To study the qualitative changes in testis tissue after carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administration and to determine whether citric acid (CA) has a protective effect against testis damage induced by CCl4. This study compared two types of CA by measuring the histoarchitecture of the testis and serum levels of progesterone, estrogen and testosterone on mice. One of the most produced organic acid is citric acid. In this study, CA produced by microbial fermentation using Aspergillus Niger 5mg/kg and derived from citrus limon 400mg/kg (lemon). Mice were treated with daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection for seven successive days after randomly separated into six groups: (1) control, (2) CCl4 (0.02%), (3) limon citric acid (400 mg/kg), (4) CCl4 (0.02%) plus limon CA (400 mg/kg), (5) Aspergillus Niger citric acid (5 mg/kg), and (6) CCl4 (0.02%) plus Aspergillus Niger CA (5mg/kg). Mice were sacrificed, then the testes were histopathological examined under light microscopy, serum levels of progesterone, estrogen and testosterone tested. Histopathological results indicated that CCl4 severely damage to mouse testis tissues, however, the protective effects on testes was observed when CCl4 combined with CA. Hormone estimation results showed that the treatment of CCl4 exhibited reduction in testosterone level of serum as compared to the control group of mice, in contrast exhibited high in the level of estrogen and progesterone in CCl4 treated group in correlation to that of the standard control group. Sex hormone serum levels were improved by lemon citric acid (CA) and Aspergillus Niger citric acid but did not reach the mean control level
Leishmania parasites are the causative agent of leishmaniasis. Many studies are inspecting chemical drugs, including the use of miltefosine and amphotericin B, but curative values may be limited for these drugs with side effects due to the chemical origin, therefore, investigating less toxic therapies is essential. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of artemisinin on Iraqi strain of Leishmania tropica, by experimental macrophage ex vivo infection of amastigotes into mouse macrophage cell-line RAW264.7. Different concentrations (100, 200, 300, 400, 500)μM of artemisinin (ART) were screened to examine the susceptibility of L. tropica amastigotes to invade macrophage cell line along three times of follow up (24, 48 and
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(3)
Leishmania parasites are the causative agent of leishmaniasis. Many studies are inspecting chemical drugs, including the use of miltefosine and amphotericin B, but curative values may be limited for these drugs with side effects due to the chemical origin, therefore, investigating less toxic therapies is essential. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of artemisinin on Iraqi strain of Leishmania tropica, by experimental macrophage ex vivo infection of amastigotes into mouse macrophage cell-line RAW264.7. Different concentrations (100, 200, 300, 400, 500)μM of artemisinin (ART) were screened to examine the susceptibility of L. tropica amastigotes to invade macrophage cell line along three times of follow up (24, 48 and
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(7)
Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation are considered the most invasive stimuli in anesthesia. They provoked cardiovascular responses that include hypertension, tachycardia and dysrhythmias. Various pharmacological approaches have been used to blunt or attenuate such pressor responses. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of medazolom, lignocaine and propranolol as a valuable adjuvant to fentanyl in attenuating hemodynamic responses to endotracheal intubation in normotensive patients. Thirty two patient with physical status I or II according to the score of American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA), scheduled for elective surgery under standard general anesthesia, were randomly allocated into four groups (8 patients in ea
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This study was aimed to investigate the protective effect of vitamin D on L-arginine induced acute pancreatitis in rats. Twenty eight white Albino rats of both sexes were divided into 4 equal groups. Negative control rats (group I) intra-peritoneally injected with normal saline, positive control (group II) rats induced acute pancreatitis with L- arginine, group III rats treated with a single dose of vitamin D, and group IV treated with single dose of vitamin D prior to first dose of L- arginine. Serum amylase, lipase and cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor –alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL1β); in addition, my eloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activity in the pancreas were measured. In acute pancreatitis group (group II), there was a
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Background: Polymorphisms in the TNF-α gene affect the development and progression of rheumatoid arthritis. Objective: To investigate the associations between (-806 T/C) and (-857 T/C) SNPs with rheumatoid arthritis severity and susceptibility in a sample of Iraqi patients. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Baghdad, Iraq. Twenty healthy controls and 63 patients confirmed to be newly diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis were included. Those are divided into two groups (patients and controls), and the patients were further subdivided into severe and mild-moderate groups. Samples from those participants were analyzed for clinical and inflammatory parameter measurements. Genotyping by the Sanger method was performed to stu
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(2)
(2)
The effect of internal acoustic excitation on the leading-edge, separated boundary layers and the aerodynamic performance of NACA23015 cross section airfoil are examined as a function of excitation location with ranging frequency range (50-400) Hz of the introduced acoustic. Tests are separately conducted in two sections, open type wind tunnels at the Reynolds number of 3.3x105 for measurement at angle of attack (0, 3, 6, 9 &12) deg. and 3x104 for the visualization at angle of attack (12) deg. based on the airfoil chord. Results indicated that the excitation frequency and the excitation location are the key parameters to alter the flow properties and thus to improve the aerodynamic performance. The most effective excitation frequency
... Show MoreInelastic transverse and longitudinal form factors of same parity have
been studied for B 10 nucleus in the frame work of the shell model for
many particles, by using He 4 as an inert core and the remaining
particles were distributed in 3 / 2 1 / 2 1p ,1p which form the model
space. The calculations of the present work based on the harmonic
oscillator potential with fixed size parameter (b). Here we use the
first order correction for the perturbation theory and the interaction
from Cohen-Kurath (CK). Adding the core-polarization effects to
form factors calculations gave a good agreement with the
experimental data. Calculations have been performed for the
transverse excited states of: (1 ,0 )at ( E 0.178M