 20% of the radioactivity during radioactive waste handling processes is in the form of dust that can be inhaled or enter

Despite the development of vaccines and a decrease in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections cases, there is a constant concern about the occurrence of new waves during the coming winter, according to the World Health Organization. This study aimed to investigate the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 in patients with severe acute respiratory infections and influenza-like illnesses during Omicron variant infections in Iraq between January 2022 and August 2022. The real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR), as the standard diagnostic protocol, was performed to analyze the nasopharyngeal swabs of 1879 people with acute respiratory and influenza-like illnesses. Of a total of 1879 participan

Image fusion is the process of combining multiple images to obtain one image with complementary information. Hence the importance of multimodal medical image fusion, which aims to obtain all the important information in one image to improve diagnosis in the medical field. The wavelet transform is a mathematical tool for multi-resolution analyses where the images are decomposed into a series of subbands. Wavelet transforms have a good representation of the original images. The averaging fusion rule and shift variance in the discrete wavelet transform, on the other hand, make the image that comes out of fusion under the wavelet transform blurry or of low quality. In this paper, two novel methods have been presented to improve the quality o

It has been revealed previously that chronic liver disease (CLD) may be associated to hormonal fluctuations. The current study, therefore, aimed to evaluate some hormones in CLD patients compared with non-CLD individuals. This case control study was conducted at Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital, Medical city, Baghdad, Iraq during December 2021 to May 2022. One hundred and twenty male patients with CLD (age:14-75 years) and 120 control males (age: 24-70 years) were involved in this study. Serum samples were taken from all individuals and were then analysed for many tests which included hormones (Cortisol, testosterone, prolactin, insulin  and thyroid stimulating hormone TSH); biochemical analysis (Prothrombin time PT, i

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting millions of people globally, is defined by symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention that can significantly affect an individual's daily life. The diagnostic process for ADHD is complex, requiring a combination of clinical assessments and subjective evaluations. However, recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have shown promise in predicting ADHD and providing an early diagnosis. In this study, we will explore the application of two AI techniques, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), in predicting ADHD using the Python programming language. The classification accuracies obtained were 96.5% and

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious threat to global medicine as more than two million get CKD yearly. However, the understanding of DNA damage, DNA methylation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains elusive. The study goal was to establish whether homocysteine (Hcy), oxidative DNA damage (ODD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX3) and 5-methylcytosine (5mC) could be used as a potential marker of CKD. Measurements of Hcy, ODD, and GPX3 levels were done by commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits of 60 patients with chronic kidney disease (age range 20-87 years) and 30 age-matched healthy controls. DNA extracted from blood of patients was used to evaluate the global 5-methylcytosine (5mC) levels by the MethylFlash

 In this paper, we have presented a new formula by applying the conjugacy condition for the second-order Taylor expansion. In comparison with classic conjugate gradient methods, the new formula uses both available gradient and function value information. The formula's global convergence findings are described. Numerical results demonstrate that this strategy is effective and its application.

This work includes the synthesis of new pyrazoline derivatives 5-13 over three steps starting from 1,3-indandione. The first step included the acylation of 1,3- indandione with acetyl chloride to produce compound 1 with excellent yield (90%). In the second step, the enolate form of 1 was condensed with various aromatic aldehydes (benzaldehyde, p-nitrobenzaldehyde, and p chlorobenzaldehyde) to afford the corresponding α,β-unsaturated carbonyl derivatives 2-4 in high yields (93-95%). The third step involved a reaction of 2-4 with hydrazine hydrate, phenyl hydrazine, and p-nitrophenyl hydrazine to give the desired pyrazoline derivatives 5-13 in yields ranging from 70 to 83%. The structure of the synthesized compounds was verified through

Many previous studies have demonstrated the therapeutic importance of chondroitinase ABC encoded by the chABCI gene. This study, however, accomplished to determine some amino acids effects on the chABCI gene in Proteus mirabilis to regulate chondroitinase production. A total of 57 (96.61%) isolates of Proteus mirabilis and two (3.39%) isolates of Proteus vulgaris were obtained from clinical specimens. The impact of amino acids on bacterial growth was assessed by gauging the turbidity of the nutrient broth using a spectrophotometer. Two isolates of P. mirabilis were treated with amino acids and their effect on the gene expression of the chABCI gene was studied using a real-tim

Recently, attention has turned to drugs like salicylamide for treating COVID-19. Several studies have reported simple, fast, and sensitive methods for measuring salicylamide levels. However, potential limitations remain regarding interference from other drugs and accuracy of results. To tackle this issue, researchers combined the standard addition technique with flow injection analysis. As part of this investigation, the reaction involving Fe (III), salicylamide, and 1,10-phenanthroline at a temperature of 55°C was examined using a spectrophotometer set at a wavelength of 528 nm. Thus, the new design was able to show an excellent linearity over the concentration range of (2-30 μg/mL) and (25-300 μg/mL), with correlation coefficients (

The lowest layer of the atmosphere is called the atmospheric mixed layer, characterized by small-scale, irregular air motions defined by winds that change in speed and direction. Aerosol radiative effects impact the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), which holds most aerosols in the lower atmosphere. Aerosol absorption and scattering both lower the quantity of solar energy that reaches the ground, which has an impact on the spectral signature of the land coverings. In this study, 51 locations in downtown Baghdad were chosen for four different types of land cover (water bodies, farms, open areas, and residential areas) for Sentinel 2 satellite imagery, and the time the pictures were taken was 8:00 am ( 22 March, 22 June, 20 September, and

Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to several conditions, including type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study is to determine if there is an effect of type 2 diabetes on the association between vitamin D level, glycemic indices, and lipid profiles. The study was conducted at Al-Noamman Hospital, included 257 patients with type 2 diabetes and 40 healthy participants of both sexes with matching ages ranging from 26 to 80 years. The lipid profile, postprandial glucose (PPG), HbA1C, and serum vitamin D were measured. The results showed that 89 (34.6%) of diabetics have vitamin D insufficiency (less than 30 ng/mL). 155 diabetic patients (uncontrolled glycemic) with elevated HbA1C (9.07% ± 2.5), and from those, about 33.5% have vi

This paper focuses on the study of pure Rickart modules (or PR-modules for short), which are a class of modules over a commutative ring with identity. The main objective is to investigate the properties and characterizations of these modules, as well as their relationship with other classes of modules such as free, projective, and flat modules. This paper also explores the connections between PR-modules and various algebraic structures such as rings. The results obtained in this study provide a deeper understanding of the structure and behavior of PR-modules, which can have important applications in algebraic geometry, representation theory, and other areas of mathematics. Some results about PR-module have been investigated in this paper

Due to its association with hepatocellular carcinoma and being one of the ten most common malignancies worldwide, hepatitis C viral infection has become a severe public health concern. Therefore, establishing an accurate, reliable and sensitive diagnostic test for this infection is strongly advised. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been created to achieve this purpose. The current study was established to investigate the hepatitis C virus among Iraqi patients with chronic renal failure and to detect the virus immunologically by the fourth generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique and molecularly by real-time PCR. As a result, out of 50 patients with chronic renal failure undergoing dialysis, 39

In this paper, the integrability and a zero-Hopf bifurcation of the four-dimensional Lotka-Volterra systems are studied. The requirements for this kind of system's integrability and a line of singularities with two zero eigenvalues are provided. We identify the parameters that lead to a zero-Hopf equilibrium point at each point along the line of singularities. We show that there is only one parameter that displays such equilibria. The first-order averaging method is also employed, although this method will not give any information about the bifurcate periodic solutions that bifurcate from the zero-Hopf equilibria.

Academic chemical laboratories (ACL) are considered public places  the employees come in contact with a variety of pollutants. The aim of the current study was to detect heavy metals levels in the indoor air of ACL in two universities in Baghdad city and assess their levels in the academic employees’ scalp hair as biomarkers. Air samples inside ACL were collected to detect Fe, Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu. Scalp hair samples were collected from 40 adult chemical laboratory employees aged 30-60 years, who worked 5 days/week for 6 hours a day. Personal information relating to employees such as age, duration of exposure, smoking habit and sex, was collected as a questionnaire. The results of this study concluded that academic laboratory employees w

Let M be a semiprime 2-torsion free inverse semiring, and let α be an endomorphism of M. Under some conditions, we prove a Jordan α-centralizer of M is a α-centralizer of M, also we prove  if R: M→ M be an additive mapping such that R(r³) + α(r)R(r)α(r)' = 0 holds for all r ∈ M, where R is a centralizer, and α is a surjective endomorphism of M.

 Klebsiella pneumoniae has become one of the most common etiologic agents in the context of recurrent UTI. Capsule is the earliest recognized factor determining bacterial pathogenicity. This study aimed to test the effects of staphyloxanthin, meropenem and a combination of them on capsule genes of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Eighty-eight gram negative bacterial isolates were collected from 150 urine specimens between September and November of 2022.after cultivation on MacConkey agar medium. Oxidase (negative) and catalase (positive) tests were performed. In addition, all isolates were found to be non-motile when their motility was further examined. The results presented that 77 (51.3%) could ferment lactose (lactose ferment

Breast cancer (BC) is a diverse disease with heterogeneous subgroups in pathophysiology and behavior. Recent advances in biomarker-based therapy may help improve treatment options for BC. Thus, this study aimed to assess the role of interleukin (IL)-31 and IL-33 as biomarkers associated with BC risk. Serum concentrations of IL-31 and IL-33 were quantified in women with BC (n = 77), women with benign breast lesion (BBL; n = 51), and healthy women (n = 75), using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Compared with BBL or healthy women, IL-33 concentrations were significantly greater in BC patients and were associated with a 1.33-fold increased risk of disease and had excellent prognostic value in BC (area under the curve = 0.89). In addi

The study targets to assess the potential of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) in detecting ground distortion caused by earthquakes. The inSAR technique integrates Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and interferometry to reveal the slightest changes on the earth's surface through a specified period, impregnable to climate or time of day. The research analyses some scholarly articles to demonstrate the interest of InSAR in examining earthquakes and their outcome. These articles demonstrate the practical application of InSAR in enhancing fault slip analysis, ground deformation assessment, and early post-seismic changes in earthquakes. InSAR is beneficial with measurements from other tools, such as GPS and time series analysis, b

This study focuses on the automatic detection of human actions in video streams. The requirement to detect what human activities happen in videos is recognition of human action due to significant differences in people's visual and motion appearance and actions, camera perspective shifts, moving background, occlusions, noise, and a massive amount of video data. The human activity recognition challenge involves identifying physical activities carried out by individuals or groups based on traces of movements, including gestures, actions, interactions, and group activities. The detection of concepts usually requires additional annotations for the training dataset.  In this paper, useful methods for categorizing human action recognition are

In order to produce cold plasma at atmospheric pressure, a multi-channel RF, of (1, 2, 3, and 4 MHz) frequencies, plasma jet system is developed using argon as the working gas. This system consists of two parts, a multi-channel power supply (of a power of 100 W) and a plasma jet. A strong electric field is created that ionizes and excites argon ions. The I-V characteristics of the system and the electron temperature and density for different powers (20, 50, 70, and 80 W), gas flow rates (10, 20, 30, and 40 sccm) (standard centimeter cubic per minute) at different frequencies (1, 2, 3, and 4 MHz) are studied, using the optical emission spectroscopy method. This system can be used in medical applications and material treatment with high ef

For intelligent systems, argumentation is a very important factor to point out in Artificial Intelligence (AI) as it represents an essential component. It is one of the critical approaches to making a decision, whereas Dung introduces a mathematical model that classifies attacks among arguments based on ordered pairs. Furthermore, weights’ addition to the arguments is one of the most important developments. It is done by several methods of weight calculation; hence, the Fuzzy weights method is a suitable method when working with game theory (GT). To this end, this paper introduced the GT in a Nash equilibrium method to redraw the acceptable arguments. It depends on the fuzzy weight for reducing the acceptable arguments and acceptable a

Steganography is the art of hiding messages in an unsuspected cover. The aim of this paper is to hide larger number of multi messages inside one cover image depending, using the low-low-block-features LLBF of wavelet transformation. The method of embedding messages based on Least-Significant-Bit (LSB) of cover image. The imperceptibility of the messages and cover images is assessed by using the Mean- Square-Error (MSE), the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and the image histogram.

The need for efficient technique for data encryption is clear. Our attention will be devoted to design hybrid technique which, consists of simple and efficient methods such as RLE, vector substitution, and matrix operations. The adopted technique consists of three stages. Each stage contains a specific tool that is suitable for varied type of data such as text, image, and video .In first stage, different methods could be applied depending on the source data format: applying Run Length Encoding (RLE) and Addition Neighboring Element (ANE) to the image, audio and video, while pattern matching is applied to text file format . Stage two involves matrix manipulation and rotation. Element substitution is implemented to the matrix in third stag