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Genetic Polymorphisms at TNF-Alpha Receptors Associated some Autoimmune Diseases and Response of Anti-TNF Biologics: Review
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Some genetic factors are not only involved in some autoimmune diseases but also interfere with their treatment, Such as Crohn's disease (CD), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and psoriasis (PS). Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) is a most important pro-inflammatory cytokine, which has been recognized as a main factor that participates in the pathogenesis and development of autoimmune disorders. Therefore, TNF could be a prospective target for treating these disorders, and many anti-TNF were developed to treat these disorders. Although the high efficacy of many anti-TNF biologic medications, the Patients' clinical responses to the autoimmune treatment showed significant heterogeneity. Two types of TNF receptor (TNFR); 1 and 2, it classified into two superfamilies; TNF-superfamily of ligands (TNFSF) (19 ligands) and TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) (29 receptors). This review aims to provide an overview of the impact of genetic polymorphism on TNF alpha receptors on the response to anti-TNF biologics. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) recorded in the TNFRs gene on various immune system cells may affect the lower corresponding TNFRs gene expression. The present review summarized the studies that highlighted the role of heterogeneity in varying the response of patients. Many researchers indicated SNPs' effect on the response of autoimmune patients to treatment with anti-TNF biologic medications, while other studies did not find a correlation. In conclusion, TNF is involved in several diseases such as CD, RA, AS, and PS; there was a link between TNFRs polymorphism and non-responsiveness to anti-TNF-α medications.

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Publication Date
Sat May 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Design of Optical Fibers and Calculate their Guided Modes Properties at 1550 nm
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Abstract<p>There is no doubt that optical fiber technology is one of the most important stages of the communications revolution at all and it is of utmost importance in our daily life. In this work, five fibers with core radii 2.5, 4.5 and 6.5–8.5 μm were designed. The properties of all guided modes have been calculated at a wavelength of 1550 nm by using RP Fiber Calculator. A single-mode fiber is obtained when the core radius approaches the wavelength. As the core radius is increased, the fiber becomes a multimode. The percentage power in the core increases with increasing core radius. The modes profiles were illustrated and compared with the modern references.</p>
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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2020
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Evaluation of nurses’ knowledge and attitudes toward pain management at Baghdad Teaching Hospitals
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Sustainable Studies
The Scope of Resorting to Amicus Curiae at the Regional and International Levels
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The amicus curiae is one of the judicial procedures adopted in many judicial and legal systems around the world, under which a person who is not a party to the case, and without having a personal and direct interest in it, intervenes to draw the court’s attention to many factual and legal aspects

Publication Date
Sun Dec 31 2023
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Hadiths about fasting at the beginning of the months, in compilation and criticism
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This research included the hadiths in which the urge to fast the month of the month, or the beginning of the month, and followed the inductive approach to collecting hadiths, and the critical approach in their studies, and in the weighting of the right from the faces contained in it, and one of the most important results of the research is the agreement of the words of the people On the whiteness, whether it is a little or a lot, the rush of the month will be the first three nights, where the moon white is a little, and they also agreed that the middle three are called the white days, and that the release of the rage on them for the whiteness of its nights, where the moon is complete, and the Prophet has been proven. May God bless him an

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 30 2019
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Fairness in the ancestral quarrel at the meeting of subordinate and representative metaphors
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Having signed my eyes on the manuscript labeled (equity in the ancestral quarrel at the meeting of subordinate and representative metaphors) I was impressed by the process of achieving it; That manuscript came to light; to be seen by specialists in Arabic rhetoric and students of science, and supplement the library of rhetoric one of the sources ..

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2013
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Efficiency Prediction and Performance Characterization of Photovoltaic Solar Panel at Baghdad Climate Conditions
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The performance of a solar cell under sun radiation is necessary to describe the electrical parameters of the cell. The Prova 200 solar panel analyzer is used for the professional testing of four solar cells at Baghdad climate conditions. Voltage -current characteristics of different area solar cells operated under solar irradiation for testing their quality and determining the optimal operational parameters for maximum electrical output were obtained. A correlation is developed between solar cell efficiency h and the corresponding solar cell parameters; solar irradiance G, maximum power Pmax, and production date P. The average absolute error of the proposed correlation is 5.5% for 40 data points. The results also show th

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of The Mechanical Behavior Of Materials
Simulation and assessment of water supply network for specified districts at Najaf Governorate
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Abstract<p>This study aims to simulate and assess the hydraulic characteristics and residual chlorine in the water supply network of a selected area in Al-Najaf City using WaterGEMS software. Field and laboratory work were conducted to measure the pressure heads and velocities, and water was sampled from different sites in the network and then tested to estimate chlorine residual. Records and field measurements were utilized to validate WaterGEMS software. Good agreement was obtained between the observed and predicted values of pressure with RMSE range between 0.09–0.17 and 0.08–0.09 for chlorine residual. The results of the analysis of water distribution systems (WDS) during maximum demand </p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Implement some basic health accreditation standards Issued by the Health Care Accreditation Council (HCAC) for auditing the Performance of Hospitals: Applied research at the Education Children Protection Hospital
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The health care provided by health institutions and all kinds suffers from many problems, and since the health services provided are related to human life, it is necessary to shed light on this activity and identify the causes of these problems. This research aims to Definition of health institutions (hospitals) Performance audit of these institutions according to the latest indicators, which are the standards of health accreditation for hospitals, specifically the basic standards issued by the Health Care Accreditation Council (HCAC) to reach the level of performance and Knowledge of Constraints that lead to in an acceptable manner consistent with the approved standards. In theoretical and practical study, a number of conclusions were r

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A novelty Multi-Step Associated with Laplace Transform Semi Analytic Technique for Solving Generalized Non-linear Differential Equations
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   In this work, a novel technique to obtain an accurate solutions to nonlinear form by multi-step combination with Laplace-variational approach (MSLVIM) is introduced. Compared with the  traditional approach for variational it overcome all difficulties and enable to provide us more an accurate solutions with extended of the convergence region as well as covering to larger intervals which providing us a continuous representation of approximate analytic solution and it give more better information of the solution over the whole time interval. This technique is more easier for obtaining the general Lagrange multiplier with reduces the time and calculations. It converges rapidly to exact formula with simply computable terms wit

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Publication Date
Wed May 04 2022
Journal Name
Int. J. Nonlinear Anal. Appl.
Knee Meniscus Segmentation and Tear Detection Based On Magnitic Resonacis Images: A Review of Literature
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The meniscus has a crucial function in human anatomy, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (M.R.I.) plays an essential role in meniscus assessment. It is difficult to identify cartilage lesions using typical image processing approaches because the M.R.I. data is so diverse. An M.R.I. data sequence comprises numerous images, and the attributes area we are searching for may differ from each image in the series. Therefore, feature extraction gets more complicated, hence specifically, traditional image processing becomes very complex. In traditional image processing, a human tells a computer what should be there, but a deep learning (D.L.) algorithm extracts the features of what is already there automatically. The surface changes become valuable when

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