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Adaptation re-use of traditional cafés in Erbil, Iraq
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Purpose

This paper aims to shed light on adaptive reuse in traditional architecture (TA) in Erbil, Iraq.

Design/methodology/approach

An inductive approach and qualitative method were used in this study. The inductive research approach was used because there was no clear image of adaptive reuse in traditional cafés (TCs) in Erbil. Besides, there are no studies of TCs in Erbil particularly. Thus, there is a lack of knowledge about what adaptations took place in TCs in Erbil. The qualitative method extracted themes and issues from case studies of four TCs in Erbil citadel's buffer zone. This included a physical survey and observation of the TCs in Erbil and 18 semi-structured interviews with the owners, servers and visitors.

Findings

The analysis shows the flexibility of the TCs in Erbil as a face of adaptive re-use (AR) which is explained through the capacity linked to space modifications, the addition of modern devices, the function linked to space modifications, service addition, the condition linked to space modifications and the addition of modern devices. Also, TCs in Erbil has a spatial identity and architectural value that proves it is worthy enough to be preserved through unique spirituality linked to preserving the place.

Research limitations/implications

The findings are limited to the cases of TCs in mountain regain and may not be applicable or appropriate to other cafés in other different countries.

Originality/value

There are three aspects of authenticity in the current research. Firstly, the TCs in Erbil have not been studied before. Secondly, TCs that have been discovered have made AR of themselves whilst maintaining their original function-serving beverages, to stimulate creativity. Thirdly, most of the studies of AR have dealt with historical and heritage architecture, whilst the current research paper is dealing with TA.

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Sat Jan 01 2022
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Design, Synthesis and Preliminary Pharmacological Evaluation of New Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents Having a 4-(Methylsulfonyl) Aniline Pharmacophore
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Fri Jun 02 2023
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East European Journal Of Physics
Electroexcitation Form Factors and Deformation of 20,22Ne Isotopes Based on the Shell Model and Hartree-Fock plus BCS Calculations
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Nuclear structure of 20,22Ne isotopes has been studied via the shell model with Skyrme-Hartree-Fock calculations. In particular, the transitions to the low-lying positive and negative parity excited states have been investigated within three shell model spaces; sd for positive parity states, spsdpf large-basis (no-core), and zbme model spaces for negative parity states. Excitation energies, reduced transition probabilities, and elastic and inelastic form factors were estimated and compared to the available experimental data. Skyrme interaction was used to generate a one-body potential in the Hartree-Fock calculations for each selected excited states, which is then used to calculate the single-particle matrix elements. Skyrme interac

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Comparison between the Biological Activity of Agaricus bisporus Fruiting Bodies and Albizzia lebbeck Leaves Extract against Different Pathogenic Microoganisms
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Wed Jul 01 2020
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Synthesis, characterization of new Schiff base compounds contains 5H-thiazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4] thiadiazole and study its biological activity
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Influence of Dry and Wet Etching on AlInSb Contact Resistivity, Transfer Length, and Sheet Resistance Using Circular Transmission Model
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Publication Date
Mon Nov 05 2018
Journal Name
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Effectiveness of Instruction-oriented Intervention for Primipara Women upon Episiotomy and Self-perineal Care at Ibn Al-Baladi Hospital
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Publication Date
Wed Oct 31 2018
Journal Name
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The impact of systemic hypertension-related heart remodeling on right ventricle mechanics: A two-dimensional echocardiographic speckle tracking study
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