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Application of Hydrophilic Lipophilic Difference Theory for Fenofibrate Formulation as a Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System
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Improved oral bioavailability of lipophilic substances can be achieved using self-emulsifying drug delivery systems. However, because the properties of self-emulsifying are greatly influenced by surfactant amount and type, type of oil used, droplet size, charge, cosolvents, and physiological variables, the synthesis of self-emulsifying is highly complex; consequently, only a small number of excipient self-emulsifying formulations has been developed so far for clinical use. This study reports a highly effective procedure for developing self-emulsifying formulations using a novel approach based on the hydrophilic-lipophilic difference theory. Microemulsion characteristics, such as the constituents and amounts of oil and surfactant electrolyte concentration and temperature, were optimized to produce high-quality self-emulsifying drug delivery systems. Furthermore, in vitro lipolysis and in vivo bioavailability studies of fenofibrate, a highly lipophilic oral drug, loaded self-emulsifying dosage form were conducted. The self-emulsifying drug delivery system used in this study comprised soybean oil, water with a specific salinity, sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate as a surfactant, and orlistat as a lipase inhibitor. The hydrophilic-lipophilic difference-based approach involved fewer experiments and allowed for the development of an efficient self-emulsifying dosage form with a relatively low surfactant concentration when compared to previous works. The salinity and equivalent alkane carbon number were optimized, with the proper selection of the type and amount of surfactant, to obtain a bicontinuous microemulsion (Winsor type III) that can be fully diluted with water. In vitro lipolysis was investigated in fasting and feeding settings, which showed a significant dosage form digestion by lipase enzyme; orlistat was successfully used to overcome dosage digestion and drug precipitation problem. In vivo experiments in rats involved oral gavage with a self-emulsifying dosage form containing fenofibrate (20 mg/kg). The pharmacokinetic profile of fenofibric acid showed remarkable enhancement in the bioavailability (F-95%). These findings demonstrate that the hydrophilic-lipophilic difference approach is a practical, scalable, and easy technique for self-emulsifying drug delivery system formulation development. Keywords: HLD theory, fenofibrate, SEDDS, lipolysis

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2024
Journal Name
Heliyon
Removal of amoxicillin from contaminated water using modified bentonite as a reactive material
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This study concerns the removal of a trihydrate antibiotic (Amoxicillin) from synthetically contaminated water by adsorption on modified bentonite. The bentonite was modified using hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (HTAB), which turned it from a hydrophilic to a hydrophobic material. The effects of different parameters were studied in batch experiments. These parameters were contact time, solution pH, agitation speed, initial concentration (C0) of the contaminant, and adsorbent dosage. Maximum removal of amoxicillin (93 %) was achieved at contact time = 240 min, pH = 10, agitation speed = 200 rpm, initial concentration = 30 ppm, and adsorbent dosage = 3 g bentonite per 1L of pollutant solution. The characterization of the adsorbent, modi

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 11 2022
Journal Name
Arabian Journal For Science And Engineering
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Nano Azo Compounds as a New pH Sensor
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 25 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Drug Delivery Technology
Effect of Zinc drug on amino acid concentration in liver of white mice, Mus musculus
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Zinc is one of the essential trace elements, it plays a key role in many biochemical and functional processes. It is less harmful than many other minerals, in the case of exposure to high doses of zinc, poisoning occurs, and this poisoning may mostly result from the accidental ingestion of household products containing zinc or nutritional supplements, this study was conducted to find out the effects of zinc on the concentration of amino acid. A total of 30 adult white mouse males were taken and divided into three groups; the first group (control) of 10 mice taken with distilled water for 30 days, the second group includes 10 mice that were dose with Zn drug concentration of 50 mg/kg/day for 30 days, the third group includes 10 mice that wer

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Effect of Environmental Factors on the Accuracy of a Quality Inspection System Based on Transfer Learning
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In this research, a study is introduced on the effect of several environmental factors on the performance of an already constructed quality inspection system, which was designed using a transfer learning approach based on convolutional neural networks. The system comprised two sets of layers, transferred layers set from an already trained model (DenseNet121) and a custom classification layers set. It was designed to discriminate between damaged and undamaged helical gears according to the configuration of the gear regardless to its dimensions, and the model showed good performance discriminating between the two products at ideal conditions of high-resolution images. So, this study aimed at testing the system performance at poo

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Effect of Environmental Factors on the Accuracy of a Quality Inspection System Based on Transfer Learning
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In this research, a study is introduced on the effect of several environmental factors on the performance of an already constructed quality inspection system, which was designed using a transfer learning approach based on convolutional neural networks. The system comprised two sets of layers, transferred layers set from an already trained model (DenseNet121) and a custom classification layers set. It was designed to discriminate between damaged and undamaged helical gears according to the configuration of the gear regardless to its dimensions, and the model showed good performance discriminating between the two products at ideal conditions of high-resolution images.

So, this study aimed at testing the system performance at poor s

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 30 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Estimating Stock Returns Using Rough Set Theory: An Exploratory study With An Evidence From Iraq Stock Exchange
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‎ This research aims to estimate stock returns, according to the ‎Rough Set Theory ‎approach, ‎test ‎its effectiveness and accuracy in predicting stock returns and their potential in the ‎field of ‎financial ‎markets, and rationalize investor decisions. The research sample is totaling (10) ‎companies traded at Iraq Stock Exchange. The results showed a remarkable ‎ ‎Rough Set Theory application in data reduction, contributing to the rationalization of ‎investment ‎decisions. The most prominent conclusions are the capability of rough set theory ‎in ‎dealing with financial data and applying it for forecasting stock ‎returns.‎The ‎research provides those interested in investing stocks in financial

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Inventory control by using Fuzzy set theory An Applied Research at the Baghdad Soft Drinks Company
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The production companies in the Iraqi industry environment facing many of the problems related to the management of inventory and control In particular in determining the quantities inventory that should be hold it. Because these companies  adoption on personal experience and some simple mathematical methods which lead to the identification of inappropriate quantities of inventory.

       This research aims to identify the economic quantity of production and purchase for the Pepsi can 330ml and essential components in Baghdad soft drinks Company in an environment dominated by cases of non ensure and High fluctuating as a result of fluctuating demand volumes and costs ass

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 01 2021
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Building a High Accuracy Transfer Learning-Based Quality Inspection System at Low Costs
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      Products’ quality inspection is an important stage in every production route, in which the quality of the produced goods is estimated and compared with the desired specifications. With traditional inspection, the process rely on manual methods that generates various costs and large time consumption. On the contrary, today’s inspection systems that use modern techniques like computer vision, are more accurate and efficient. However, the amount of work needed to build a computer vision system based on classic techniques is relatively large, due to the issue of manually selecting and extracting features from digital images, which also produces labor costs for the system engineers.       In this research, we pr

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 29 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Personal tax exemptions "a comparative study with some Arab and European system legislations
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This research aims primarily to highlight personal tax exemptions A comparative study with some Arab and European regulations. And by conducting both theoretical comparative analyses. Most important findings of the study is the need to grant personal and family exemptions that differ according to the civil status of the taxpayer (single or married). In other words, the exemption increases as the number of family members depend on its social sense. Also taking into account some incomes that require a certain effort and looking at the tax rates, it is unreasonable for wages to be subject to the same rates applied to commercial profits.      

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 01 2021
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Building a High Accuracy Transfer Learning-Based Quality Inspection System at Low Costs
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      Products’ quality inspection is an important stage in every production route, in which the quality of the produced goods is estimated and compared with the desired specifications. With traditional inspection, the process rely on manual methods that generates various costs and large time consumption. On the contrary, today’s inspection systems that use modern techniques like computer vision, are more accurate and efficient. However, the amount of work needed to build a computer vision system based on classic techniques is relatively large, due to the issue of manually selecting and extracting features from digital images, which also produces labor costs for the system engineers.

  &nbsp

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