Despite the global economic downturn, online e-commerce, especially the sale of counterfeit goods, continues to witness a rise in sales, and one of the important players in e-commerce is the owners of e-commerce auction sites. Although they do not have a direct role in trademark infringement, they still consider them indirectly responsible (secondary liability) for infringing on their trademarks. Thus, many cases have been filed by the owners of the original trademarks (which have been infringed by persons who have sold some of the goods and products that are imitating their marks through some electronic auctions) against the owners of those auctions. In view of the international character of the Internet, in different countries, and despite the similarity of the legal facts in those cases, however, the jurisprudence regarding the responsibility of electronic auction owners to contribute to trademark infringement came from one country to another. Indeed, some of the courts have changed their position from one case to another because of their changing views on the facts of those actions and their desire to achieve a fair balance of responsibility between trademark owners and electronic auction holders.
Learning programming is among the top challenges in computer science education. A part of that, program visualization (PV) is used as a tool to overcome the high failure and drop-out rates in an introductory programming course. Nevertheless, there are rising concerns about the effectiveness of the existing PV tools following the mixed results derived from various studies. Student engagement is also considered a vital factor in building a successful PV, while it is also an important part of the learning process in general. Several techniques have been introduced to enhance PV engagement; however, student engagement with PV is still challenging. This paper employed three theories—constructivism, social constructivism and cognitive load t
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The ability of single and mixed bacterial culture to utilize Dora-refineries petroleum wastes was compared. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia ficaria mixed culture consumed the wastes better than the single bacterial cultures. The highest log. number of viable cells in mixed culture was 6.842 , while in single bacterial cultures it was 6.683 and 5.631, respectively. after 3 days in API medium containing the refinery wastes. The effect of some environmental conditions on the degradation of petroleum wastes was studied included aeration , NaCl concentration , pH and temperature. The growth of bacteria in the agitated culture was higher than stagnant culture the log. of cell no. was 6.021 in the first culture. The h
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The present work aims to investigate approaches, measures and detection of indoor radon level in buildings of the department of physics in college of science of Baghdad University. CR-39 solid state nuclear track detectors were used to measure the radon concentrations inside the rooms, including five laboratories and five workplace rooms in ground and first storey of the department. The average radon concentration at first storey was found to be 43.1±13.2 Bq/m3 and 40.1±13.4 Bq/m3 at the ground storey. The highest level of radon concentration at the first storey in the radioactive sources store was 87.5±29 Bq/m3 while at the ground storey in room(2) was 70.2±24 Bq/m3 which is due to the existence radioactive sources in some selected
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Afield experiment was conducted in the college of Agriculture labs Sulaimanya University in 2014 to estimate the genetic variance between 12 genotypes of maize. (SSR) technology was used depending on (PCR) technology. Twenty primers were used for the genetic variance analysis between the studied genotypes and 15 primers showed polymorphic results in repeated experiment caused to experinse 52 alleles which gave 307 bands of range 3.1 by different molecular sizes ranged between 80-1000 pair base the value of PIC reached to phi069 gave high value (0.8785), the range of genetic diversity for studied genotypes reached to (0.625) gave primers pairs phi069 hig value for genetic diversity (0.888). The value of total allele replication ranged at pri
... Show MoreThis Study aimed to studying the effect of Volatile oil extracted from the leaves of Myrtus communis on the growth and activities of the following types of bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsilla pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the yeast Candida albicans. The results showed an inhibitory effect of the oil on both the growth and activity of the tested microbes. This was reflected by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsilla pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa which was: (2.5, 1.25, and 2.5,5 % respectively), and the yeast (5) %. Also, the Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) to the bacteria mentioned above was (5, 2.5,5,10 % respectivel
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Implantation of blastocyst is considered as a sensitive process in the life of growing embryo. Thus this critical period could be under threat from the harmful effect of many drugs ,among them is the carbamazepine which is used by many women for a treatment of epilepsy . The present experiment was designed to study the effect of this drug on the process of implantation ;especially during the days 7 and 9 of pregnancy. For those purpose 169 pregnant albino mice, of 25 gm weight for each one, were used .The mice were divided into control group given orally normal saline, and treated group given orally carbamazepine with concentration of 15 mg\kg. Samples from pregnant uteri containing the embryos were used. They were first fixed in Boun's sol
... Show MoreDifferent coating layers of fluorescent agent (FCA) on the solar cells were used. An increase of 35% in the energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell have been obtained. This increase is attributed to the reduction ofthe reflected light, eflection spectra show low values at higher thickness which explained the increase ofthe conversion efficiency with increases of layer thickness.
In this study, phosphorescence analysis (KPA) is used for determining soil collected from the Tigris River from Al- Karrada and Bab Al-Sharq in Baghdad and samples were taken from rainwater collected from Al-Rashad, Al-Obeidi, Al-Dora and Al-Sadr City in Baghdad. The measurements were carried out by the Iraqi Ministry of Health and Environment, in the Radiation Protection Center. The collection, removal and evaporation of the samples ranged from January to the end of March 2018. The results show the presents of concentration of 238U and 235U in soil samples and the rainwater samples. The conclusion of this work is the concentration of uranium in soil samples is more than recommendations by ICRP value of 1.9 μg /l. While all water sample
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa gram-negative, bacilli and facultative aerobic, P. aeruginosa cause cystic fibrosis patients, wounds, burns, and immunodeficienct patients, that have many virulence factors such as pyocyanin , cytotoxic ,biofilm formation and motility, Eighty-eight isolates belonging to P. aeruginosa were collected including the 66 clinical isolates obtained from different hospitals in Baghdad and were from different sources and 22 environmental isolates from previous studies of soil near oil fields. Microscopical and cultural characteristics were studied and diagnosed using biochemical tests, VITEC device, their ability to adhere to non-living (Polystyrene), living cell line (A549) and cytotoxicity of bacterial filtrate
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The aim of the present work is to develop a new class of natural fillers based polymer composites with sawdust (S.D) which used two particle sizes (1.2 μm & 2.3 μm) and different weight percentage from sawdust (10%, 15%, and 20%). The mechanical properties studied include hardness (shore D) for all samples at normal conditions (N.C). The unsaturated polyester (UPE) and its composites samples were immersed in water for 30 days to find the effect of particle size of sawdust (S.D) on the weight gain (Mt %) by water for all the samples, also to find the effect of water on their hardness. The results show that the composite materials of sawdust (S.D) fillers which has particle size (1.2 μm) better than (2.3 μm) particle size bef
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