This study was carried out to evaluate the hepato-protective property of (Arachis hypogea L.) peanut skin extracts in CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in mice. The antioxidant activity was measured utilizing 2, 2-diphenyl-1-1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity. The results showed that the methanolic extract was the highest free radical scavenging activity than the aqueous extract with values (92.34 ± 0.45 and 87.62 ± 0.44) respectively in 12 mg/mL compared to 89.61 ± 0.34 for Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and 93.25 ± 0.06 for vitamin C, which means that the methanolic extract of peanut skin is superior to BHT. Furthermore, the total phenolic content was analyzed by using Folin-Ciocalteu method, the amount of total phenol in aqueous extract was15.32 ± 0.45, 39.29 ± 0.64 and 56.63 ± 1.03 mg/g in 2, 6 and 10 mg/ml respectively, while the methanolic extract was 47.08 ± 0.56, 68.40 ± 1.18 and 85.35 ± 0.62 mg/g respectively in the same concentrations. The hepato-protective effect of peanut skin extract was evaluated in CCl4 induced hepato-toxicity. The experiment was conducted in two methods: pre-treatment groups and post-treatment groups. Mice were treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg of aqueous and methanolic peanut skin extracts for 35 days before being damaged by CCl4 (pre-treatment group), and the other groups (post-treatment groups) which the mice were injected with CCl4 and received 50 and 100 mg/kg of aqueous and methanolic peanut skin extracts for 35 days. Biochemical studies show that there is decrease in the levels of serum ALT, AST, ALP, MDA and increases in the levels of SOD with significant differences (p <0.01) when compared with the CCl4 treated group. The histo pathological examination of liver obtained from mice with administrated intraperitoneally 3 ml/kg CCl4 showed histopathological changes in the liver represented in fatty changes of excessive hepatocyte accumulation of fatty material, while when treated with 100 mg/kg of peanut extract revealed look like normal structure appearance of hepatic tissue and normal structure appearance but with few apoptotic cells.
The field efficacy of Actellic (organophosphate), Neporex (insect growth regulator) and
Ficam (carbamate), at the application rates of 2-4, 0.4-0.8 and 0.1-0.2 g AI/m2 respectively,
was studied against the larvae of Musca domestica L. Results of treatments involving horse
manure indicated that Actellic and Neporex produced sharp decrease of larval numbers (close
to zero) for 21d. But there was a slight recovery in larval numbers 14 d following treatment
with Ficam. The populations of predator mites were not affected due to insecticidal
applications.
This research aims at studying and analyzing the creative research thinking of the educational staffs in private universities and colleges, and also the role of incentives, in its materialistic and moral sides in the development of such thinking and the pack of restraints which cause decline in interest level of the scientificresearch, and its weak role in the development of universities in Iraq, despite the interest of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research in Iraq in scientific research as part ofits academic and humanitarian targets.Based on study and analysis, and the using if some of statistical methods such as the Alpha Chronobaghcoefficient and the (T. Test)(F. Test),the research reached a number of conclusions.
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Objectives: The study aims to identify the effects of an educational program on patients’ knowledge about vascular access care and to find out the relationship between patients knowledge scores and their selected demographic variable. &
... Show MoreBackground: To investigate the effect of different types of storage media on enamel surface microstructure of avulsed teeth by using atomic force microscope.Materials and methods : Twelve teeth blocks from freshly extracted premolars for orthodontic treatment were selected . The study samples were divided into three groups according to type of storage media :A-egg white , B- probiotic yogurt , and C-bovine milk . All the samples were examined for changes in surface roughness and surface granularity distribution using atomic force microscope, at two periods: baseline, and after 8 hours of immersing in the three types of storage media. Results: Milk group had showed a significant increase in the mean of the roughness values at
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The research aims to know the effectiveness of a training program based on multiple intelligence theory in developing literary thinking among students of the Arabic Language Department at Ibn Rushd School of Humanities and to achieve the goal of research, the Safaris Research Institute, and the research community of Arabic language students in the Faculty of Education the third section of Arabic Language: The research sample consists of (71) students. Divided into (35) students in the experimental group and (36) students in the control group, the researcher balanced between the two groups with variables (intelligence, testing of tribal literary thinking, and time age in months), and after using the T-test for two independent samples, the
... Show MoreThe current research aims to shed light on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), which helps to report financial and non-financial information by economic units in general and listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange in particular. The research was based on a main premise that apply the criteria of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) would provide useful information to users to help them make appropriate decisions. To achieve the goal of the research, the descriptive analysis method was used, and quantitative analysis was used. At the level of the descriptive analysis method, a desk survey was conducted. As for the quantitative analysis, it relied on applied data through a questionnaire form (Questioners) as a research tool, and the
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University Campuses, as any lively physical entity, is subject to continuous variation due to . growth, development and change. This reality covers the existing or futuristic additives or additions, consecutively these changes may have a strong sensation of disorientation as a result of formatic changes in buildings, or in movement paths. And it epitomized the research problem to "the need for knowledge to clarify the impact of intellectual and executive policy in achieving coherence, functional and space organization of the elements of the university urban environment and in the stages of future growth and change," the search targeted "to highlight the study of constraction politics on campus Bmqomad
... Show MoreThe research consists of five chapters, and in the first chapter, it addresses the introduction and importance of the research, where the researcher explained the importance of bio-motor abilities and their role in achieving a high level through their connection to the skill performance of standing on the hands followed by the forward roll, and the research problem: Do these bio-motor abilities have an impact on the level of skill performance? Handstand followed by forward roll.
Age and growth of Varicorhinus damascinus (Val.) in Tigris river at Salahuldin province have been investigated. Monthly samples were taken during the period from September 1999 to August 2000, using small-meshed gill nets. The age data showed that there were six age groups and the dominant age groups were (III – IV) for both sexes. The results of the present study revealed that the increment in length of V. damascinus at the sites of study showed a tendency to decrease with the increase in age, after the third year of life in both sexes. The length-weight relationship of males and females were calculated and demonstrated in a straight line logarithmic formula, as follows: Log W = 1.5404 + 2.6885 log L for males r = 0.95 (P > 0.05) Log
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