تعد أنشطة العلاقات العامة تمثل جانباً مهماً من جوانب عمل المؤسسات بشكل عام في الوقت الحاضر، وتأخذ خصوصية أكثر في المنظمات الحكومية، بسبب الأعباء الضخمة والمسؤوليات العديدة تجاه أفراد المجتمع، وقد اهتمت الدول المتقدمة والنامية على حد سواء بهذا النشاط. إن أنشطة العلاقات العامة تؤدي دوراً هاماً في تسهيل عملية الاتصال وتحقيق الفهم المتبادل وتوطيد العلاقة بين الطرفين – المؤسسة والجمهور – وللعلاقات العامة دور مؤثر وكبير في عالمنا المعاصر الذي أصبح عالم مؤسسات جعل من الضرورة إن تحتاج هذه المؤسسات إلى إدارات علاقات عامة قادرة على ترجمة أنشطتها، وأفكارها، ومشاريعها، وخدماتها إلى نشاط اتصالي موجه نحو الجمهور. لقد أصبحت العلاقات العامة بأنشطتها الاتصالية (الإعلام - الإعلان – الدعاية – التسويق) تمثل نشاطاً اتصالياً مهماً، وحيوياً، وجوهرياً في حياة المؤسسات المختلفة وعاملاً رئيساً من عوامل كفاءتها وفاعليتها، وهي بنشاطاتها تساعد الإدارة العليا للمؤسسات على معرفة ما يدور حولها عن طريق الاتصال الدائم والمستمر بالجماهير المختلفة، ومن ثم تمكين المؤسسات من اتخاذ القرارات الصائبة والصحيحة إزاء هذه الجماهير.. إن المؤسسات الدينية التي يمثل الدين أساس عملها لها دورها الفاعل والخطير في أي مجموعة إنسانية، وان الدين له خدماته الكثيرة وفوائده الجمة التي يؤديها للمجتمع في مختلف العصور والأزمان وجميع البقاع والأقطار، ولو لا وجود الدين وما يؤديه من خدمات لهلكت هذه المجتمعات وتفشت فيها الفوضى وساء الاضطراب وتهدم المجتمع وانهار كيانه. إن أهمية الدين في المجتمع وبالذات المجتمع العراقي ولاسيما بعد التغير السياسي الذي حصل في العراق وتشكيل دواوين الأوقاف الدينية الثلاث (ديوان الوقف السني – ديوان الوقف الشيعي – ديوان أوقاف المسيحيين والديانات الأخرى) والتي تشكل بدورها مؤسسات دينية حكومية ومع ازدياد نشاط هذه المؤسسات المتمثلة بتقديم خدماتها والتي تهدف إلى التوعية الدينية والتثقيف والإرشاد والتوجيه الديني والإقناع الفكري، والتذكير بأهمية الوعي الديني للإنسان والتعايش السلمي بين أبناء المجتمع الواحد (العراقي) وسعي هذه المؤسسات إلى توحيد مضمون الخطاب الديني الذي يعمل على وحدة أبناء المجتمع العراقي، لذلك زادت الجماهير التي تتعامل معها، وكل ذلك أدى إلى ظهور الحاجة إلى إدارات علاقات عامة ناجحة تمارس أنشطتها الاتصالية المختلفة، وتعمل على توطيد العلاقة بين هذه المؤسسات والجماهير المرتبطة بها وجماهير أبناء المجتمع العراقي عامة. وعلى هذا الأساس تتضح أهمية هذا البحث من تناوله موضوع العلاقات العامة في المؤسسات الدينية العراقية، والاطلاع على واقع نشاطات العلاقات العامة في دواوين الأوقاف الدينية في العراق لمعرفة أنشطتها الاتصالية، ومدى ممارستها وما حققته من فائدة للمؤسسة وللجمهور. وانطلاقاً من أهمية العلاقات العامة وأنشطتها ولاسيما الأنشطة الاتصالية في المؤسسات الدينية وما تحمله هذه المؤسسات من رسالة لأداء دورها الفعّال والايجابي في المجتمع العراقي فقد اختار الباحث موضوع بحثه الأنشطة ا لاتصالية للعلاقات العامة في المؤسسات الدينية العراقية دراسة تحليلية في الإصدارات لصحفيةا في دواوين الأوقاف الدينية للمدة من (1 /12 / 2009م - 30 / 6 / 2010م ).
The importance of this research comes from the possibility of achieving positive interaction between accounting and tax through the interest in setting accounting standards and adapting them to local tax legislation, as the adoption of the application of the international standard (IAS 12) for income taxes helps to measure and determine the base for income tax and may lead to an increase in the tax outcome. Through the reliance of enterprises on many accounting bases, and that the tax administration in Iraq depends on the element of personal judgment in determining the tax base, which leads to lack of objectivity in determining the tax outcome, as the impact of the accounting standard (IAS 12) on the tax base and tax outcome is one of th
... Show MoreThe researcher studies and explains the content of some pictures that are published in al-Mada newspaper. The research is important as it deals with a topic that has a relation with visual culture and its role to transfer the press letter to the audience. The researcher finds that cartoonist exposed the security services through important people who have a major role in state policy and reveals the level of corruption and the weak treatments for this phenomenon and its reflection on the whole society and individuals. In addition to that, cartoonists try to encourage the public for going on the peaceful demonstrations since it is a good tool to make pressure on the government to punish the corrupts.
Is the chemical industries of great importance for the economy of any country, through what is borne by these industries is an important part of the changes contained in the industrial output of transfer and, moreover, that these industries are overlaps and intricacies of sector-wide with the rest of the manufacturing sectors, with agriculture and services , through the offering of these industries produce Production requirements intervention such as chemical fertilizer used in the production of agricultural crops, in addition to the various areas for the use of phosphorus in the food industry, to the extent that it is difficult to find material Food preparation is not included i
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The research aims to study the basic concepts of the underwriting policy with its various indicators. The researcher studies the underwriting policy with its various indicators (sex, health status, age of the insured, insurance amount, The method of acceptance, payment method, and duration of insurance) where each of these indicators constitute an important factor in the productivity of life insurance policies, where the productivity of life insurance policies face many difficulties because insurance is a service and not a tangible material commodity and its benefits and not current. Therefore, the life insurance company needs to use a prudent underwriting policy so as not to endanger its financial position due to the expansion of the un
... Show MoreTourism is one of the most important sources of income of economic key countries in the world so are imports of tourism for some countries a source of income is not significant of the total revenues of States. Making those countries, and those countries a destination for visitors, and here should be interest in the Wealth and cultural heritage that distinguishes Islamic countries in general, and Iraq in particular, must be placed specialist studies in all areas for the development of this area of tourism, especially religious tourism to achieve a desired and desired of such research.It is the most important ways to develop tourism in general and religious tourism is of particular publications, advertising, and is important for us in this
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The performa of evaluation process is a process that should be carried out by all industrial management in order to stand on aspects of development or underdevelopment of the various departments and activities in its industrial project for the purpose of identifying obstacles and find out the causes and then avoid them quickly. And intended to rectify the performance evaluation of the activities of industrial project or economic union by measuring the results achieved within a specific operational process and compare it to what is already targeted, and often the time for comparison of one year.
The process of performance evaluation depends upon several criteria and indicators within the
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The research aims to determine the nature of the effect of long . term finance with Net profit which get by the organization from a grubs of finance sources which the organization can choose among them to funding its operations it is one of the basic necessities Net income . Despite this importance , however there is a distinct lack of many Iraqi organizations in the study of the relationship effect of between these two variables and this the reaserch problem .
The data of research were obtained the annual guide of Iraqi market for securities where a data of sample of Iraqi Banks was selected which were five banks from 2004 to 2007 , most of the analysis re
... Show MoreThe research deals with analyzing the influencing role of trade policies in the growth and development of productive economic sectors and their contribution to GDP and its reflection on workforce employment. Studies have proven the success of the Malaysian experience in stimulating the productive economic sectors to grow and their contribution to the gross domestic product with an increase in the growth of local markets and access to international markets for national products. The research also deals with the ineffectiveness of Iraqi trade policies after 2003 in stimulating the productive economic sectors (agricultural and industrial) on economic growth, as most of the increase in Iraqi GDP growth throughout the study period was
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Diversity has become one of the required phenomena to be available within public organizations, in light of the changes taking place in the global and international environment and in various fields. Therefore, it was imperative to study the impact of this phenomenon in various institutions, especially public ones, in most developing countries, including Iraq. The current research aims to analyze the relationship between The demographic diversity and institutional effectiveness of a sample of workers in public institutions included (500) respondents. The questionnaires were distributed to them randomly. Diversity is considered an independent variable and institutional effectiveness a dependent variable. The researcher used interview tools a
... Show MoreNegotiation is considered as one of the most important kinds of communication in the contemporary organizations, which depend on the important role of managerial information systems in providing necessary and suitable information for success of the negotiation process.
Accordingly, this study aims at measuring the extent of the variables effect of managerial information system in the negotiation process.
To achieve this study, two hypotheses were chosen; the first is the correlation relation and the second is the effect, and statistical means represented by correlation coefficient "Spearman" and (R2) were used.
A Number of conclusions were
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