The research aimed to demonstrate the role of accounting integration and green taxes in achieving sustainable development in the Iraqi oil sector. The research adopted the descriptive-analytical approach and was applied to a sample of (120) individuals specializing in the Ministry of Finance, the State Audit Bureau, and academic institutions, using a questionnaire as a data collection tool. The research concluded that there is a significant correlation and impact between accounting integration, green taxes, and the dimensions of sustainable development. The research recommended the necessity of adopting green technological innovation and activating the "polluter pays" principle to enhance environmental performance and support sustainability

Forms of knowledge with no direct link to survival—religious knowledge foremost among them—have long posed a challenge to evolutionary theory: the cost of belief in unseen deities is difficult to justify under natural selection, in the way that the cost of three-dimensional vision is not. This study locates the source of the difficulty in an epistemological assumption inherited from classical philosophy: that consciousness produces knowledge as a correspondence to reality, and therefore that some knowledge lies beyond the function of survival. Against this, it proposes the concept of "cartographic knowledge": consciousness is a multi-mechanism adaptive apparatus whose function is not to mirror reality but to draw a functional map of the

The research aims to achieve proof of convergence between optimal costs and standard costs in calculating costs for the economic unit, support efforts aimed at adopting optimal costs in cost accounts and accounting thought in general, and achieve benefit from the theory of convergence between optimal costs and standard costs in the field of achieving actual costs in The economic unit in order to reduce and converge, and this came to address the possibility of adopting the concept of optimal costs in the production costs calculations for the purposes of rationalizing administrative decisions, and rationalizing the preparation of financial statements within management accounting.

The research concluded that

المستخلص
، ( اب ( ١٩٢٢ ô یدتھ ارض الیب ô ي قص ô وت ،ف ô زي الی ô اعر الانجلی ô یھدف ھذا البحث الى بیان مدى تأكید الش
ن ô ة م ô ان والطبیع ô ین الانس ô ت ب ô ا ربط ô ي لطالم ô ة ،الت ô على الحاجة الملحة للانسان الحدیث لاسترجاع الصلة الحمیم
ة ô ي بمثاب ô ة ھ ô ان الثلاث ô ذه الارك ô ین ھ ô ة ب ô ة الموثق ô ذه العلاق ô رى .ان ھ ô ة اخ ô ن جھ ô جھة ، وبین الانسان والاسطورة م
ات ô ي الثقاف ô ة ف ô وس الدینی ô وبة والطق ô اطیر الخ

مستخلص البحث. يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على: ١ – الاستدلال التمثيلي لدى الطالب- المدرس في كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة/ ابن الهيثم. ٢ –الفروق ذات الدلالة الاحصائية في الاستدلال التمثيلي وفق متغير الجنس ( ذكور، إناث) لدى الطالب- المدرس في كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة/ ابن الهيثم. تألفت العينة من ( ١٥٠) طالب وطالبة من طلبة المرحلة الرابعة- لقسم الكيمياء/ ابن الهيثم، وتم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية البسيطة، بواق

According to the circumstances experienced by our country which led to Occurrence of many crises that are the most important crisis is gaining fuel therefore, the theory of queue (waiting line) had been used to solve this crisis and as the relevance of this issue indirect and essential role in daily life.