The investigate of the dynamic behavior of viral hepatitis to stop the illness from spreading have been studied in this paper. A novel stochastic mathematical model was created in order to conduct the study. We prove this proposed model has a positive unique solution. By looking up the basic reproduction number, we also demonstrated the requirements that must be fulfilled for the injured person to heal. If   it means that the liver will get rid of the virus and heal the infected person. While if  , the infection grows and the disease can invade all liver cells. Computer simulations have also been used to illustrate these findings.

Hypertension is the primary cause of cardiovascular disease and early mortality globally, it is a complex feature Determined by many factors endogenous mechanisms, genetic factors, physiological systems and environmental exposures variances. In recent years, there has been growing scientific interest and research focused on the immunological aspects of antihypertensive medications. Among these, Candesartan has emerged as a prominent subject of study. It has been demonstrated to reduce the inflammatory reactions associated with hypertension. The present study was conducted at Imam Hussein Teaching Hospital in the holy city of Karbala from December 20, 2022 to May 22, 2023. There were three distinct groups in the study which are (G1) healt

 The aim of this research is to create thin films of GO:TiO₂ by the spray pyrolysis method. Hummer’s method was utilized to prepare graphene oxide (GO). Different GO concentrations of (1, 2, 3, and 4) % were used, while a TiO₂ concentration was maintained at 4% to form films having various volume ratios of (1:4, 2:4, 3:4, and 4:4), which were then coated on FTO substrate at 400°C and later dipped into the pigment solution of anthocyanin (AD) obtained from red cabbage plant. Thin films’ composition, structure, morphology and optical properties were studied through energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, field emission scanning electron m

Toll-like receptors trigger both innate and adaptive immune responses against viral infections by inducing the release of inflammatory cytokines and antiviral mediators. This study aims to examine the role of TLR8 and genetic variants thereof in the progression and recovery of COVID-19 disease. It was conducted on 90 patients, (including 45 severe-critical cases, 45 mild-moderate cases),50 recovered cases, and 89 healthy people using quantitative real-time and allele-specific PCR for gene expression and gene polymorphisms determination, respectively. TLR8 gene expression did not show a significant difference among the study groups, while its median level showed statistically significant differences with respect to disease severi

The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of hepcidin levels on the diagnosis and management of T2DM patients and to investigate the association between their levels and insulin resistance. The study included 100 T2DM patients, which are divided into three groups according to disease duration: D1 (n=38; < 5 years), D2 (n=37; 5-10 years), D3 (n=25; >10 years), and 50 healthy persons as control (C). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was determined by glucose oxidase-peroxidase and glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) by immunoturbidimetric assays. Serum insulin and hepcidin were evaluated using ELISA. Also, HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were calculated from FBG and insulin. The FBG, HbA1c, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels increased significantly, while

Contemporary developments have indicated an escalating demand for plant-derived pharmaceutical products. Apart from their economic value, the utilization of medicinal plants is believed to pose a considerably reduced risk of adverse effects when compared to the use of synthetic drugs. One of the approaches to determine the potential of a medicinal plant against biological diseases is the quest for novel medications using natural constituents. In this present investigation, we sought to determine the immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective properties of Hydnophytum formicarum in BALB/c mice. The study used 6-week-old healthy BALB/c mice. The treatment consisted of giving different doses of H. formicarum tuber extract. To o

The rapid expansion of the population is a significant factor in the quick transformation rate of land use and land cover (LULC) in various locations worldwide. This approach led to a substantial exhaustion of natural resources. Consequently, continuous monitoring of LULC alterations has become crucial for efficiently administering natural resources and assessing the consequences of climate change. Land cover change (LULC) is widely recognized as a significant driver of environmental change that can affect human activities. Evaluating LULC change is the most accurate approach to understanding past land use patterns, identifying changes that need assessment, and establishing their substantial influence on urban environmental planning and

This study proposed an integrated security system for electronic transactions, first specifying the type of e-banking request using the two-phase commit procedure (2PC). The idea of micro-segmentation was then used to isolate individual e-transaction processes in different segments; after this, every segment was controlled by a smart contract. The Yellow Saddle Goatfish Algorithm (YSGA) was employed to detect whether the smart contract conditions were met optimally. Finally, if the customer receives approval, a distinct hash records the entire transaction procedure in the blockchain's main ledger. In a simulation environment, the proposed system was tested, and the results were: 0.0031 ns as a time to detect the smart contract's terms, a

Monitoring vegetation change is essential to monitoring natural and human factors affecting vegetation area and land use. The research aims to detect the change in vegetation cover during 2008, 2010, 2013, 2015, 2018, 2019, and 2023 in the eastern and western parts of the Tigris River in Baghdad, Iraq. Landsat 5 (Thematic Mapper) and 8 (Operational Land) satellite images were used. They were classified using the NDVI index (Normalized  Difference Vegetation Index) to detect changes in vegetation and the NBI index (New Urbanism Index) to detect urban expansion using ArcMap 10.8. The results showed that the largest vegetation cover area was 77.69 km² in 2013, followed by 2023, which was 68.58 km2; then, in 2018, it was 68.36 km

Background: Empirical knowledge on the cautious application, safety and efficacy of medicinal plants is limited especially in developing countries around the world.

Objective: This study is aimed at investigating the cytotoxic, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Gardenia angustifolia root bark with a comparative objective on ethyl acetate and methanol extracts.

Methods: Compound elucidation was done using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Cytotoxic evaluation was conducted using Artemia salina and Human Embryonic Kidney-293 (HEK-293) cell line. Antioxidant assay was conducted using 2

Chronic liver disease (CLD) can potentially cause disruptions in the normal functioning of various endocrine organs responsible for producing hormones. As a result, individuals suffering from CLD may experience fluctuations or imbalances in the levels of certain hormones within their bodies. As well as they frequently have suppressed immune systems making them more vulnerable to parasite infections. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the association between Toxoplasma gondii infections and liver function by analyzing the interplay between these parasites and hormones. This study was conducted in Baghdad, Iraq from December 2021 to May 2022. One hundred and twenty male patients with Chronic liver disease (CLD) (age:14-

In this article, a new modification of the Adomian decomposition method is presented for finding analytical and approximate solutions of nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations. And Comparison of obtained result with some previous methods.

The study evaluates the potential of powdered olive kernels as a natural adsorbent for extracting basic violet 10 dye from contaminated water using adsorption methods. The adsorbent material was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The impact of various operating variables namely, dosage of olive kernels powder, adsorption period, starting BV10 dye concentration, temperature and pH were investigated. The experimental data obtained from the equilibrium adsorption studies fitted better with the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model compared to the Langmuir isotherm model. Kinetics analysis for adsorption process revealed that the pseudo-second-order model (PSOM) was more appro

This research aimed to produce Zinc Oxide nanoparticles using bacterial isolates and examine their potent antibacterial properties and toxic effects on breast cancer cell. A clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was selected from 170 clinical bacterial isolates for the biosynthesis of nanoparticles. ZnO NPs were biosynthesized from the bacterial filtrate. The physiochemical properties of the synthesized ZnO NPs were then characterized using various techniques including UV–vis spectroscopy, Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The antibacterial tests were conducted using the agar well diffusion techniq

Pollutants resulting from oil refining operations cause harmful effects on public health, especially for workers exposed for long periods. Measuring the level of specific contaminants in the blood of refinery workers is necessary to understand the relationship between exposure to pollutants and health status. This study aims to determine the levels and nature of heavy metals in the blood of occupational exposure workers in the Al-Dora refinery, Baghdad. A total of 20 blood samples (15 exposed workers and 5 non-exposed individuals (control)) were investigated to assess the level of heavy metals. An atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) was used to measure the levels of Cr, Cd, Pb, and V in the blood samples. The mean concentrations of hea

The present study considers to confirming the applicability of flow with double-sided square lid driven cavity flow by using the lattice Boltzmann equation with moment-based boundary conditions for no slip boundaries.  The boundary conditions are applied over the hydrodynamic moments of the lattice Boltzmann equations locally at each node. The investigation is carried out numerically for both single and multiple relaxation time models. To simulate two-sided lid driven-cavity flow, the top and bottom walls are moving with constant velocity while other walls are stationary. Various Reynolds numbers are used in a range of 100 and up to 5000. The present method shows the effect of the moving boundaries on the two symmetrical cavities that i

     Six ERI profiles using Wenner Schlumberger array were carried out at Baghdad University (ALJadiriya campus) to investigate soil at two sites. The spacing between electrodes of four profiles surrounding the new building in the Campus at the first site is 1 m, and the profile length ranges from 50 to 90 m. In comparison, two across profiles in the garden to detect water seepage in the site. The inverted model of the studied profiles shows many high and low resistivity zone. The sedimentology and mineralogy of the soil samples analysis from a depth range of 15 to 100 cm from three pits confirm the high homogeneity of the soil in the studied site composed of (silt and clay). The low resistivity values coincided with the moisture a

      Cloud computing is an interesting technology that allows customers to have convenient, on-demand network connectivity based on their needs with minimal maintenance and contact between cloud providers. The issue of security has arisen as a serious concern, particularly in the case of cloud computing, where data is stored and accessible via the Internet from a third-party storage system. It is critical to ensure that data is only accessible to the appropriate individuals and that it is not stored in third-party locations. Because third-party services frequently make backup copies of uploaded data for security reasons, removing the data the owner submits does not guarantee the removal of the data from the cloud. Cloud data storag

The study of petroleum systems by using the PetroMoD 1D software is one of the most prominent ways to reduce risks in the exploration of oil and gas by ensuring the existence of hydrocarbons before drilling.

     The petroleum system model was designed for Dima-1 well by inserting several parameters into the software, which included the stratigraphic succession of the formations penetrating the well, the depths of the upper parts of these formations, and the thickness of each formation. In addition, other related parameters were investigated, such as lithology, geological age, periods of sedimentation, periods of erosion or non-deposition, nature of units (source or reservoir rocks), total organic carbon (TOC)

The thermal stability of previously prepared tetraphenanthroporphyrazine (TPPH2) and its complexes with VO(IV) , Co(II) , Cu(II) , Zn(II) , Mg(II) , Ca (II) ions were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TG & DTG) at temperature range (20-1000oC). The results indicated that these compounds have a high thermal stability comparable to those of phthalocyanine compounds (PC) and higher than those of hemiporphyrazine compounds (HP) . In general metal complexes were more stable than parent ligand . Data of magnetic susceptibility and electrical conductivity were also obtained as further support for the studied compoundes .

     This research deals with the study of the types and distribution of petrographic microfacies and Paleoenvironments of Mishrif Formation in Halfaya oil field, to define specific sedimentary environments. These environments were identified by microscopic examination of 35 thin sections of cutting samples for well HF-9H as well as 150 thin sections of core and cutting samples for well HF-I. Depending on log interpretation of wells HF-1, HF-316, HF-109, IIF-115, and IIF-272, the sedimentary facies were traced vertically through the use of various logs by Petrel 2013 software in addition to previous studies. Microfacies analysis showed the occurrence of six main Paleoenvironments within Mishrif succession, represented

The micellization for an aqueous binary mixed system of Nonyl Phenol Ethoxylate ( NPE ) and Dehyquarte E-CA (DE-CA) were studied by means of surface tension measurement. The surface tension was measured for the solutions of the single and five mixed systems at 25ᵒC in order to determine critical micellization concentrations (CMC), surface excesses (Γ), and the surface area occupied by a molecule (Am) as a function of mole fraction of (NPE). The CMC,s values obtained decrease with increasing mole fraction of NPE in the mixture, and the synergism was observed at 0.9 mole fraction. Based on the regular solution theory, the compositions of the micellar phase (X1m) and the interaction parameter in micelles (βm) were calculated, and the re

The current research included obtaining the best performance specifications for a silicon device with a mono-crystalline type pn junction (pn–Si). A simulation of the device was performed by the use of a computer program in one dimension SCAPS-1D in order to reach the optimum thickness for both p and n layers and to obtain the best efficiency in performance of the pn-Si junction. The optimum device efficiency was eta (η) = 12.4236 % when the ideal thickness for the p and n layers was 5µm and 1.175µm, respectively (p=5 µm and n=1.75µm).

     The research included studying the effects of different spectra of solar illumination using simulation of the device; the usual solar spectrum AM1_5 G1 sun. Spectrum

Cryptography steganography is a practical tool for data security. Hybridization of the cryptography with steganography can provide more security by taking advantage of each technique. This work proposes a method for improving the crypto-stego method by utilizing the proposed dictionary method to modified ciphertext. After that, the modified encrypt ciphertext id was hidden in the text by using the proposed method. For cryptography, an Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) was utilized to encrypt the message. The AES employed a 128bit block size and 256bit key size. The ciphertext characters were then replaced by the characters identified by a dictionary list. The dictionary is time-dependent, where each of the equivalent words shift based o

Total of 46 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were collected from patients attending (Al-Yarmook Hospital and Education Labs / medical city), and isolates were re-identified, depending on morphology and biochemical tests . Disk diffusion method was employed to determine antibiotic susceptibility of forty six isolates by using eleven antibiotics .The results revealed the sensitivity of six isolates (9.3%) to Imipenem and Meropenem . On the other hand the isolates were showed 23.9% resistant against Ciprofloxacin, while some isolates shown higher resistant against several antimicrobial agents such as 65.2%, 69.0% for Amikacin and Cefepime consequently , 71.1%, 71.7 % for Amoxicillin -Clauvulanic acid and Gentamicin and 82.6% against Pipera

Dictyostelium discoideum amoeba is a powerful system to study gene function through genetic and functional analysis. Paracaspase (Pcp) is a caspase-like protein that has recently identified in D. discoideum. Study paracaspase molecular function in Dictyostelium will provide insight into its cellular role in more complex organisms and the possibility to use it as a drug target against the parasitic amoeba. In this study, pcp was tagged with Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) and over-expressed in the cell. The knockout version of pcp (pcp-) was also investigated. In the course of our examination, it was observed that cells overexpress Pcp was unable to complete the developmental process, leading us to examine its role in development. Those c

     World statistics declare that aging has direct correlations with more and more health problems with comorbid conditions. As healthcare communities evolve with a massive amount of data at a faster pace, it is essential to predict, assist, and prevent diseases at the right time, especially for elders. Similarly, many researchers have discussed that elders suffer extensively due to chronic health conditions.  This work was performed to review literature studies on prediction systems for various chronic illnesses of elderly people. Most of the reviewed papers proposed machine learning prediction models combined with, or without, other related intelligence techniques for chronic disease detection of elderly patie

In this paper, an inexpensive, simple and well-accurate process of the generation of bimetallic silver Ag//gold Au core//shell is colloidal metal nanoparticles (MNPs). This is achieved via an atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma glow discharge between two electrodes. One of these electrodes is a capillary tube placing over solution about (1 cm) that acts as the cathode, while the other electrode is a metal disk immersed in the solution and acts as an anode. Glow discharge process carried out at room temperature using a home-made cell with (6 KV) applied voltage and direct current (DC) about (1.8 mA) for different discharge periods. A wide range of bimetallic Ag//Au colloidal MNPs was rapidly synthesized as a result of non-thermal plas

To study the genetic effect of gestational diabetes mellitus by study IRS1gene expression in female with Gestational diabetes mellitus. It is characterized high level of blood glucose, especially during first trimester then increased during the 2^nd and 3^rd trimester of the pregnancy period. The blood samples taken from one hundred twenty healthy women and female with gestational diabetes mellitus in 3^rd trimester period of pregnancy, level of fasting blood glucose (FBG) also HbA1c% measured to diagnose GDM, in addition to lipid profile (cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, and VLDL), molecular study consist of RNA extraction and qRT- PCR for IRS1gene expression determination. The fasting blood glucose mg/

In this paper, we give new results and proofs that include the notion of norm attainment set of bounded linear operators on a smooth Banach spaces and using these results to characterize a bounded linear operators on smooth Banach spaces that preserve of approximate - -orthogonality. Noting that this work takes brief sidetrack in terms of approximate - -orthogonality relations characterizations of a smooth Banach spaces.