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Building a Three-Axis CNC Milling Machine Control System
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CNC machines are widely used in production fields since they produce similar parts in a minimum time, at higher speed and with possibly minimum error. A control system is designed, implemented and tested to control the operation of a laboratory CNC milling machine having three axes that are moved by using a stepper motor attached to each axis. The control system includes two parts, hardware part and software part, the hardware part used a PC (works as controller) connected to the CNC machine through its parallel port by using designed interface circuit. The software part includes the algorithms needed to control the CNC. The sample needs to be machined is drawn by using one of the drawing software like AUTOCAD or 3D MAX and is saved in a well-known file format (DXF), then that file is fed to the CNC machine controller by the CNC operator, so that part will be machined by the CNC machine. The CNC controller using developed algorithms that reads the DXF file feeds to the machine, extracts (line, circle or arc) shapes from the file and generates commands to move the CNC machine axes so that these shapes can be machined.

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Tigris And Euphrates Rivers: Their Environment From Headwaters To Mouth
Ornamental Fishes: A Looming Danger for Inland Fish Diversity of Iraq
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Publication Date
Tue Dec 05 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A Numerical scheme to Solve Boundary Value Problems Involving Singular Perturbation
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The Wang-Ball polynomials operational matrices of the derivatives are used in this study to solve singular perturbed second-order differential equations (SPSODEs) with boundary conditions. Using the matrix of Wang-Ball polynomials, the main singular perturbation problem is converted into linear algebraic equation systems. The coefficients of the required approximate solution are obtained from the solution of this system. The residual correction approach was also used to improve an error, and the results were compared to other reported numerical methods. Several examples are used to illustrate both the reliability and usefulness of the Wang-Ball operational matrices. The Wang Ball approach has the ability to improve the outcomes by minimi

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 01 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
A Modified Fama-MacBeth Model based on the Single-Index Model
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The aim of this essay is to use a single-index model in developing and adjusting Fama-MacBeth.  Penalized smoothing spline regression technique (SIMPLS) foresaw this adjustment.  Two generalized cross-validation techniques, Generalized Cross Validation Grid (GGCV) and Generalized Cross Validation Fast (FGCV), anticipated the regular value of smoothing covered under this technique. Due to the two-steps nature of the Fama-MacBeth model, this estimation generated four estimates: SIMPLS(FGCV) - SIMPLS(FGCV), SIMPLS(FGCV) - SIM PLS(GGCV), SIMPLS(GGCV) - SIMPLS(FGCV), SIM PLS(GGCV) - SIM PLS(GGCV). Three-factor Fama-French model—market risk premium, size factor, value factor, and their implication for excess stock returns and portfolio return

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Publication Date
Thu May 01 2003
Journal Name
Renewable Energy
FT-IR and XPS analysis of a-Si1-xGex:H thin films
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Publication Date
Tue Oct 16 2018
Journal Name
Springer Science And Business Media Llc
MOGSABAT: a metaheuristic hybrid algorithm for solving multi-objective optimisation problems
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Research In Social Sciences & Humanities
COLLABORATIVE WRITING AS A MEANS IN DEVELOPING EFL LEARNERS’ WRITING PERFORMANCE
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Collaborative learning is a way that prepares students practically for real-world applications. Working together as teamwork to execute various writing skills is essential in most professions since it increases the level of experience. Thus, the current study aims to identify the role collaborative writing in developing students' level of performance in writing. It is qualitative in nature since the researcher depended on the extant literature in achieving the objective of the study. The researcher touched upon related theories that addressed Collaborative learning, categories, and problems .It concluded that collaborative writing increases the students’ self-confidence, self-esteem, creativity, and motivation through the interact

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 17 2021
Journal Name
7th International Conference On Multidisciplinary Sciences (7th Icomus)
A Critical Pragmatic Study of Sarcasms in American and British Interviews
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APDBN Rashid, 7th International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences (7th ICOMUS), 2021

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 30 2007
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of Phenol in a Trickle Bed Reactor
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Catalytic wet air oxidation of aqueous phenol solution was studied in a pilot plant trickle bed reactor using copperoxide catalyst supported on alumina and silica. Catalysts were prepared by impregnating method. Effect of feed solutionpH (5.9, 7.3, and 9.2), gas flow rate (20%, 50%, 80%, and 100%), WHSV (1, 2, and 3 h-1), temperature (120°C, 140°C,and 160°C), oxygen partial pressure (6, 9, 12 bar), and initial phenol concentration (1, 2, and 4 g/l).Generally, theperformance of the catalysts was better when the pH of feed solution was increased. The catalysts deactivation is relatedto the dissolution of the metal oxides from the catalyst surface due to the acidic conditions. Phenol oxidation reactionwas strongly affected by WHSV,

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 01 2021
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences (pen)
A proposed encryption technique of different texts using circular link lists
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Materials Today: Proceedings
Studying the impact of condensate blockage on gas production: A review
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When the drawdown pressure amounts to a value below the dew point pressure, a minor droplet of condensate is shaped and accumulated in the close area of wellbore. As the accumulation happens, the saturation of the liquid will grow and a reduction in gas relative permeability will happen, therefore it will affect the productivity. Generally, condensate baking problem in gas wells is being deliberated and studied and numerous techniques have been suggested to solve the problem. The studying of condensate banking dynamics is essential to evaluate the productivity and behavior of the wells of the gas fields.

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