The present investigation aims to determine the effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on biotransformation and antioxidant genes and the protective effects of curcumin, present in turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder (TMP). Specifically, the study included four groups of albino mice were fed for 30 days on diet Group I: Control, Group II: animals fed on the conventional basal diet supplemented with 0.5% food grade TMP that supplied 74 mg/kg total curcuminoids. Group III contained animals reared on conventional basal diet supplemented with 1.0 ppm AFB1 supplied by ground aflatoxin culture material (760 ppm AFB1). Finally, Group IV comprised of albino mice fed with basal diet supplemented with 1.0 ppm AFB1 and 0.5% TMP that supplied 74 mg/kg of the

Crabs belong to the crustacean family (Decapods crustacean), and their shells contain natural ingredients from which the bioactive compounds are derived. It has been used as folklore medicine in cancer treatment. We investigate the possible anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects for crab shells and whole crabs. Thirty-six rats (150–200 gm) from both sexes were used, divided into six groups, the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity measured using cotton pellet induce granuloma model. Detection of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF α), Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), superoxide (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels using ELISA Kits. The data analysis by one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey test. Values are significant at (p < 0.05).

Iraq  is Suffering nowadays from the criminal triad represented by the fiscal and administrative corruption, money laundering and terrorism, which are intertwined in a very related relations, as each of them support the other . Since the over growth has been one of its characteristics leaving behind a very dangerous negative effects whether it was social , economic or even political impacts . As a result , this trial is now represents a high risk that threatens the present and the future of Iraq . On the political , economic and social level , it is well to mention that the poor direct investment , the increasing rates of poverty , unemployment , inflation as well as the smuggling of goreign currency an

     The density-velocity relation is an important tool used to predict one of  these two parameters from the other. A new empirical density –velocity equation was derived in Kf-4 well at Kifl Oil Field, south of Iraq. The density was derived from Gardner equation and the results obtained were compared with the density log (ROHB) in Kl-4 well. The petrophysical analysis was used to predict the variations in lithology of Yamama Formation depending on the well logs data, such as density, gamma, and neutron logs. The physical analysis of rocks depended on the density, Vp, and Vs  values to estimate the elastic parameters, i.e. acoustic impedance (AI) and Vp/Vs ratio, to predict the lithology and hydrocarbon i

In The Name of Allah Most Gracious Most Merciful

Scholars, past and present, have paid attention to the books of Fasting and Hajj, and they have compiled literature on that, and they have written treatises and researches. The best days, and as for the pilgrimage, it is one of the great pillars of Islam, which God Almighty has distinguished by making its rituals in the best of places, which is the Sacred House of God.

This  experiment  was carried  out to evaluate   the efficiency ·of growth regulator  (Match) and biotic pesticides  (Agerin) on the  pupa and adult stages of cotton  leaf worm Spodoptera littoral is {Boisd) that developed from  the  1 51 larval instar  fed on food treated with different concentration  of these pesticides for different' periods. Result  showed that their was a significant  decreases  in pupal period    pupal  weight, pupal   length,   abnonnal   growth   for   pupal   stage      .   A  significant decrease  in the em

Background: This study evaluate the immunohistochemical expression profile of transforming growth factor beta-1 in inflamed gingival tissue of patients with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis compared to healthy subjects and, determine the correlation between this cytokine and the clinical periodontal parameters, intensity of inflammation and chronic periodontitis severity. Materials and methods: Gingival tissue specimens were taken from 23 chronic periodontitis patients, 20 gingivitis patients and 20 periodontally healthy subjects. The periodontal status was evaluated by dichotomous measurements of the clinical periodontal parameters (PLI, GI, BOP, PPD, CAL). The gingival specimens were fixed immediately in 10% formalin and processed ro

This work describes an experimental setup to evaluate the photodynamictoxicity of 650 nm diode laser and 532 nm Frequency-doubled Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser on the growth of Candida albicans as well as the potential fungicidal effect when combining the laser irradiation with specific photosensitizers namely methylene blue, toluidine blue, acridine orange and safranin O. In this study the findings showed that the number of colony-forming units per millilitre (CFU/ml) of C. albicans decreased with increasing exposure time. In particular in the case of the frequency doubled Nd:YAG laser combined with safranin O, the best lethal effect occurred at 11 minutes exposure time with 2.26 J/cm² energy density (89.18% reduction) in comparison with the

Background: Folic acid (vitamin B9) is one of the important vitamins that are necessary for growth and development of the embryo and preventing the occurrence of congenital malformations which are one of the important health problems in the developing countries and the world as it has a direct effect on the affected babies, their families and the community. It affects an estimated 3% of newborns worldwide.Periconceptional supplementation with folic acid (before conception and during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy) was found to decrease many important types of these anomalies. Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of periconceptional use of folic acid in pregnant women who are attending antenatal

Several observations have showed the synergistic effect of nutrients elements and phytoestrogens on bone resorption elimination. Zn is one of the trace elements found to increase the stimulatory effect of phytoestrogens including genestein, coumestrol and daidzein on bone formation; however the synergistic modulation of Zn, genestein, coumestrol and daidzein on proinflammatory-producing T-cells and receptor  activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL) expression that implicated in osteoclast formation is still open area to debate. This study found that Zn enhanced the inhibitory effect of genistein, daidzein and coumestrol on TNF-α expression; however the same effect was shown with daidzein on IL-1β expression while there is no furthe