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A Robust Handwritten Numeral Recognition Using Hybrid Orthogonal Polynomials and Moments
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Numeral recognition is considered an essential preliminary step for optical character recognition, document understanding, and others. Although several handwritten numeral recognition algorithms have been proposed so far, achieving adequate recognition accuracy and execution time remain challenging to date. In particular, recognition accuracy depends on the features extraction mechanism. As such, a fast and robust numeral recognition method is essential, which meets the desired accuracy by extracting the features efficiently while maintaining fast implementation time. Furthermore, to date most of the existing studies are focused on evaluating their methods based on clean environments, thus limiting understanding of their potential application in more realistic noise environments. Therefore, finding a feasible and accurate handwritten numeral recognition method that is accurate in the more practical noisy environment is crucial. To this end, this paper proposes a new scheme for handwritten numeral recognition using Hybrid orthogonal polynomials. Gradient and smoothed features are extracted using the hybrid orthogonal polynomial. To reduce the complexity of feature extraction, the embedded image kernel technique has been adopted. In addition, support vector machine is used to classify the extracted features for the different numerals. The proposed scheme is evaluated under three different numeral recognition datasets: Roman, Arabic, and Devanagari. We compare the accuracy of the proposed numeral recognition method with the accuracy achieved by the state-of-the-art recognition methods. In addition, we compare the proposed method with the most updated method of a convolutional neural network. The results show that the proposed method achieves almost the highest recognition accuracy in comparison with the existing recognition methods in all the scenarios considered. Importantly, the results demonstrate that the proposed method is robust against the noise distortion and outperforms the convolutional neural network considerably, which signifies the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed approach in comparison to the state-of-the-art recognition methods under both clean noise and more realistic noise environments.

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 28 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Properties of Ground-State of 17,19,20,24,26F using the Wave Functions of Harmonic-Oscillator and Spherical Hankel Functions
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     The nuclear size radii, density distributions and elastic electron scattering charge form factors for Fluorine isotopes (17,19,20,24,26F) were studied using the radial wave functions (WF) of harmonic-oscillator (HO) potential and free mean field described by spherical Hankel functions (SHF) for the core and the valence parts, respectively for all aforementioned isotopes. The parameters for HO potential (size parameter ) and SHF were chosen to regenerate the available experimental size radii. It was found that using spherical Hankel functions in our work improved the calculated results quantities in comparison with empirical data.   

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
Pakistan Journal Of Biotechnology
Fragmentation of gallbladder stones using transformer streptococcus salivarius and measuring of RNA expression to cholesterol lowering genes
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Recently, gallbladder stones have been contained bile salt saturated a proximal 70 % cholesterol. This led us to investigate how can use transformer Streptococcus salivarius with plasmid pMG36bsh to fragment cholesterol of gallstones in vitro. Total mRNA of S. salivarius was produced using easy-spinTM, total RNA extraction kit and PCR cDNA-RT to observe the change after percent pMG36bsh vector and prepare S. salivarius have two copies from bsh genes (cgh, bsh) to fragment gallstone in bacterial culture. Our data shows increase bacterial bsh expression help to reduce gallstones concentration in culture when bile salt presented as stimulating agent for the association bsh genes were 77% compare with wild type has the reducing concentration ra

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 23 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Processing of missing values in survey data using Principal Component Analysis and probabilistic Principal Component Analysis methods
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The idea of ​​carrying out research on incomplete data came from the circumstances of our dear country and the horrors of war, which resulted in the missing of many important data and in all aspects of economic, natural, health, scientific life, etc.,. The reasons for the missing are different, including what is outside the will of the concerned or be the will of the concerned, which is planned for that because of the cost or risk or because of the lack of possibilities for inspection. The missing data in this study were processed using Principal Component  Analysis and self-organizing map methods using simulation. The variables of child health and variables affecting children's health were taken into account: breastfeed

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 14 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Microleakage of Pit and Fissure Sealants after Using Different Occlusal Surface Preparation Techniques: An In Vitro Study
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Background: The marginal seal is essential for sealant success because penetration of bacteria under the sealant might allow caries onset or progression. The aim of the present study was to estimate and compare the microleakage of pit and fissure sealant after various methods of occlusal surface preparation. Materials and methods: Thirty non-carious premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were equally divided into three groups. In group one, occlusal fissures were opened with round carbide bur, in group two, occlusal surfaces of the teeth were cleaned with a dry pointed bristle brush and samples of group three were cleaned with a slurry of fine flour of pumice in water using rubber cup. Then fissures of all teeth were etched using 35% p

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 17 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
comparison between the methods estimate nonparametric and semiparametric transfer function model in time series the Using simulation
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 The transfer function model the basic concepts in the time series. This model is used in the case of multivariate time series. As for the design of this model, it depends on the available data in the time series and other information in the series so when the representation of the transfer function model depends on the representation of the data In this research, the transfer function has been estimated using the style nonparametric represented in two method  local linear regression and cubic smoothing spline method The method of semi-parametric represented use semiparametric single index model, With four proposals, , That the goal of this research is comparing the capabilities of the above mentioned m

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Photochemistry And Photobiology A: Chemistry
Improved photocatalytic degradation of methyl violet dye and pathogenic bacteria using g-C3N4 supported phosphotungstic acid heterojunction
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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Using financial ratio to compare performance of the commercial and the Islamic banks Listed on Palestine Exchange
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        The research aimed to compare the performance of the commercial and the  Islamic banks listed in the Palestinian's Stock Exchange .To achieve the objectives of the study we selected all  the commercial and the Islamic banks listed in the Palestinian Stock Exchange  to obtain the necessary data for the analysis process during the period of (2009-2013) .the comparison based on the performance indicators ( liquidity rate, profitability rate ,the activity rate and the market rate).

        a statistical method was used to analyze the date to find the performance differences between the commercial banks,

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2012
Journal Name
Food Chemistry
High performance liquid chromatographic determination of aflatoxins in chilli, peanut and rice using silica based monolithic column
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A simple and rapid high performance liquid chromatographic with fluorescence detection method for the determination of the aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 in peanuts, rice and chilli was developed. The sample was extracted using acetonitrile:water (90:10, v/v%) and then purified by using ISOLUTE multimode solid phase extraction. After the pre-column derivatisation, the analytes were separated within 3.7 min using Chromolith performance RP-18e (100–4.6 mm) monolithic column. To assess the possible effects of endogenous components in the food items, matrix-matched calibration was used for the quantification and validation. The recoveries of aflatoxins that were spiked into food samples were 86.38–104.5% and RSDs were <4.4%. The method was

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2022
Journal Name
Microbiology And Biotechnology Letters
Production and Identification of Secondary Metabolite Gliotoxin-Like Substance Using Clinical Isolates of <i>Candida</i> spp.
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Publication Date
Tue Dec 21 2021
Journal Name
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry
Assessment of maxillary incisors' angulation and position in different types of malocclusions using cone-beam computed tomography
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Abstract Background: This study is aimed to assess the maxillary incisors’ root position, angulation, and buccal alveolar bone thickness in both genders and different classes of malocclusion using cone‑beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Two hundred and six CBCT images were gathered and analyzed by three‑dimensional On‑Demand software to measure the variables of 803 maxillary central and lateral incisors. Genders and class difference was determined by unpaired t‑test, one‑way ANOVA, and Chi‑square tests. Results: Buccal root position of the maxillary incisors accounted for in the majority of the cases followed by the middle and palatal positions. The thickness of alveolar bone appears to have nearly the sam

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