Due to the deterioration of water quality within the last few years because of the increase of water consumption and the waste water production and disposal into the river The water quality in both surface and ground water resources was negatively affected .The concept of water quality index is used as a tool for water quality classification in Tigris River within Baghdad City .Twenty two parameters of pollution were selected to measure the water quality indices of Tigris river within Baghdad city .Those parameters were measured during (2000-2004)as average monthly values ,three water treatment plants were selected out of the eight water treatment plants that exist along the river.Al Kharkh water treatment plant to reflect the water quality north of Baghdad ,Al Wathba water treatment plant to reflect water quality at the center and Al Rasheed water treatment plant located south of Baghdad to reflect the water quality at this area .The estimated water quality indices indicated that the river quality deteriorate south of Baghdad and the geological and hydrological conditions played the prime role relative to the agricultural and industrial activities within the catchments on the quality of Tigris river .Furthermore ,due to the continuous decrease of flow and the simultaneous increase in agricultural and industrial development with time ,the river showed a general deterioration in quality while the worst years were 2002,2003 due to the significant decrease in the amount of flow .
Abstract
The current research aims to identify the most prominent beliefs about coronavirus of Baghdad University students, as well as to identify the prominent beliefs toward coronavirus of male and female students. To achieve the research objectives, a questionnaire of (15) items was administered to a sample of (600) male and female students collected from ten different colleges at the university of Baghdad. The findings of the research illustrated that item (8) took priority as students believe there is a misleading about coronavirus spreading by governments, item (2) which indicated that coronavirus is man-made took level two, followed by item (10), it proposes that coronavirus emerged from the American milit
... Show MoreThe Present study aims to investigate the attitude toward extremism of the university student and to find differences with three variables, gender field of study ,grade), For the purposes of the study on(3) level scale of the attitude towards extremism , and subjected to validity and credibility ,the scale was designed for ( 590) students sample (237) males ,and (357) females Results shown that students has a mild attitude towards extremism compared with the average of the scale attitude towards Religious extremism occupied the number one level ,followed by social extremism and lastly political extremism in Results also shown different in gender (males ,females) with the males having the granter attitude towards extremism as for the othe
... Show MoreThis research is based on the study of common praise in Mutanabbi and Ibn Hani Al-Andalusi as the main purpose in poetry poets, and balance between them;
The research was divided into two topics, presented by introductory introduction for the purpose of praise, and the concept of budget in Arab criticism, and then presented a brief overview of the lives of poets.
In the first section, I dealt with the common objectivity of the poets, such as the subject of sincerity in praise, hyperbole in the person of Mamdouh, and self-esteem when asked, in addition to the most common characteristics in t
... Show MoreThe Present study aims to shed some light on the concept of authority of university students and to find statistically significant differences as regards this concepts in accordance with three variables gender (males, females),field of study(scientific ,humanities)and grade(second ,fourth). To accomplish the study a ( 7) level scale was developed for the concept of authority and it subjected to validity and credibility the scale was used with 590 student sample (237) males and (353) females Results show that male students show obedience to authority forms below the Avery e component with the theoretical Avery of the scale besides ,reinforcement was on the top of authority chain ,followed by person traits ,friends, affect punishment and t
... Show MoreThe study included the determination of pollen grains features for 8 genera and 13 taxa of Mimosoideae subfamily grown in Baghdad/ Iraq by using each of light and scanning electron microscope. The samples of taxa were collected from various sites in Baghdad province in central Iraq located on 32 45° 0-33 45 0 N and 44 0 0- 44° 45 0 E. the results from this study revealed different pollen types as monad in each of Leucaena, Prosopis, and Neltuma, tetrad in Mimosa and polyads in Acacia, Albizia, Calliandra, Pithecellobium and Vachellia. Each taxa of these genera characterized by special palynological features as shape, size, number of polyads grain and conplateuration as well as other parameters included other dimensions, and these
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The objective of study was determining the most prevalent Salmonella spp. and their antimicrobial susceptibility in broilers and laying chickens and their feed and drinking water in five chicken farms in Karbala, Iraq over the period from August to October 2020. A total of 289 samples, including 217 cloaca swabs, 46 water and 26 feed samples were collected. Salmonella spp. was identified firstly by routine diagnostic methods, followed by applying the API 20E kit, the Vitek2 system, and serology. There was significant differences in Salmonella prevalence among different types of samples, mainly cloaca swabs reported a high isolation rate (21.7%). In contrast, feed samples were completely free of contamination. The highest rate of isolation w
... Show MoreThe regular job of a reservoir engineer is to put a development plan to increase hydrocarbon production as possible and within economic and technical considerations. The development strategy for the giant reservoir is a complex and challenging task through the decision-making analysis process. Due to the limited surface water treatment facility, the reservoir management team focuses on minimizing water cut as low as possible by check the flow of formation and injected water movement through the Mishrif reservoir. In this research, a representative sector was used to make the review of water injection configuration, which is considered an efficient tool to make study in a particular area of the entire field when compared with the ful
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Densities of double salt [(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2.6H2O] dissolved in distilled water and in ethylene glycol at three temperatures (298.15,303.15 and 308.15)k have been utilized to calculate the apparent molar volume , limiting apparent molar volume ,experimental slop . These results provide as information about solute-solvent, solute-solute interaction and structure-forming, structure-breaking tendency from partial molar expansibility .
Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) formed by one-step laser ablation in deionized water were carefully studied. Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and UV–V spectroscopy were used to obtain morphological, chemical, and optical properties of CNPs. SEM outcomes established that the synthesized nanoparticles are semi-spherical with a wide particle size distribution. Raman investigation showed two typical and expected peaks ~ (1300 - 2700) cm−1, which are confirming to transverse and longitudinal modes of the carbon structure. The absorption spectra proved that the intensity of spectra increases as particle size and concentration increase.
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A comparative study was carried out on ecological and genetical adaptation of three Iraqi
freshwater snails, Physa acuta, Melanopsis buccinoidea and Melanoides tuberculata, in
respect to acute toxicity of heavy metals (Zn, Cd and Hg). Longevity are used as poisoning
tolerance criterion. LT 50 and LT 100 were determined for the studied snails at (0.5, 1, 5, and
10 ppm), for the three metals. Results indicated that Physa acuta had a higher tolerance than
Melanopsis buccinoidea and Melanoides tuberculata, which was the lower one. Previous
exposure to heavy metals in the original habitat was affecting on experimental tolerance and
no relationships of physical and chemical factors (total hardness, temperature, D. O. and