على الرغم من الانكماش الاقتصادي العالمي، فأن نسب التجارة الالكترونية عبر شبكة الانترنت (ولاسيما بيع السلع المقلدة) لا تزال تشهد ارتفاعا في نسب المبيعات، واحد اللاعبين المهمين في التجارة الالكترونية هم أصحاب مواقع المزادات الالكترونية. وعلى الرغم من انه ليس لهؤلاء دور مباشر في التعدي على العلامات التجارية، بيد ان مالكي تلك العلامات لا يزالون يعتبرونهم مسؤولين ولو بشكل غير مباشر (مسؤولية ثانوية-secondary liability) عن التعدي على علاماتهم التجارية. من هنا فقد أقيمت دعاوى عديدة من قبل مالكي العلامات التجارية الاصلية (التي تم التعدي عليها من قبل اشخاص قاموا ببيع بعض السلع والمنتجات التي تحمل علامات تجارية مقلدة لعلاماتهم عبر بعض المزادات الإلكترونية) ضد أصحاب تلك المزادات. وبالنظر للصفة الدولية لشبكة الانترنت فقد أقيمت تلك الدعاوى في دول مختلفة، وعلى الرغم من تشابه الوقائع القانونية في تلك الدعاوى بيد ان الاحكام القضائية فيها جاءت مختلفة من دولة لأخرى، بل حتى ان بعض محاكم تلك الدول غيرت موقفها من قضية لأخرى بسبب تغير وجهة نظرها بصدد تلك الوقائع من جهة، ورغبتها في تحقيق توازن عادل في المسؤولية بين مالكي العلامات التجارية وأصحاب المزادات الالكترونية من جهة أخرى.
Abstract:
The research aims to monitor the image of the man in the group (The Cart and the Rain) by the storyteller (Badiaa Amin); With the aim of highlighting an aspect of feminist writing, especially with regard to the relationship of women to men, and determining the form adopted by the storyteller in drawing the features of men.
The research used the descriptive-analytical method in the space of its textual formation, which aims to stand on the text and deconstruct its narrative significance. To provide a comprehensive picture of it.
Three images of the man appeared in the group's stories, represented by (the authoritarian, the negative, and the positive), and the image of the authoritarian ma
... Show MoreBanks was one of the institutions that are highly concerned with the issue of performance evaluation, in order to achieve optimal use of resources that enable them to achieve operational and strategic objectives both in light of the global competition fierce for the start of the research problem of banks to adopt in assessing the performance of the realization of just the traditional financial indicators which has become insufficient to keep pace with the constant evolution in the business environment, which requires work on the use of the necessary information needed to evaluate the performance of all the Bank's activities through
the use of the Balanced Scorecard method. The research aims to shed light on the dimensions of perf
... Show MoreEstablishing the systemic character of vocabulary, its relationship with other language systems, their interdependence creates the possibility of a comprehensive scientific study and description of the lexical system of each language, as well as contrastive comparative studies of several languages, including their phraseological composition.
It is known that not all words-components of phraseological units are equivalent in their role in the formation of the semantic content of phraseological units. In this regard, it is necessary to introduce the concept of a lexical dominant. To this we include words, which are kind of centers around which the entire semantic complex of phraseological units, the entire set of its words-componen
... Show MoreThis research deals with the frameworks and mechanisms of international press coverage of the issue of foreign interference in the formation of the Iraqi government in the Saudi newspapers Asharq Al-Awsat and Kayhan Al-Arabi Iran and how this topic was addressed in the two newspapers. The frameworks for international press coverage of external interference in the formation of the Iraqi government. ”This research is one of the descriptive research that adopted the survey method، which made it possible to use the content analysis tool to analyze
the content of the two newspapers، whose numbers are (624) from the
newspapers (Al-Sharq Al-Awsat Al-Saudi Arabia and Kayhan Al-Arabi Iran) from (1/1/2018 to 31/12/2018)، and the researc
Background: preeclampsia is characterized by endothelial dysfunction with vasoconstriction due to cell adhesion molecules or mediators released by defective placentation. Soluble platelet selectin, one of the cell adhesion molecules, is elevated in many inflammatory conditions including preeclampsia.
Objective: To investigate if soluble platelet-selectin levels can be used as a marker for adverse outcomes in pregnancy complicated with sever preeclampsia
Patients and methods:This study involved 115 pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy; divided into Group A: involves 25 pregnant women with preeclampsia complicated by intrauterine growth restriction.Group B: involves 35 pregnant women with preeclampsia without intraute
Certain bacterial and viral infectious agents may play a role in the activation of inflammation in atherosclerosis lesions. Epidemiological studies indicate that infectious agents may predispose patients to atherosclerosis as Infections have been associated with an increased risk of this disease. Moreover, a positive antibody status has been detected against some infectious organisms associated with atherosclerotic rupture. Infectious agents found in human atheroma, which may directly cause or accelerate atherosclerosis , include many pathogens but the present study focused on Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis B virus surface antigen and C. In order to evaluate the possible association between H. pylori, HBV, and HCV infections and the risk of
... Show MoreThe present paper stresses the direct effect of the situational dimension termed as “reality” on the authors’ thoughts and attitudes. Every text is placed within a particular situation which has to be correctly identified by the translator as the first and the most important step for a good translation. Hence, the content of any word production reflects some part of reality. Comprehending any text includes comprehending the reality’s different dimensions as reflected in the text and, thus illuminating the connection of reality features.
Аннотация
Исследование под названием ((«Понимание реальности» средство полно
... Show MoreAbstract: A novel design of Mach Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) in terms of using special type of optical fiber that has double clad with graded distribution of the refractive index that can be easily implemented practically was suggested and simulated in this work. The suggested design is compact, rapid, and is simple to be modified and tested. The simulated design contains a MZI of 1546.74 nm of central wavelength that is constructed using special type of double clad optical fiber that has two different numerical apertures. The first aperture will supply single mode propagation via its core, while the second numerical aperture supports a zigzag wave propagation (multimode) in the first clad region. The interferometer’s
... Show MoreBackground: Breast cancer is the commonest type of malignancy among women worldwide and in Iraq. Tru-cut needle biopsy technique provides adequate tissue for histopathological diagnosis of suspected breast lumps and assessment of hormonal receptors (estrogen, progesterone and HER2neu) prior to surgical operation.
Objectives: To assess estrogen, progesterone andHER2neu expression using breast cancer tissue specimens obtained by tru-cut biopsy, to correlate the findings with clinicopathological parameters of known prognostic significance in breast cancer patients.
Patients and Methods: This prospective study was held within the Main Referral Center for Early Detection of Breast Tumors/Medical City Teachi
The research aimed to statement, which impact that the development of Iraqi auditing standards in the fight against corruption and to fulfill the reform requirements by conducting a comparative study analysis with a framework proposal to amend the Iraqi Audit directory number statement (6) issued by the Accounting and Auditing Standards Board of the Republic of Iraq dated 08/24/2002 on audit planning and supervision on the basis of the latest versions of international auditing standards in this regard.
The researchers concluded that there is a need to update the standards (evidence) audit accredited in the Republic of Iraq in accordance with international auditing standards to meet the requirements of the report of the external a
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