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Genetic Polymorphisms at TNF-Alpha Receptors Associated some Autoimmune Diseases and Response of Anti-TNF Biologics: Review
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Some genetic factors are not only involved in some autoimmune diseases but also interfere with their treatment, Such as Crohn's disease (CD), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and psoriasis (PS). Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) is a most important pro-inflammatory cytokine, which has been recognized as a main factor that participates in the pathogenesis and development of autoimmune disorders. Therefore, TNF could be a prospective target for treating these disorders, and many anti-TNF were developed to treat these disorders. Although the high efficacy of many anti-TNF biologic medications, the Patients' clinical responses to the autoimmune treatment showed significant heterogeneity. Two types of TNF receptor (TNFR); 1 and 2, it classified into two superfamilies; TNF-superfamily of ligands (TNFSF) (19 ligands) and TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) (29 receptors). This review aims to provide an overview of the impact of genetic polymorphism on TNF alpha receptors on the response to anti-TNF biologics. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) recorded in the TNFRs gene on various immune system cells may affect the lower corresponding TNFRs gene expression. The present review summarized the studies that highlighted the role of heterogeneity in varying the response of patients. Many researchers indicated SNPs' effect on the response of autoimmune patients to treatment with anti-TNF biologic medications, while other studies did not find a correlation. In conclusion, TNF is involved in several diseases such as CD, RA, AS, and PS; there was a link between TNFRs polymorphism and non-responsiveness to anti-TNF-α medications.

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 25 2021
Journal Name
International Journal Of Drug Delivery Technology
Synthesis, Characterization, Thermal and Biological Study of New Organic Compound with Some Metal Complexes
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A new set of metal complexes by the general formula [M(P)2(H2O)2]Cl2 has been prepared through the interaction of the new Ligand [N1, N4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)succinamide] (P) derived from succinyl chloride with p-anisidine with the transition metal ions [Cu(II), Mn(II), Cd(II), Co(II) and Ni(II)]. Compounds diagnosed by TGA, 1 H, 13CNMR and Mass spectra (for (P)), Fourier-transform infrared and Electronic spectrum, Magnetic measurement, molar conduct, (%M, %C, %H, %N). These measurements indicate that (P) is associated with the metal ion in a bi-dentate fashion by nitrogen atoms (the amide group), and the octahedral composition of these complexes is suggested. Staphylococcus Aureus (+) and Escherichia Coli (–) were studied for the antibact

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 15 2015
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
Determination of some Optimum Conditions for Bioremediation of Some Heavy Metals by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Determination of some Optimum Conditions for Bioremediation of Some Heavy Metals by Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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The study aimed to determine of some Optimum conditions for bioremediation and removing of seven mineral elements included hexavalent chromium, nickel, cobalt, cadmium, lead, iron and copper as either alone or in group by living and heat treated cells of baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The dried baker's yeast from Aldnaamaya China Company was used in this study. Biochemical tests was used to ensure yeast belonging to S. cerevisiae and then used to remove the mentioned mineral elementes under different conditions which included incubation period, pH, and temperature. It was found that the best of these conditions was 60 minutes for duration of incubation, 6 for pH, 25 ᵒC for temperature. During the study the behavior of living

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 25 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Drug Delivery Technology
Statistical Design based on Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Production of a Yellow Pigment by Streptomyces thinghirensis AF7
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Although its wide utilization in microbial cultures, the one factor-at-a-time method, failed to find the true optimum, this is due to the interaction between optimized parameters which is not taken into account. Therefore, in order to find the true optimum conditions, it is necessary to repeat the one factor-at-a-time method in many sequential experimental runs, which is extremely time-consuming and expensive for many variables. This work is an attempt to enhance bioactive yellow pigment production by Streptomyces thinghirensis based on a statistical design. The yellow pigment demonstrated inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and was characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy which showed lambda maximum of

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Ecological Engineering
Enhancing the Removal of Methyl Orange Dye by Electrocoagulation System with Nickel Foam Electrode – Optimization with Surface Response Methodology
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Azo dyes like methyl orange (MO) are very toxic components due to their recalcitrant properties which makes their removal from wastewater of textile industries a significant issue. The present study aimed to study their removal by utilizing aluminum and Ni foam (NiF) as anodes besides Fe foam electrodes as cathodes in an electrocoagulation (EC) system. Primary experiments were conducted using two Al anodes, two NiF anodes, or Al-NiF anodes to predict their advantages and drawbacks. It was concluded that the Al-NiF anodes were very effective in removing MO dye without long time of treatment or Ni leaching at in the case of adopting the Al-Al or NiF-NiF anodes, respectively. The structure and surface morphology of the NiF electrode were inves

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 20 2021
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
ORE GENESIS AND MINOR ELEMENTS OF OROGENIC GOLD DEPOSIT AT TAMILOUW– HAYA, SERAM ISLAND, INDONESIA
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The orogenic gold deposit of Tamilouw – Haya is hosted by slate and metapelitic rocks within Tehoru metamorphic complex. Gold and polymetallic sulfides mineralization at study area is predominantly formed in the form of veins, stockwork and breccia although minor dissemination is slightly appeared in the rock float samples. They are trapped and controlled by NE-SW and NNE-SSW trending geologic structure occurred during orogeny process from Late Miocene to Pliocene. The common ore minerals assemblage at Tamilouw – Haya deposit are dominated by native gold, chalcopyrite, pyrite, sphalerite, galena, pyrrhotite, tetrahedrite-tennantite (sulphosalt), marcasite,realgar, kalininite and arsenopyrite as hypogene minerals and accompanied by co

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 03 2012
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Science
Viscosity and Density of Chrom Alum in Aqueous Poly (Ethylene Glycol) Solution at Different Temperature
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Density data of alum chrom in water and in aqueous solution of poly (ethylene glycol) (1500) at different temperatures (288.15, 293.15, 298.15) k have been used to estimate the apparent molar volume (Vθ), limiting apparent molar volume (Vθ˚) experimental slope (Sv) and the second derivative of limiting partial molar volume [δ2 θ v° /δ T2] p .The viscosity data have been analyzed by means of Jones –Dole equation to obtain coefficient A, and Jones –Dole coefficient B, Free activation energy of activation per mole of solvent, Δμ10* solute, Δμ20* the activation enthalpy ΔH*,and entropy, ΔS*of activation of viscous flow. These results have been discussed in terms of solute –solvent interaction and making/breaking ability of so

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Structure, morphology and optical properties of thermally evaporated Cu2S thin films annealed at different temperatures
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In the present work the preparation of Cu2S alloy was done throughout mixing the sulphur and copper elements according to the proper atomic weight and then put in an evacuated quartz ampoule which then sealed and heated at 1273 K for five hours and left to cool. Thin films from Cu2S powder thicknesses of ~300nm were prepared by thermal evaporation technique on a glass substrate and under vacuum of 10 -5 mbar with rate of deposition 25nm/sec. The prepared thin films subjected to heat treatment at different temperatures(300, 373 , 473 and 573 K)for half an hour. The structures of Cu2S powder and films have been studied by X–ray diffraction technique. The result reveals that the preparedalloy has cubic structure a

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 13 2012
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Density and Viscosity of Amino Acid Serine in aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide solution at deferent temperatures
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 02 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Educational Activities and Its Role in Affirm Teaching Subject At The Pupils of Primary Stage
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The first chapter includes introduce the research and the problem of the research that there are negligence of some educational institutions and schools management  , some parents and supervisors .Also there are some educators who believes that school activities are obstacles means to learning and prevent pupils from studying and understanding the subjects. That may due to social , psychological and educational reasons

The purposes of the researches come from the reports of supervision visits which indicate a lot of difficulties faced by pupils and teachers related to education activities  and its influence on in education  and the necessity of indentify these difficulties and remedy them

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 30 2023
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Self-Medication among Medical Students at Sudan International University, Sudan
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Background: Self-medication is a practice or action taken by individuals for themselves in order to achieve and maintain health, as well as to avoid and protect against disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of self-medication among medical students at Sudan International University.

Subjects & Methods: This was a prospective study that involved 288 out of 1000 students in the Faculty of Medicine at Sudan International University. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire from January to March 2022 to evaluate the self-medication knowledge, attitude, and practice among first, second, and third-ye

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