Advancements in horizontal drilling technologies are utilized to develop unconventional resources, where reservoir temperatures and pressures are very high. However, the flocculation of bentonite in traditional fluids at high temperature and high pressure (HTHP) environments can lower cuttings transportation efficiency and even result in problems such as stuck pipe, decreased rate of penetration (ROP), accelerated bit wear, high torque, and drag on the drill string, and formation damage. The major purpose of the present research is to investigate the performance of low bentonite content water-based fluids for the hole cleaning operation in horizontal drilling processes. Low bentonite content water-based drilling fluids were formulated by re

The Trump administration asserts that the actions of the United States are neither constrained by international organizations nor international controls, as they strive to seek a leadership position in a competitive manner, advance the reform of the United Nations in order to gain strength and support for US interests, and promote conservative social values. This negative policy is the result of the influence and mutual influence of long-term isolationism, the "American exception" and popular trends in the United States, as well as the result of the Trump administration's attempt to employ powerful means to revitalize the United States' strong position in the United Nations. However, the Trump administration’s policy toward the United

Objectives: The aim of the study was, to assess the nurse's role regarding cardiovascular drug
administration in Erbil city.
Methodology: A descriptive survey was conducted in Hawler teaching and Rizgari teaching Hospitals. The
number of samples is 50 nurses; the period of the study was started from 15th of November 2008 up to
the end of March 2009. A questionnaire was developed by investigators based on extensive review of
available studies and literatures. Data were collected through application of observational check list
consist of two part, part one was demographic sheet and part two about nurse’s responsibility regarding
medication administration which include (before, during, after drug administration). Data

In this paper a prey-predator model involving Holling type IV functional response
and intra-specific competition is proposed and analyzed. The local stability analysis of
the system is carried out. The occurrence of a simple Hopf bifurcation is investigated.
The global dynamics of the system is investigated with the help of the Lyapunov
function and poincare-bendixson theorem. Finally, the numerical simulation is used to
study the global dynamical behavior of the system. It is observed that, the system has
either stable point or periodic dynamics.

Most drugs undergo some metabolism in the liver before excretion by the kidneys or bile. Thus, it is not surprising that liver injury may be provoked due to its exposure to various drugs and compounds. Drug-induced cholestatic liver injury may occur particularly under conditions of increased drug concentrations, genetic alterations in expression of enzymes or transporters. Additionally, the drug-induced cholestasis can be caused by direct toxic effects of drugs or their metabolites on different hepatic cell types or through an immune-mediated process. Amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid, an antibiotic that is therapeutically utilized for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. Omega-3 fatty acids are unsaturated fatty acids that have ro

Pyometra is an uncommon gynecological condition resulted from occlusion of the cervix usually by a malignant condition. It has an incidence of 0.1%-0.5%. Untreated pyometra leads to rupture uterus and acute infective peritonitis presented as acute abdomen and needs urgent surgical intervention. Pyometra resulted from occlusion of the vagina is very rare. No cases have been described in the English literature to the best of our knowledge and in the PubMed. The purpose of reporting this case is to show that occlusion of the vagina could occur in postmenopausal women as a consequence of local infection and results in pyometra and also to show that pyometra can be presented in a different way apart from the classical presentation. The way to

Background: Pain after amputation is a common squeal, patients often have a phantom limb sensation too, which can be painful or painless.
Objectives: This study describes the sensations and pain reported by patients after traumatic amputation of unilateral lower limb as well as the incidence and epidemiology of those sensations.
Patients and methods: A retrospective study of 118 patients who underwent lower limb amputation due to trauma. Patients scheduled for interview by means of a standard questionnaire and examined, days, weeks, months, years, after surgery about limb pain, phantom limb sensations, stump pain, back and shoulder pain .
Results: Statistical analysis revealed that the incidence of non-painful sensation was the

School administration has an effective role in stimulating academic achievement, as it is the ideal regulation and activation of material and human power to achieve the goals of the educational process. This role has axes in the form of interests, aids, and specific procedures exercised by the school administration in improving the educational process, and assisting researchers in achieving the highest levels of academic achievement. This activation is achieved through stages of planning, organizing, coordinating, and evaluating.

To achieve the aims of this research, the researcher pursued the descriptive analytical approach, which is considered one of the most appropriate approaches to the nature of this type of research. The qu

Background: Pain and the usage of local anesthetic agents are still real problem in pediatric dentistry, for these reasons, the use of minimal invasive dentistry (MID) in regard to the patient comfort is important especially for children, anxious and uncooperative patients. Chemomechanical caries removal (CMCR) methods involve the selective removal of the carious dentine hence it avoided the painful removal of the sound dentine and the anxiety resulted due to the vibration of the hand piece which is also decreased thus it appears to be more acceptable and comfortable to the patient. Aims of this study: This study was conducted among group of children to assess and compare the anxiety rating scale (during and after treatment) between the