The aim of this study is to compare the effects of three methods: problem-based learning (PBL), PBL with lecture method, and conventional teaching on the understanding of thermodynamics, group work and self-directed learning skills among physics undergraduates. The actual sample size comprises of 122 students, who were selected randomly from the Physics Department, College of Education in Iraq, for academic year 2011-2012. In this study, the pre and posttest were done and the instruments were administered to the students for data collection. Inferential statistics were employed to analyze data. The independent variables were the PBL, the PBL with lecture method, and the conventional teaching. Dependent variables of statistical analysis were posttest scores on the understanding of thermodynamics, group work skills, and self-directed learning skills. Covariates of statistical analysis were pretest scores of the understanding of thermodynamics, group work skills, and self-directed learning skills. The data were analyzed using statistical package social sciences (SPSS) version 19. Overall, the statistical results rejected all null hypotheses of this study. Thus, the use of PBL with lecture method enhances the understanding of thermodynamics better than using the PBL alone or using conventional teaching method. Using the PBL without or with lecture method promotes the skills of group work, and self-directed learning better than using the conventional teaching, among physics undergraduate.
The research seeks to examine the ability of fifth preparatory students in solving a mathematical problem in relation to system thinking. To this end, the researcher chose (140) fifth preparatory students from four-different secondary schools in Kirkuk city for the academic year (2016-2017). Two tests were adopted to collect study data: a test of (5) items about skills in solving math problem designed by (Al-raihan, 2006); and a test of system thinking skills designed by the researcher himself consisted of (14) items. It was divided into four skills (analyzing the main system to subsystems, eliminating all inner gaps of system, identifying the inner connection of system, and reorganizing the system). The findings indicated a good ability
... Show MoreObjective: To assess knowledge and skills level regarding oxygen administration methods at p
ediatric teaching hospitals in Mosul City.
Methodology: A descriptive study was applied at pediatric teaching hospitals (Al-Kansaa, and Ibn Al-Atheer) in Mosul City from 8 of October / 2018 till 29 of May / 2019. The selection of the sample was non- probability (Purposive). This sample involved of (52) nurses. The questionnaire was constructed which consists of three parts and provided for nurses. The questionnaire validity was carried out through a panel of experts. To evaluate statistically the reliability of instruments, the pilot study was applied through period from 20– till –31 of January / 2019. Non-randomly (6) nurses from Ibn S
Gum Arabic is a natural gummy exudate gained from the trees of Acacia species (Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal), Family: Fabaceae. Gum Arabic considers as a dietary fiber with a high percentage of carbohydrates and low protein content. Sugars arabinose and ribose were originally discovered and isolated from gum Arabic and it is representing the original source of these sugars. A gum emanation from trees occurs under stress conditions such as heat, poor soil fertility, drought, and injury. Mainly gum is produced in belt region of Africa, mainly Sudan, Chad, and Nigeria. In the food industry, it is used in confectionery; in the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as emulsifier, film coating and others. Traditionally the g
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Objective(s): To assess the types of violence among adolescents in Baghdad City.
A descripƟve study which was using the assessment approach was conducted on purposive sample of 60 parents of
adolescent for identify types of adolescents violence in their families, was selected according to specific criteria for
participating in health education program towards adolescents' violence control in Baghdad city.
Methodology: A questionnaire was constructed for the purpose of the study. It was consisted of two parts; the first
part which included the parents' demographic characteristics for parents (sex, age, educational level and socioeconomic
status); the second part included types of adolescent violence that reported by par
To maintain a sustained competitive position in the contemporary environment of knowledge economy, organizations as an open social systems must have an ability to learn and know how to adapt to rapid changes in a proper fashion so that organizational objectives will be achieved efficiently and effectively. A multilevel approach is adopted proposing that organizational learning suffers from the lack of interest about the strategic competitive performance of the organization. This remains implicit almost in all models of organizational learning and there is little focus on how learning organizations achieve sustainable competitive advantage . A dynamic model that captures t
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In This paper, CuO thin films having different thickness (250, 300 , 350 and 400) nm were deposited on glass substrates by thermal vacuum evaporator. The thermal oxidation of this evaporated film was done in heated glass at temperature (300 in air at one hour. The study of X-ray diffraction investigated all the exhibit polycrystalline nature with monoclinic crystal structure include uniformly grains. Thin film’s internal structure topographical and optical properties. Furthermore, the crystallization directions of CuO (35.54 , 38.70 ) can be clearly observed through an X-ray diffraction analysis XRD, Atomic Force Microscope AFM (topographic image) showed that the surface Characteristics , thin films crystals grew with increases in either
... Show More5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a is Pyrimidine analogue widely used in the treatment of various malignancies It belongs to the antimetabolites family that acts during the S-phase of the cell cycle thus it prevents DNA synthesis.N-acetylcysteine is nutritional complement acts as antioxidant.The purpose of the current study is to investigate whether there is a protective role of N-acetylcystein against intestinal toxicity induced by 5-fluorouracil in albino rats.18 healthy adult rats were distributed into 3 groups of 6 rats for each. Group A as a control group.Group B injected with 5-FU (20 mgs dissolved in 2ml normal saline per kilogram body weight intraperitoneally for 7 successive days while Group C received N-acetylcy
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